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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第2期19卷 223-229页

作者： Qing Liu Yuan-Fei Zhou Run-Jia Duan Hong-Kui Wei Jian Peng Si-Wen jiang Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P. R. China The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 E R. China

这研究被瞄准在雄野猪在膜性质和精子的活动性特征上评估饮食的 n-6:n-3 比率和维生素 E 的效果。四十只 Duroc 雄野猪随机被散布在一 2 ? 慨湲獥吗？

关键词： boar dietary n-6:n-3 ratio fatty acid composition lipid peroxidation membrane properties motility characteristics Vitamin E

Flooding as a cause of ungulate mortality in floodplain forests in Croatia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 1045-1052页

作者： Damir Ugarkovic Nikica Sprem Nikolina Kelava Ugarkovic Milan Orsanic Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska 2510002 ZagrebCroatia Department of Fisheries BeekeepingGame Management and Special ZoologyFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska cesta 2510002 ZagrebCroatia Department of Animal Science and Technology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska cesta 2510002 ZagrebCroatia

Floodplain forests with regular flooding regimes are the largest natural retentions areas in Croatia and are important as natural habitats for ungulates.The aim of this study was to determine the scale of mortality caused by flooding within these forests.Over a 10-year period,data on ungulate mortality(red deer,roe deer and wild boar),flood duration and flooded surface area were recorded.The study was conducted in primary(Posavske Sume—RET I)and secondary(Opeke II—RET II)retention areas within Lonjsko Polje Nature Park(Sava River region,Croatia).The longest flood period and the largest flooded surface area were recorded in RET I.Total ungulate mortality was749 individuals,with 482 individuals in RET I and 267 individuals in RET II,predominantly wild boar.Flood mortality did not differ by gender.The highest mortality of wild boar was recorded for the juvenile and yearling ageclasses.Low mortality of red and roe deer can be attributed to their body size and ecological niches.Differences in mortality between the primary and secondary retention areas corresponded to differences in flood regimes,flood column heights and micro relief structures.In both retention areas,wild boar mortality and flood duration,i.***.flooded surface area,were positively correlated.Because the growth rate of the analysed ungulate populations was higher than the recorded mortality,no long-term effect of floods is expected on species abundance in these areas.

关键词： Floods Floodplain forests Mortality Red deer Roe deer Wild boar

Gene expression changes in spleens of the wildlife reservoir species,Eurasian wild boar(Sus scrofa),naturally infected with Brucella suis biovar 2

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第11期37卷 725-736页

作者： Ruth C.Galindo Pilar M.Muoz María J.de Miguel Clara M.Marin Javier Labairu Miguel Revilla José M.Blasco Christian Gortazar José de la Fuente Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC(CSIC-UCLM-JCCM) Unidad de Sanidad Animal Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria(CITA) ITG Ganadero Avda. Serapio Huici 2231610 VillabaNavarraSpain Departamento de Patología Animal Facultad de VeterinariaUniversity of Zaragoza Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Center for Veterinary Health SciencesOklahoma State University

Brucella suis is responsible for swine brucellosis worldwide. Of the five different B. suis biovars （by.）, bv. 2 appears restricted to Europe where it is frequently isolated from wild boar and hares, can infect pigs and can cause human brucellosis. In this study, the differ- ential gene expression profile was characterized in spleens of Eurasian wild boar naturally infected with B. suis bv. 2. Of the 20,201 genes analyzed in the microarray, 633 and 1,373 were significantly （fold change 〉 1.8; P 〈 0.01） upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in infected wild boar. The analysis was focused on genes that were over represented after conditional test for biological process gene ontology. Upregulated genes suggested that B. suis bv. 2 infection induced cell maturation, migration and/or proliferation in infected animals. The genes downregulated in infected wild boar impaired the activity of several important cellular metabolic pathways such as metabolism, cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis, immune response and lysosomal function and vesicle-mediated transport. In addition, the response to stress, sperm fertility, muscle development and apoptosis seemed to be also impaired in infected animals. These results suggested that B. suis bv. 2 may use strategies similar to other smooth brucellae to facilitate intracellular multiplication and the development of chronic infections. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the analysis of gene expression profile in hosts infected with B. suis bv. 2, which is important to understand the molecular mechanisms at the host-pathogen interface in the main reservoir species with possible implications in the zoonotic cycle of the pathogen.

关键词： Brucella suis boar genomics microarray systems biology

GSTM3, but not IZUMO1, is a cryotolerance marker of boar sperm

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 931-941页

作者： Marc Llavanera Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes Sandra Recuero Yentel Mateo Sergi Bonet Isabel Barranco Marc Yeste Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (Techno Sperm) Unit of Cell Biology Department of Biology Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology University of Girona

Background: Cryopreservation is currently the most efficient method for long-term preservation of mammalian gametes and is extensively used in swine artificial insemination(AI) centres. However, it is well-known that cryopreservation procedures induce changes in the water phase in both intra and extracellular compartments,which alter the content and localisation of several proteins and ends up curtailing the structural integrity of functional sperm(i.e., cryoinjuries). Alterations and deficiencies of sperm-oocyte binding proteins during gamete recognition are one of the causes of reproductive failure both in vitro and in vivo. In this sense, characterisation of cryopreservation effects upon oocyte-binding proteins of sperm, such as IZUMO1 and GSTM3, is essential when assessing the impact of this technique in swine reproduction.Results: Cryopreservation was found to induce changes in the localisation of IZUMO1 and GSTM3 in boar sperm.However, the relative content of both proteins was not altered after thawing. Furthermore, whereas IZUMO1 content was found not to be related to the cryotolerance of boar sperm, GSTM3 content was observed to be higher in poor(PFE) than in good(GFE) freezability ejaculates in both pre-frozen(1.00 INT·mm^2± 0.14 INT·mm^2 vs.0.72 INT·mm^2± 0.15 INT·mm^2;P boar spermatozoa. Furthermore, both IZUMO1 and GSTM3 relocate during cryopreservation, which could contribute to the reduced fertilising capacity of frozen-thawed boar sperm.

关键词： boar Cryopreservation GSTM3 IZUMO1 ROS Sperm

Aquaglyceroporins but not orthodox aquaporins are involved in the cryotolerance of pig spermatozoa

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 20-31页

作者： Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez Marc Llavanera Leira Fernández-Bastit Sandra Recuero Yentel Mateo-Otero Sergi Bonet Isabel Barranco Beatriz Fernández-Fuertes Marc Yeste Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(TechnoSperm) Unit of Cell BiologyDepartment of BiologyFaculty of SciencesInstitute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaC/Maria Aurèlia Campany69Campus MontiliviE-17003 GironaSpain

Background:Aquaporins(AQPs)are a family of transmembrane water channels that includes orthodox AQPs,aquaglyceroporins(GLPs)and super AQPs.AQP3,AQP7,AQP9 and AQP11 have been identified in boar sperm,and they are crucial for sperm maturation and osmoregulation.Water exchange is an important event in cryopreservation,which is the most efficient method for long-term storage of sperm.However,the freezethaw process leads to sperm damage and a loss of fertilizing potential.Assuming that the quality of frozenthawed sperm partially depends on the regulation of osmolality variations during this process,AQPs might play a crucial role in boar semen freezability.In this context,the aim of this study was to unravel the functional relevance of the different groups of AQPs for boar sperm cryotolerance through three different inhibitors.Results:Inhibition of different groups of AQPs was found to have different effects on boar sperm cryotolerance.Whereas the use of 1,3-propanediol(PDO),an inhibitor of orthodox AQPs and GLPs,decreased total motility(Pboar sperm freezability.Moreover,the positive effect of PDO on sperm quality suggests a cryoprotective role for this molecule.

关键词： Acetazolamide Aquaporins boar Phloretin Propanediol Sperm

Nanotechnology-based approach for safer enrichment of semen with best spermatozoa

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 390-401页

作者： Casey L.Durfey Sabrina E.Swistek Shengfa F.Liao Mark A.Crenshaw Henry J.Clemente Rooban V.K.G.Thirumalai Christy S.Steadman Peter L.Ryan Scott T.Willard Jean M.Feugang Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Biochemistry Molecular BiologyEntomology and Plant PathologyMississippi StateMSUSA Clemente Associates MadisonCTUSA Institute of Imaging and Analytic Technology(I2AT) Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine Biochemistry Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA.

Background: Advances in nanotechnology have permitted molecular-based targeting of cells through safe and biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles(MNP). Their use to detect and remove damaged spermatozoa from semen doses could be of great interest. Here, MNP were synthesized and tested for their ability to target apoptotic(annexin V) and acrosome-reacted(lectin) boar spermatozoa, for high-throughout retrieval in a magnetic field(nanoselection). The potential impacts of nanoselection on sperm functions and performance of offspring sired by sperm subjected to nanoselection were determined. Fresh harvested and extended boar semen was mixed with various amounts(0, 87.5, and 175 μg) of MNP-conjugates(Annexin V-MNP or Lectin-MNP) and incubated(10 to15 min) for 37 °C in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, extended semen was mixed with optimal concentrations of MNP-conjugates and incubated(0, 30, 90, or 120 min). In Exp. 3, the synergistic effects of both MNP-conjugates(87.5 μg– 30 min)on spermatozoa was evaluated, followed by sperm fertility assessments through pregnancy of inseminated gilts and performance of neonatal offspring. Sperm motion, viability, and morphology characteristics were evaluated in all experiments.Results: Transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and hyperspectral imaging techniques were used to confirm attachment of MNP-conjugates to damaged spermatozoa. The motility of nanoselected spermatozoa was improved(P boar sperm, as assessed by the abundance of reactive oxygen species and the integrity of the acrosome, plasma membrane, and mitochondrial membrane was not different between nanoselected and control spermatozoa. The fertility of gilts inseminated with control or nanoselected spermatozoa, as well as growth and health of their offspring were not different between(P > 0.05).Conclusions: The findings revealed the benefit of magnetic nanoselection for high-throughput targeting of damaged sperm, for removal and rapid and effortless enrichment of semen doses with highly motile,

关键词： Acrosome reaction Apoptosis Artificial insemination boar Iron oxide nanoparticles Nanopurification Nanoselection Nanotechnology Reproduction Swine

Manipulation of bicarbonate concentration in sperm capacitation media improves in vitro fertilisation output in porcine species

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 375-389页

作者： Cristina Soriano-úbeda Jon Romero-Aguirregomezcorta Carmen Matás Pablo E.Visconti Francisco A.García-Vázquez Department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary ScienceInternational Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research“Campus Mare Nostrum”University of Murcia30100 MurciaSpain Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia(IMIB-Arrixaca) MurciaSpain Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioaBizkaiaSpain.4Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA.

Background: The in vivo concentration of bicarbonate(HCO3-), one of the essential sperm capacitating effectors,varies greatly in the different environments sperm go through from cauda epididymis to the fertilisation site. On the contrary, porcine in vitro sperm capacitation and fertilisation media usually contains a standard concentration of25 mmol/L, and one of the main problems presented is the unacceptable high incidence of polyspermy. This work hypothesised that by modifying the HCO3-concentration of the medium, the output of in vitro sperm capacitation and fertilisation could be increased.Results: Once exposed to the capacitation medium, the intracellular pH(pHi) of spermatozoa increased immediately even at low concentrations of HCO3-, but only extracellular concentrations of and above 15 mmol/L increased the substrates protein kinase A phosphorylation(pPKAs). Although with a significant delay, 15 mmol/L of HCO3-stimulated sperm linear motility and increased other late events in capacitation such as tyrosine phosphorylation(Tyr-P) to levels similar to those obtained with 25 mmol/L. This information allowed the establishment of a new in vitro fertilisation(IVF)system based on the optimization of HCO3-concentration to 15 mmol/L, which led to a 25.3% increment of the viable zygotes(8.6% in the standard system vs. 33.9%).Conclusions: Optimising HCO3-concentrations allows for establishing an IVF method that significantly reduced porcine polyspermy and increased the production of viable zygotes. A concentration of 15 mmol/L of HCO3-in the medium is sufficient to trigger the in vitro sperm capacitation and increase the fertilisation efficiency in porcine.

关键词： Adcy10 boar Monospermy PKA

Conflict between wild boars(Sus scrofa) and farmers:distribution, impacts,and suggestions for management of wild boars in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2404-2416页

作者： LIU Qin YAN Kun LU Ya-feng LI Ming YAN Yang-yang Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station WanzhouChongqing404020China College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Economic losses caused by wild boars(Sus scrofa)continue to increase in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.We selected 206 farmers in Wuqiaohe Basin as survey respondents using random stratified sampling.The distribution and impacts of wild boars were examined using a questionnaire survey and spatial analysis.The results showed that:(1)The density of farmer settlements is low and most peasants’households are located on the forest edge.Due to large-scale labor migration,a high proportion of farmland(25.85%)has been abandoned and an even higher proportion of farmland(40.48%)has been returned to forest.(2)The probability of wild boar damage to peasant households was 67.96%.Yields of corn and sweet potato decreased by 24.87%and 28.24%,respectively,with a total economic loss of approximately 2,590,100 RMB/yr in the Wuqiaohe basin.Sixty-five percent of the affected cultivatedlands were located within approximately 150 m of the forest edges.(3)The wild boar damage coefficient was significantly and negatively correlated with the distance between the peasants’household and the forest edge,the density of the settlements,and the area of cultivated land.The wild boar damage coefficient shows a significant positive correlation with the area of farmland returned to forest.(4)The damage activity caused by wild boars began to occur7-8 years ago,and the destruction has been more frequently and seriously observed in the last 4-5 years.(5)We make suggestions for wild boar control and management measures including developing a compensation policy.The compensation standard is related to the land area returning from farmland to forests and the actual cultivated land area.

关键词： Distribution features Economic loss Management Three Gorges Reservoir Area Wild boar

Correlation of Evaluation Methods on boar Semen Quality

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2013年第5期5卷 232-235页

作者： WU Cai-hong YAO Jing ZHANG Bin FU Hai-ke YANG Zhi-fen LI Kai SHENG Qiang Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Jiangsu Jianquhai Pig Breeding Farm Jiangsu Wuxi Agricultural Technology Promotion Center

To explore the correlation of evaluation methods on boar semen quality, the motility, PI staining, hypotonic swelling test, Rh123 staining and FITC- PNA staining of boar sperm were checked in the study, and its correlation with IVF was statistically calculated. The results showed that various indicators had strong linear correlation with each other, and the correlation degree between acrosome integrity and IVF rate was the highest, indicating that acrosome integrity was supedor to other indicators in predicting IVF rate.

关键词： boar Semen Evaluation method Correlation

=actors influencing wild boar damage to agricultural crops in Sardinia （Italy）

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 507-514页

作者： Marco LOMBARDINI Alberto MERIGGI Alberto FOZZL Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 1 27100 Pavia Italy Province of Olbia-Tempio Via A. Nanni 17/19 07026 01bia Italy

Crop damage by wildlife is a frequent source of human-wildlife conflict. Understanding which fac-tors increase the risk of damage is crucial to the development of effective management strategies.The aims of this study were to provide a general description of agricultural damage caused by wildboar Sus scrofa meridionalis over a 7-year period in North-eastern Sardinia （Mediterranean Italy）,and to formulate a predictive model of damage risk. We recorded a total of 221 cases of wild boardamage, with economic losses amounting to 483,982 Euros. Damage events mostly involved vine-yards, meadows and oat fields, and were characterized by a peak incidence in summer and earlyautumn, and a minimum in spring. Damaged fields were characterized by an increasing presenceof permanent crops, a decreasing presence of woodlands, maquis and urban areas, and a reduceddistance from shelter areas （forests and shrublands）. The analysis of spatiotemporal variation ofboar-induced damage and the identification of factors that augment the risk of damage providesessential information for contributing to the development of a more effective plan for managingwild boar populations.

关键词： Human-wildlife conflict, Sus scrofa meridionalis, risk modelling, landscape structure, wild boar management.