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Efects of physical and chemical characteristics of surface sediments in the formation of shallow lake algae-induced black bloom

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第12期25卷 2353-2360页

作者： Qiushi Shen Cheng Liu Qilin Zhou Jingge Shang Lei Zhang ChengXin Fan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Surface sediments are closely related to lake black blooms. The dissolved oxygen （DO） distribution and its penetration depth in surface sediments as well as the migration and transformation of redox sensitive elements such as Fe and S at the sediment-water interface are important factors that could influence the formation of the black bloom. In this study, dredged and undredged sediment cores with different surface properties were used to simulate black blooms in the laboratory. The Micro Profiling System was employed to explore features of the DO and ∑H2S distribution at the sediment-water interface. Physical and chemical characteristics in sediments and pore waters were also analyzed. The results showed that sediment dredging effectively suppressed the black blooms. In the undredged treatment, DO penetration depth was only 50 μm. Fe^2＋ concentrations, ∑H2S concentrations, and ∑H2S production rates were remarkably higher in surface sediments and pore waters compared to control and dredged treatments. Furthermore, depletion of DO and accumulation of Fe^2＋ and ∑H2S in surface sediments and pore waters provided favorable redox environments and necessary material sources for the blooms. The study results proved that physical and chemical characteristics in surface sediments are important factors in the formation of the black bloom, and could provide scientific guidance for emergency treatment and long-term pre-control of black blooms.

关键词： black bloom sediment-water interface dredging sediment micro interface lake

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Sulfur-containing amino acid methionine as the precursor of volatile organic sulfur compounds in algea-induced black bloom

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 33-43页

作者： Xin Lu Chengxin Fan Wei He Jiancai Deng Hongbin Yin State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

After the application of methionine, a progressive and significant increase occurred in five volatile organic sulfur compounds （VOSCs）： methanethiol （MESH）, dimethyl sulfide （DMS）, dime^yl disulfide （DMDS）, dimethyl trisulfide （DMTS） and dimethyl tetrasulfide （DMTeS）. Even in the untreated control without a methionine addition, methionine and its catabolites （VOSCs, mainly DMDS） were found in considerable amounts that were high enough to account for the water＇s offensive odor. However, blackening only occurred in two methionine-amended treatments. The VOSCs production was observed to precede black color development, and the reaching of a peak value for total VOSCs was often followed by water blackening. The presence of glucose stimulated the degradation of methionine while postponing the occurrence of the black color and inhibiting the production of VOSCs. In addition, DMDS was found to be the most abundant species produced after the addition of methionine alone, and DMTeS appeared to be the most important compound produced after the addition of methionine＋glucose. These results suggest that methionine acted as an important precursor of the VOSCs in lakes suffering from algea-induced black bloom. The existence of glucose may change the transformation pathway of methionine into VOSCs to form larger molecular weight compounds, such as DMTS and DMTeS.

关键词： algal blooms black bloom methionine volatile organic sulfur compounds sulfur-containing amino acid

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维普期刊数据库

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