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An Objective Measure to Evaluate Actual body shape among Children and Adolescents in China

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第8期27卷 582-593页

作者： FU Lian Guo WANG Hai Jun LI Xiao Hui WANG Zhi Qiang Patrick WC Lau YANG Yi De MENG Xiang Kun MA Jun Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Centre for Chronic Disease School of Medicine University of Queensland Department of Physical Education Hong Kong Baptist University

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore an objective measure to assess actual body shape of children and adolescents in China. Methods Based on the Chinese National Survey on Student＇s Constitution and Health （CNSSCH） in 2005, 210 927 children and adolescents＇（7-18 years） body height, body weight, chest circumference, sitting height, chest circumference-height ratio, chest circumference-sitting height ratio, chest circumference-low limb ratio, and sitting height-low limb ratio measurements were used to develop an objective measure by using transformation variables and explored factor analysis （EFA）. Discrimination power of the objective measure was evaluated based on BMI reference and Receiver Operating Characteristic curves （ROC）. Results The objective measure included four dimensions scores：transverse dimension （TD） indicating weight and chest circumference; length dimension （LD） indicating height and sitting height;transverse-length ratio dimension （TLD） indicating chest circumference-height ratio, chest circumference-sitting height and chest circumference-low limb ratio; proportion dimension （PD） indicating sitting height-low limb ratio. The whole dimension （WD） indicating the whole body shape was showed by the average of four dimensions scores. Four dimensions and WD scores were approximately 80 in children and adolescents with normal weight, and higher than those of overweight, obesity, and underweight （all P-values〈0.001）. Areas under ROC of overweight and obesity compared with normal weight ranged from 0.88 to 1.00 for scores of TD, TLD, and WD. Conclusion The objective measure which included four dimensions was explored, and TD, TLD, and WD had significant discrimination power.

关键词： Objective measure body shape Children and adolescents

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Genome-wide association study identifies loci for body shape in the large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第1期4卷 3-8页

作者： Linsong Dong Zhaofang Han Ming Fang Shijun Xiao Zhiyong Wang Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea Ministry of AgricultureFisheries CollegeJimei UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266235China

The large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)is an important maricultured fish species in southeast *** shape is an important economic trait for this species,because consumers prefer to purchase fish that have a slender ***,investigating the genetic basis of this trait may be useful for understanding the evolution of fish body shape in *** study randomly selected 500 large yellow croakers to perform genome-wide association study of this *** used Genotyping-By-Sequencing technology combined with a genome-wide prediction model(BayesC)to identify and test *** also compared the association results using BayesC and single-marker analysis,and found that BayesC outperformed single-marker analysis in detecting significant SNPs explaining a proportion of the total genetic variance in this *** 124,419 SNP markers,10 candidate genes,correspond to 4 QTL regions located around 3.5,1.8,23.9 and 10.8 Mb on chromosomes 2,4,8 and 22 respectively,were suggested to be relevant to the *** of these genes may directly or indirectly participate in bone *** genes may provide a valuable reference for marker-assisted selective breeding and investigating the genetic basis of the evolution of fish body shape.

关键词： Large yellow croaker Genome-wide association study body shape BayesC Genotyping-By-Sequencing

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body shape and coloration of silkworm larvae are influenced by a novel cuticular protein

Body shape and coloration of silkworm larvae are influenced ...

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中国蚕学会第九届青年学术研讨会

作者： Gao Xiong Xiaoling Tong Tingting Gai Chunlin Li Liang Qiao Antónia Monteiro Hai Hu Minjin Han Xin Ding Songyuan Wu Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of AgricultureCollege of BiotechnologySouthwest University Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesChongqing Normal University Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Yale-NUS College

The genetic basis of body shape and coloration patterns on caterpillars is often assumed to be regulated separately,but it is possible that common molecules affect both types of trait *** we examine the genetic basis of a spontaneous cuticle defect in silkworm,where larvae exhibit a bamboo-like body shape and also decreased *** performed linkage mapping and mutation screening to determine the gene product that affects body shape and coloration *** these mutant larvae we identified a null mutation in BmorCPH24,a gene encoding a cuticular protein with low complexity *** expression analyses showed that BmorCPH24 is expressed in the larval epidermis ***-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of BmorCPH24 produced the abnormal body shape and the inhibited pigment typical of the mutant *** addition,our results showed that BmorCPH24 may be involved in the synthesis of endocuticle and its disruption induced apoptosis of epidermal cells which accompanied the reduced expression of R＆R-type larval cuticle protein genes and pigmentation gene ***,BmorCPH24,a fast-evolving gene,has evolved a new function responsible for the assembly of silkworm larval cuticle and has evolved to be an indispensable factor maintaining the larval body shape and its coloration *** is the first study to identify a molecule whose pleiotropic function affects the development of body shape and color patterns in insect larvae.

关键词： body shape color patterns cuticular protein apoptosis novel gene

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body shape and Coloration of Silkworm Larvae Are Influenced by a Novel Cuticular Protein

Body Shape and Coloration of Silkworm Larvae Are Influenced ...

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中国蚕学会第十届青年学术研讨会

The genetic basis of body shape and coloration patterns on caterpillars is often assumed to be regulated separately,but it is possible that common molecules affect both types of trait *** we examine the genetic basis of a spontaneous cuticle defect in silkworm,where larvae exhibit a bamboo-like body shape and decreased *** performed linkage mapping and mutation screening to determine the gene product that affects body shape and coloration *** these mutant larvae we identified a null mutation in BmorCPH24,a gene encoding a cuticular protein with low complexity *** expression analyses showed that BmorCPH24 is expressed in the larval epidermis ***-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of BmorCPH24 produced the abnormal body shape and the inhibited pigment typical of the mutant *** addition,our results showed that BmorCPH24 may be involved in the synthesis of endocuticle and its disruption-induced apoptosis of epidermal cells that accompanied the reduced expression of R＆R-type larval cuticle protein genes and pigmentation gene Wnt1 Strikingly,BmorCPH24,a fast-evolving gene,has evolved a new function responsible for the assembly of silkworm larval cuticle and has evolved to be an indispensable factor maintaining the larval body shape and its coloration *** is the first study to identify a molecule whose pleiotropic function affects the development of body shape and color patterns in insect larvae.

关键词： apoptosis body shape color patterns cuticular protein novel gene

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body shape and coloration of silkworm larvae are influenced by a novel cuticular protein

Body shape and coloration of silkworm larvae are influenced ...

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中国蚕学会第十四届暨国家蚕桑产业技术体系家（柞）蚕遗传育种学术研讨会

作者： Gao Xiong Xiaoling Tong Tingting Gai Chunlin Li Liang Qiao Antónia Monteiro Hai Hu Minjin Han Xin Ding Songyuan Wu Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology College of Biotechnology Southwest University Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture College of Biotechnology Southwest University Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Yale-NUS College

The genetic basis of body shape and coloration patterns on caterpillars is often assumed to be regulated separately, but it is possible that common molecules affect both types of trait simultaneously. Here we examine the genetic basis of a spontaneous cuticle defect in silkworm, where larvae exhibit a bamboo-like body shape and also decreased pigmentation. We performed linkage mapping and mutation screening to determine the gene product that affects body shape and coloration simultaneously. In these mutant larvae we identified a null mutation in BmorCPH24, a gene encoding a cuticular protein with low complexity sequence. Spatiotemporal expression analyses showed that BmorCPH24 is expressed in the larval epidermis post-ecdysis. RNAi-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of BmorCPH24 produced the abnormal body shape and the inhibited pigment typical of the mutant phenotype. In addition, our results showed that BmorCPH24 may be involved in the synthesis of endocuticle and its disruption induced apoptosis of epidermal cells which accompanied the reduced expression of R&R-type larval cuticle protein genes and pigmentation gene Wnt1. Strikingly, BmorCPH24, a fast-evolving gene, has evolved a new function responsible for the assembly of silkworm larval cuticle and has evolved to be an indispensable factor maintaining the larval body shape and its coloration pattern. This is the first study to identify a molecule whose pleiotropic function affects the development of body shape and color patterns in insect larvae.

关键词： body shape color patterns cuticular protein apoptosis novel gene

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Mutation of a cuticular protein,BmorCPR2,alters larval body shape and adaptability in silkworm,Bombyx mori

Mutation of a cuticular protein,BmorCPR2,alters larval body ...

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中国遗传学会第九次全国会员代表大会暨学术研讨会

作者： Qiao Liang Xiong Gao Wang Ri-xin He Song-zhen Chen Jie Tong Xiao-ling Hu Hai Li Chun-lin Gai Ting-ting Xin Ya-qun Liu Xiao-fan Chen Bin Xiang Zhong-huai Lu Cheng Dai Fang-yin State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology:Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest University Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesChongqing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology

Cuticular proteins(CPs) are crucial components of the insect *** numerous genes encoding cuticular proteins have been identified in known insect genomes to date, their functions in maintaining insect body shape and adaptability remain largely *** the current study,positional cloning led to the identification of a gene encoding a RRl-type cuticular protein,BmorCPR2,highly expressed in larval chitin-rich tissues and at the mulberry leaf-eating stages,which is responsible for the silkworm stony *** the Dazao-stony strain,the BmorCPR2 allele is a null mutation with significantly lower expression,compared to the wild-type Dazao *** BmorCPR2 in the stony mutant lost chitin binding ability,leading to reduced chitin content in larval cuticle,limitation of cuticle extension,abatement of cuticle tensile properties,and aberrant ratio between internodes and intersegmental *** variations induce a significant decrease in cuticle capacity to hold the growing internal organs in the larval development process,resulting in whole body stiffness,tightness and hardness,bulging intersegmental folds,and serious defects in larval *** our knowledge,this is the first study to report the corresponding phenotype of stony in insects caused by mutation of RR1-type cuticular *** findings collectively shed light on the specific role of cuticular proteins in maintaining normal larval body shape,and will aid in the development of pest control strategies for the management of Lepidoptera.

关键词： Cuticular protein Silkworm stony mutant body shape Adaptability Chitin

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Defects in a serine protease homologue induce a short and fat body shape in the silkworm,Bombyx mori

Defects in a serine protease homologue induce a short and fa...

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中国蚕学会第九届青年学术研讨会

作者： Rixin Wang Xiaoling Tong Tingting Gai Chunlin Li Liang Qiao Hai Hu Minjin Han Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of AgricultureSouthwest University Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesChongqing Normal University

body shape is one of the most prominent and basic characteristics of organisms and the underlying mechanisms are very complex and have largely unknown until *** insects,abundant variations in body shape between intra-species and inter-species can be *** far,the molecular mechanism of body shape fine-tuning is not well *** the silkworm,the tubby（tub） mutant has an abnormal short fat body shape and the abdomen of tub larvae expands to form a fusiform body ***,this mutant is a good model for studying the molecular mechanisms of body shape *** positional cloning,we identified a gene encoding the serine protease-like protein,Bmscarface,which is associated with the tub *** analysis revealed a specific 312-base-pair deletion from an exon of Bmscarface in the tub *** addition,recombination was not observed between the tub and Bmscarface ***,RNA interference of Bmscarface resulted in the tub-like *** results indicate that Bmscarface is responsible for the tub mutant *** is the first study to report that mutation of a serine protease homologue can induce an abnormal body shape in insects.

关键词： Bmscarface serine protease homologue body shape Silkworm

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A serine protease homologue Bombyx mori scarface induces a short and fat body shape in silkworm

A serine protease homologue Bombyx mori scarface induces a s...

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中国蚕学会第十四届暨国家蚕桑产业技术体系家（柞）蚕遗传育种学术研讨会

作者： Rixin Wang Xiaoling Tong Tingting Gai Chunlin Li Liang Qiao Hai Hu Minjin Han Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Southwest University Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University

body shape is one of the most prominent and basic characteristics of any organism. In insects, abundant variations in body shape can be observed both within and amongst species. However, the molecular mechanism underlying body shape fine-tuning is very complex and has been largely unknown until now. In the silkworm Bombyx mori, the tubby(tub) mutant has an abnormal short fat body shape and the abdomen of tub larvae expands to form a fusiform body shape. Morphological investigation revealed that the body length was shorter and the body width was wider than that of the Dazao strain. Thus, this mutant is a good model for studying the molecular mechanisms of body shape fine-tuning. Using positional cloning, we identified a gene encoding the serine protease homologue, B. mori scarface(Bmscarface), which is associated with the tub phenotype. Sequence analysis revealed a specific 312-bp deletion from an exon of Bmscarface in the tub strain. In addition, recombination was not observed between the tub and Bmscarface loci. Moreover, RNA interference of Bmscarface resulted in the tub-like phenotype. These results indicate that Bmscarface is responsible for the tub mutant phenotype. This is the first study to report that mutation of a serine protease homologue can induce an abnormal body shape in insects.

关键词： body shape serine protease homologue positional cloning Bombyx mori

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NUMERICAL STUDY OF FLOW AROUND AN OSCILLATING DIAMOND PRISM AND CIRCULAR CYLINDER AT LOW KEULEGAN-CARPENTER NUMBER

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第5期24卷 767-775页

作者： GHOZLANI Belgacem HAFSIA Zouhaier MAALEL Khlifa Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis Laboratoire de Modélisation en'Hydraulique et EnvironnementB.P.37.Le Belvédère1002 TunisTunisia

In order to identify the influence of shape comers on the instantaneous forces in the case of oscillating bodies, the simula- ted flow field is compared for two kinds of cross sections： diamond prism and circular cylinder. For these two flow configurations, the same Reynolds number and a Keulegan-Carpenter are considered. To compute the dynamic flow field surrounding the body, the Navier-Stokes transport equations in a non-inertial reference frame attached to the body are considered. Hence, a source term is added locally to the momentum equation to take into account the body acceleration. The proposed model is solved using the PHOENICS code. For the oscillating circular cylinder, the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental data availa- ble in the litterature. After validation of this proposed model, flow field for diamond prism is determined. For both bodies, the pro- cess of the vortex formation is similar, with the formation of a recirculation zone in the near-wake containing a symmetric pair of vortices of equal strength and opposite rotation. The length of recirculation zone varies approximately linearly with time. However, the in-line force coefficient of the oscillating diamond prism is found to be greatest, since the recirculation zone is longer compared with that of the oscillating circular cylinder.

关键词： oscillating cylinder diamond prism body shape non-inertial frame numerical simulation in-line and transverse forcecoefficient

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Surface area-volume ratios in insects

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 829-841页

作者： Sara Kuhsel Adrian Bruckner Sebastian Schmelzle Michael Heethoff Nico Bluthgen Department of Biology Technische Universitat Darmstadt Schnittspahnstrasse 3 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany

body mass, volume and surface area are important for many aspects of the physiology and performance of species. Whereas body mass scaling received a lot of attention in the literature, surface areas of animals have not been measured explicitly in this context. We quantified surface area-volume （SA/V） ratios for the first time using 3D surface models based on a structured light scanning method for 126 species of pollinating insects from 4 orders （Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera）. Water loss of 67 species was measured gravimetrically at very dry conditions for 2 h at 15 and 30 ℃ to demonstrate the applicability of the new 3D surface measurements and relevance for predicting the performance of insects. Quantified SA/V ratios significantly explained the variation in water loss across species, both directly or after accounting for isometric scaling （residuals of the SA/V - mass2/3 relationship）. Small insects with a proportionally larger surface area had the highest water loss rates. Surface scans of insects to quantify allometric SA/Vratios thus provide a promising method to predict physiological responses, improving the potential of body mass isometry alone that assume geometric similarity.

关键词： body size body shape 3D surface imaging sphericity structured light water loss

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