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Efficacy of Reduced-Risk Insecticides to Control Flower Thrips in Early-Season blueberries and Their Effect on <i>Orius insidiosus</i>, a Natural Enemy of Flower Thrips

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第5期8卷 356-370页

作者： Oscar E. Liburd Hector Alejandro Arevalo Elena M. Rhodes Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Flower thrips are one of the key pests in production of southern highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. × V. darrowi Camp). They feed on the reproductive parts of the flower and reduce yield. Very few insecticides are available to manage thrips population. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate pre-existing and experimental insecticides for their efficacy against thrips. There is also a high demand for reduced-risk insecticides that are less toxic to beneficial insects and the environment. In this study, a number of conventional and reduced-risk insecticides were evaluated against flower thrips on farms in Florida and Georgia and in the laboratory. The best performing insecticides were also evaluated in the laboratory for their effects on Orius insidiosus Say, which is a common thrips’ predator in Florida. Assail 70WP (Acetamiprid) and SpinTor 2SC (Spinosad) were the most promising insecticides in reducing thrips numbers in the field as well as in laboratory experiments. SpinTor 2SC killed all of the thrips in laboratory arenas within 4 hours of application and showed low toxicity toward O. insidiosus. All of the compounds tested performed as well as the conventional pesticide malathion.

关键词： blueberries Flower Thrips Frankliniella Insecticides Orius insidiosus

Validation of a SPME-GC Method for Azoxystrobin and Pyraclostrobin in blueberries, and Their Degradation Kinetics

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第11期5卷 964-974页

作者： Martín S. Munitz Silvia L. Resnik María I. T. Montti Silvia Visciglio Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos Concordia Argentina Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica Buenos Aires Argentina Departamentos de Química Orgánica e Industrias Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires La Plata Argentina

Analytical method for the residues of strobilurins azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin in blueberries was developed. Fungicide residues were determined by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) cou-pled to gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detector. The effect of pH values and fiber coatings were studied. The SPME fiber coating selected was 100 μm PDMS. The method is selective with adequate precision and high accuracy and sensitivity. Recoveries ranged within the 100% - 106% range for azoxystrobin, and 96% - 106% range for pyraclostrobin;and detection and quantification limits were 2.0 and 6.0 μg/kg for azoxystrobin, and 26.0 and 86.0 μg/kg for py-raclostrobin, respectively. Statistical parameters indicated the occurrence of matrix effect;con-sequently calibration was performed on spiked samples. Degradation of azoxystrobin and pyra-clostrobin was studied in blueberry fields located in Concordia, Argentina, with fruits from Emerald and Jewel varieties. The degradation of these fungicides in both blueberry varieties studied followed a first order rate kinetics, and the half-life for azoxystrobin was 11.6 and 17.8 days for Emerald and Jewel cultivars;and for pyraclostrobin was 5.5 and 8.0 days, respectively.

关键词： blueberries Azoxystrobin Pyraclostrobin Degradation Kinetics SPME/GC

Major Diseases and Pests of Blueberry in Guizhou Province and Progress in Their Prevention and Control

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第3期15卷 1-4,7页

作者： Yanling REN Shoumei WAN Tao WANG Min ZHANG Lidan MA Zhi LI Youwen TIAN Haibin FU Xingning WANG Jing PENG Lingling XIAO Dandan LU Jinyu ZHAO Guizhou Institute of Light Industry Gui an 550025China Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110866China Dandong Customs Comprehensive Technical Service Center Dandong 118000China Guiyang Customs Comprehensive Technology Center Guiyang 550002China Shenyang Customs Technology Center Shenyang 110866China

As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of the principal types of blueberry diseases and pests in Guizhou Province,along with the corresponding control measures,in order to serve as a valuable reference for blueberry growers.

关键词： blueberries Diseases and pests Prevention and control Guizhou Province

Nondestructive Determination of Moisture Content in Dry Fruits by Impedance and Phase Angle Measurements

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Journal of Sensor Technology 2015年第4期5卷 73-80页

作者： Chari V. Kandala Ron Holser Jaya Sundaram Naveen Puppala National Peanut Research Laboratory USDA Dawson GA USA Russell Research Center USDA Athens GA USA Faculty of Engineering University of Georgia Athens GA USA Clovis Center New Mexico State University Clovis NM USA

An electronic method to estimate the moisture content (MC) of dry fruits by measuring the impedance (Z) and phase angle (θ) of a cylindrical parallel-plate capacitor with dry fruit sample between the plates, using a CI meter (Chari’s Impedance meter) at 1 and 9 MHz is described. Capacitance C was derived from Z and θ, and using the C, θ, and Z values of a set of dried cherries, whose MC values were later determined by the vacuum hot air-oven method, a calibration equation was developed. Using this equation, and their measured C, θ, and Z values, the MC of a group of cherries, not used in the calibration, was predicted. The predicted values were compared with their air-oven values. Similar predictions were done using the same method on dried blueberries. The method worked well with a good R2 value, and showed a low standard error of prediction (SEP) in the measured MC range between 5% and 30% for cherries, and 9% and 22% for blueberries.

关键词： Cherries blueberries CI Meter Moisture Content Capacitance Impedance Dry Fruits

Blueberry Extract Reduces Oxidative Stress in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第3期10卷 145-152页

作者： Raul Francisco Pastor Gonzalez E Cassini M. S. Pastor I Saure M Saavedra E. Siman Menem M. I. Drago S Iermoli R. H InternalMedicineIVChair HospitaldeClinicas"JosddeSanMartin"UniversityofBuenosAiresBuenosAiresArgentina CentrodeDiagn6sticoMolecularS.A.(MolecularDiagnosisCenter) BuenosAiresArgentina CESAN(CentrodeEndocrinologia SaludAlimentaci6nyNutricidn)CenterforEndocrinologyHealthEatingandNutritionBuenosAiresArgentina

Oxidative stress is a health condition that could potentially harm the patient, and it is defined as the lack of balance between the production of oxygen free radicals, which rises, and antioxidant defenses, which are in decrease. Metabolic syndrome implies a variety of risk factors that are based on abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Moreover, the importance of metabolic syndrome is emphasized due to the fact that it presents an increase in oxidative stress, which is produced by the sum of alterations that each risk factor produces within the metabolic syndrome pathology. Reducing oxidative stress in these patients is currently one of the most interesting challenges of cardiovascular and metabolic therapeutics, because it is a molecular biology alteration that is not generally diagnosed and, therefore, not treated. The increasing incidence of overweight and obesity cause an increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, thus turning into a huge problem that keeps growing at alarming proportions. This syndrome＇s incidence oscillates between 20 and 40%, depending on the gender, age, ethnic group, and diagnostic criteria used for the definition of the disease. Prospective studies show that metabolic syndrome doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease and causes a five-fold increase in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. With the aim of decreasing the oxidative stress caused by metabolic syndrome, we investigated the effect of antioxidant protection in DNA repair and cell membranes through the use of blueberry extract, which is the fruit with the highest antioxidant capacity, in patients with metabolic syndrome. Thirty patients were studied for a period of 6 months of intervention, and it could be demonstrated that they showed a highly significant decrease in the damage produced to the DNA, which was measured by the urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2＇-deoxyguanosine （8-OHdG） and the damage caused to the vascular endothelium and cell membranes, which was meas

关键词： Metabolic syndrome urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress blueberries antioxidants.