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Soil Microbial Activities in Beech Forests Under Natural Incubation Conditions as Affected by Global Warming

Pedosphere 2014年第6期24卷 709-721页

作者： S.LU Q.WANG S.KATAHATA M.NARAMOTO H.MIZUNAGA Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University Graduate School of Agriculture Shizuoka University

Microbial activity in soil is known to be controlled by various factors. However, the operating mechanisms have not yet been clearly identified, particularly under climate change conditions, although they are crucial for understanding carbon dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, a natural incubation experiment was carried out using intact soil cores transferred from high altitude(1 500 m) to low(900 m) altitude to mimic climate change scenarios in a typical cold-temperate mountainous area in Japan. Soil microbial activities, indicated by substrate-induced respiration(SIR) and metabolic quotient(q CO2), together with soil physicalchemical properties(abiotic factors) and soil functional enzyme and microbial properties(biotic factors), were investigated throughout the growing season in 2013. Results of principal component analysis(PCA) indicated that soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC) andβ-glucosidase activity were the most important factors characterizing the responses of soil microbes to global warming. Although there was a statistical difference of 2.82 ℃ between the two altitudes, such variations in soil physical-chemical properties did not show any remarkable effect on soil microbial activities, suggesting that they might indirectly impact carbon dynamics through biotic factors such as soil functional enzymes. It was also found that the biotic factors mainly controlled soil microbial activities at elevated temperature,which might trigger the inner soil dynamics to respond to the changing environment. Future studies should hence take more biotic variables into account for accurately projecting the responses of soil metabolic activities to climate change.

关键词： biotic factors carbon dynamics metabolic quotient microbial biomass soil enzymes soil respiration

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Variation in forest soil fungal diversity along a latitudinal gradient

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 305-315页

作者： Ling-Ling Shi Peter E.Mortimer J.W.Ferry Slik Xiao-Ming Zou Jianchu Xu Wen-Ting Feng Lu Qiao Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of Sciences88 Xuefu RoadKunming 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunYunnanChina Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China College of Forest Resources and Environment Nanjing Forestry University59 Longpan RdNanjing 210037China Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto RicoP.O.Box 21910San JuanPR 00931-1910USA Department of Ecology and Environmental Science UmeåUniversity90187UmeåSweden

In forest ecosystems,plant communities shape soil fungal communities through the provisioning of *** the variation in forest composition with latitude is well established,little is known about how soil fungal communities vary with *** collected soil samples from 17 forests,along a latitudinal transect in western *** types covered included boreal,temperate,subtropical and tropical *** used 454 pyrosequencing techniques to analyze the soil *** data were correlated with abiotic and biotic variables to determine which factors most strongly influenced fungal community *** results indicated that temperature,latitude,and plant diversity most strongly influence soil fungal community *** diversity patterns were unimodal,with temperate forests(mid latitude)exhibiting the greatest ***,these diversity patterns indicate that fungal diversity was highest in the forest systems with the lowest tree diversity(temperate forests).Different forest systems were dominated by different fungal subgroups,ectomycorrhizal fungi dominated in boreal and temperate forests;endomycorrhizal fungi dominated in the tropical rainforests,and non-mycorrhizal fungi were best represented in subtropical *** results suggest that soil fungal communities are strongly dependent on vegetation type,with fungal diversity displaying an inverse relationship to plant diversity.

关键词： Soil Fungal communities Latitudinal gradient Abiotic factors biotic factors Boreal,temperate,subtropical,and tropical forest Biodiversity pattern

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Coarse root spatial distribution determined using a ground-penetrating radar technique in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 1038-1046页

作者： YAN Hui DONG XinLiang FENG Gang ZHANG ShouRen MUCCIARDI Anthony State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Inner Mongolia Forestry Monitoring and Planning Academy TreeRadar Inc. Silver Spring MD 20910 USA

Coarse roots play a critical role in forest ecosystems and both abiotic and biotic factors affect their spatial *** some extent,coarse root density may reflect the quantity of root biomass and biotic competition in ***,using traditional methods(e.g.,excavation)to study coarse roots is challenging,because those methods are time-consuming and ***,these destructive methods cannot be repeated in the same ***,the discovery of non-destructive methods for root studies will be very *** this study,we used a ground-penetrating radar technique to detect the coarse root density of three habitats(ridge,slope and valley)and the dominant tree species(Castanopsis eyrei and Schima superba)in a subtropical *** found that(i)the mean of coarse root density for these three habitats was 88.04roots m–2,with roots being mainly distributed at depths of 0–40 *** root densities were lower in deeper soils and in areas far from the trunk.(ii)Coarse root densities differed significantly among the three habitats studied here with slope habitat having the lowest coarse root *** with ***,*** had more roots distributed in deeper ***,coarse roots with a diameter>3 cm occurred more frequently in the valleys,compared with root densities in ridge and slope habitats,and most coarse roots occurred at soil depths of 20–40 cm.(iii)The coarse root density correlated negatively with tree species richness at soil depths of 40–60 *** abundances of the dominant species,such as ***,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,Pinus massoniana,had significant impacts on coarse root density.(iv)The soil depth of 0–40 cm was the"basic distribution layer"for coarse roots since the majority of coarse roots were found in this soil layer with an average root density of 84.18 roots m–2,which had no significant linear relationships with topography,tree species richness,rarefied tree species richness and tree ***

关键词： abiotic factors biotic factors coarse root density ground-penetrating radar (GPR) spatial distribution

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