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Production of high-purity hydrogen from paper recycling black liquor via sorption enhanced steam reforming

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Green Energy & Environment 2021年第5期6卷 771-779页

作者： Hanke Li Shijie Wu Chengxiong Dang Guangxing Yang Yonghai Cao Hongjuan Wang Feng Peng Hao Yu State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China

Environmentally friendly and energy saving treatment of black liquor(BL),a massively produced waste in Kraft papermaking process,still remains a big ***,by adopting a NieCaOeCa_(12)Al_(14)O_(33) bifunctional catalyst derived from hydrotalcite-like materials,we demonstrate the feasibility of producing high-purity H_(2)(~96%)with 0.9 mol H_(2) mol^(-1) C yield via the sorption enhanced steam reforming(SESR)of *** SESRBL performance in terms of H_(2) production maintained stable for 5 cycles,but declined from the 6th ***,Raman spectroscopy,elemental analysis and energy dispersive techniques were employed to rationalize the deactivation of the *** was revealed that gradual sintering and agglomeration of Ni and CaO and associated coking played important roles in catalyst deactivation and performance degradation of SESRBL,while deposition of Na and K from the BL might also be responsible for the declined *** the other hand,it was demonstrated that the SESRBL process could effectively reduce the emission of sulfur species by storing it as CaSO_(3).Our results highlight a promising alternative for BL treatment and H_(2) production,thereby being beneficial for pollution control and environment governance in the context of mitigation of climate change.

关键词： black liquor High-purity hydrogen Sorption enhanced steam reforming Sulfur removal

Treatment of black liquor from the papermaking industry by acidification and reuse

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第5期15卷 697-700页

作者： YANG Wen bo, MU Huan zhen, HUANG Yan chu (Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 Chin

Two different kinds of black liquor from the papermaking industry were treated by acidification and reuse. The experimental parameters and conditions were discussed in detail. The experimental results indicated that the treatment process mentioned in this article is an effective process for the treatment of black liquor from the papermaking industry. By the treatment, the solid materials in black liquor are transferred into two by products and the other components are reused or evaporated. Thus, no wastewater except some condensation water would be discharged in pulping process and the problem of pollution of black liquor would be effectively solved.

关键词： black liquor acidification reuse lignin water reducing agent

Novel Magnetically Interconnected Micro/Macroporous Structure of Monolithic Porous Carbon Adsorbent Derived from Sodium Alginate and Wasted black liquor and Its Adsorption Performance

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第6期9卷 1059-1074页

作者： Parichart Onsri Decha Dechtrirat Patcharakamon Nooeaid Apiluck Eiad-ua Pongsaton Amornpitoksuk Supanna Techasakul Ahmad Taufiq Laemthong Chuenchom Division of Physical Science Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla90112Thailand Department of Materials Science Faculty of ScienceKasetsart UniversityBangkok10900Thailand Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials for Agriculture and Industry(RPM) Faculty of ScienceKasetsart UniversityBangkok10900Thailand Laboratory of Organic Synthesis Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkok10210Thailand Division of Polymer Materials Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and TechnologySrinakharinwirot UniversityNakhon Nayok26120Thailand College of Nanotechnology King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology LadkrabangBangkok10520Thailand Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla90112Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia

The novel and facile preparation of magnetically interconnected micro/macroporous structure of monolithic porous carbon adsorbent(MPCA)were designed and presented *** synthesis was achieved via conventional freezedrying and pyrolysis *** this study,sodium alginate and wasted black liquor were employed as starting *** alginate acts as a template of materials,whereas black liquor,the wasted product from the paper industry with plentiful of lignin content and alkaline solution,played an essential role in the reinforcement and activation of porosity for the resulting ***,both the precursors were well dissolved in Fe^(3+) solution,providing a simple addition of a magnetic source in a one-pot *** interconnected micro/macroporous structures were generated through freeze-drying and,subsequently the pyrolysis *** obtained cylindricalshaped monolithic porous carbon adsorbent(MPCA-700)showed high mechanical stability,a high BET specific surface area(902 m^(2)/g).Such aforementioned features were considered suitable to make the synthesized monolith as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal *** maximum adsorption capacity of MPCA-700 towards Pb^(2+) ions was 76.34 mg/g at pH *** adsorption studies illustrated that adsorption kinetics and isotherm perfectly fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm,*** work presents a promising protocol to reduce the overall costs in the preparation of renewable adsorbents with good adsorption efficiency and regeneration.

关键词： Hierarchical porous carbon monoliths magnetic properties adsorption alginate black liquor

Hydraulic and carbonizing actions of sulfuric acid to straw pulp and paper black liquor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1995年第1期7卷 101-106页

作者： Yang Runchang Zhou Shutian Department of Chenucal Engineering,Xiangtan Univetsity,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan Province,China

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关键词： straw pulp peper black liquor sulfuric acid.

Investigation on Steam Gasification of High-metamorphous Anthracite Using Mixed black liquor and Calcium Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2008年第4期16卷 575-583页

作者： Gul-e-Rana JAFFRI 张济宇 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

The catalytic effects of single and mixed catalysts, i.e. single 3%Ca and 5%Na-BL（black liquor） catalysts and mixed 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL catalyst, on carbon conversion, gasification reaction rate constant and activation energy, relative amount of harmful pollutant like sulphur containing gases have been investigated by thermogravimetry in steam gasification under temperature 750℃ to 950℃ at ambient pressure for three high-metarnorphous anthracites （Longyan, Fenghai and Youxia coals in Fujian Province）. The mixed catalyst of 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL increases greatly the carbon conversion and gasification rate constant by accelerating the gasification reaction C＋H2O→CO＋H2 due to presence of alkali surfacecompounds [COM], [CO2M] and exchanged calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylate （-COO）2. By adding CaCO3 into BL catalyst in gasification, in addition to improving the catalyst function and enhancing the carbon conversion, the effective desulphurization is also achieved, but the better operating temperature should be below 900℃. The homogenous and shrinking core models can be successfully employed to correlate the relations between the conversion and the gasification .time .and to estimate the reaction rate constant, The reaction acUvaUon energy and pre-exponential factor are estimated and the activation energy for mixed catalyst is in a range of 98.72-166.92 kJ·mol^-1, much less than 177.50-196.46 kJ·mol^-1 for non-catalytic steam gasification for three experimental coals.

关键词： mixed catalyst calcium black liquor thermogravimetry steam gasification kinetics sulphur containing gas

Catalytic Activity of the black liquor and Calcium Mixture in CO2 Gasification of Fujian Anthracite

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2007年第5期15卷 670-679页

作者： Gul-e-Rana JAFFRI 张济宇 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

CO2 gasification of Fuijian high-metamorphous anthracite with black liquor （BL） and/or mixture of BL and calcium stuff （BL＋Ca） as catalyst was studied by using a thermogravimetry under 750-950℃ at ambient pressure. When the coal was impregnated with an appropriate quantity of Ca and BL mixture, the catalytic activity of CO2 gasification was enhanced obviously. With a loading of 8%Na-BL＋2%Ca, the carbon conversion of three coal samples tested reaches up to 92.9%-99.3% at 950℃ within 30min. The continuous formation of alkali surface compounds such as （[-COM], [-CO2M]） and the presence of exchanged Ca, such as calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylates （COO）2Ca, contribute to the increase in catalytic efficiency, and using BL＋Ca is more efficient than that adding BL only, The homogeneous model and shrinking-core model were applied to correlate the data of conversion with time and to estimate the reaction rate constants under different temperature. The corresponding reaction activation energy （Ea） and pre-exponential factor of three anthracites were estimated. It is found that Ea is in the range from 73.6 to 121.4kJ·mol^-1 in the case of BL＋Ca, and 74.3 to 104.2kJ·mol^-1 when only BL was used as the catalyst, both of which are much less than that from 143.5 to 181.4kJ·mol^-1 if no catalyst used. It is clearly demonstrated that both of BL＋Ca mixture and BL could be the source of cheap and effective catalyst for coal gasification.

关键词： thermogravimetry black liquor calcium catalytic gasification high-metamorphous anthracite reaction kinetics

DECOMPOSITION OF black liquor BY ULTRASOUND PROCESS

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Chinese Journal of Reactive Polymers 2004年第1期13卷 22-28页

作者： WUXiaohui ZHOUShan LUXiaohua Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Ultrasound (US)-induced cavitation is an effective way in oxidizing organic contaminants in wastewater either as the independent operation unit or in combination with other oxidation methods. In this paper, black liquor and filtrate after acidifying and settling were sonicated. The effect of working parameters on ultrasonic degradation of black liquor, such as different combination methods, frequency, power supply, initial concentration, pH, duration time, ionic strength and catalyst were studied. The results were as follows: (1) At the conditions of 40kHz, 100W, 4h, pH at 6 and temperature 30?℃, utilizing US/US-H2O2/US-Fenton, weak-orange filtrate turned to colloid with the increase of time and little sediment produced after settling. Especially filtrate came to be milk white collides and upper water approached to nearly achromatic by US-Fenton. Compared with the US, US-H2O2/US-Fenton COD (Chemical oxidation demand) removal ratio can increase 15%, 30% respectively. Because of more hydroxyl radicals produced in the reaction process; (2) At the condition of 100W and 4h, the degradation efficiency of black liquor was better at 40kHz over at 20kHz. Moreover black liquor can be biodegraded easily. Those based on that the big molecule of contaminants in aqueous solution can be changed into the little molecule with ultrasound (3) At the condition of 40kHz and 4h, the COD removal ratio of black liquor was more higher at 60W than at 80W, while the removal ratio of COD at 60W was nearly close to the ratio at 100W; (4) The initial concentration of black liquor influenced the effect of sonochemical degradation; (5) The variation of pH had no effect on degradation; (6) The longer the duration time, the greater the removal ratio of COD. But this ratio increased slowly after 4h; (7) Adding 0.2g/L NaCl to change the ionic strength of the black liquor, the COD removal ratio can increase 10%; (8) The degradation rates increased by the coexistent catalysts of TiO2, Co2+ and Ag+.

关键词： Ultrasound (US) black liquor Degradation Different combination methods.

DECOMPOSITION OF black liquor BY ULTRASOUND PROCESS

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Chinese Journal of Reactive Polymers 2004年第Z1期 22-28页

作者： WU Xiaohui ZHOU Shan LU Xiaohua** Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

关键词： Ultrasound (US) black liquor Degradation Different combination methods.

Lignin Extraction from black liquor and its Application Prospects in Pulp Mills

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Paper And Biomaterials 2016年第2期1卷 45-50页

作者： FuMing Jin ShuBin Wu School of Light Industry and Food Sciences South China University of Technology China Light Industry International Engineering Co. Ltd

This paper summarizes the possible application of lignin extraction from black liquor and the development of lignin extraction *** extraction from black liquor is an important,economical method to resolve the bottleneck associated with the recovery boiler and achieve the targeted capacity expansion in pulp mills.A few of key issues must be taken into cosideration when lignin extraction technology is adopted on the industrial scale.

关键词： alkali lignin black liquor capacity expansion bottleneck pulp mill