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Capturing the value of biosurveillance“big data”through natural capital accounting

Big Earth Data 2021年第3期5卷 352-367页

作者： David Castle Paul D.N.Hebert Elizabeth L.Clare Ian D.Hogg Crystal Tremblay School Public Administration and Gustavason School of Business University of VictoriaCanada Centre for Biodiversity Genomics University of GuelphGuelphCanada Ecology and Evolutionary Biology York UniversityTorontoCanada Ecosystem Science Polar Knowledge CanadaOttawa and Cambridge BayCanada Department of Geography University of VictoriaCanada

Global biodiversity is in *** of the scale and pace of biodiversity loss is leading to rapid technological development in biodiversity science to identify species,their interactions,and eco-system *** and international policy developments to stimulate mitigation and remediation actions are escalating to meet the biodiversity *** can take advantage of biosurveil-lance“big data”as evidence for more sweeping and impactful policy *** critical factor is translating biosurveillance data into the value-based frameworks underpinning new policy *** approach to this integration process,using natural capital accounting frameworks is developed.

关键词： Biodiversity biosurveillance big data SDGs policy natural capital accounting digital twins modelling

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Emerging and re-emerging viruses: A global challenge illustrated by Chikungunya virus outbreaks

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World Journal of Virology 2012年第1期1卷 11-22页

作者： Christian A Devaux Center for the study of Pathogens and health Biotechnology-CPBS UMR5236 CNRS-UM1-UM2 F-34293 Montpellier cedex 5 France

In recent decades, the issue of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, especially those related to viruses, has become an increasingly important area of concern in public health. It is of significance to anticipate future epidemics by accumulating knowledge through appropriate research and by monitoring their emergence using indicators from different sources. The objective is to alert and respond effectively in order to reduce the adverse impact on the general populations. Most of the emerging pathogens in humans originate from known zoonosis. These pathogens have been engaged in long-standing and highly successful interactions with their hosts since their origins are exquisitely adapted to host parasitism. They developed strategies aimed at:(1) maximizing invasion rate;(2) selecting host traits that can reduce their impact on host life span and fertility;(3) ensuring timely replication and survival both within host and between hosts; and(4) facilitating reliable transmission to progeny. In this context, Arboviruses(or ARthropod-BOrne viruses), will represent with certainty a threat for the coming century. The unprecedented epidemic of Chikungunya virus which occurred between 2005 and 2006 in the FrenchReunion Island in the Indian Ocean, followed by several outbreaks in other parts of the world, such as India and Southern Europe, has attracted the attention of medical and state authorities about the risks linked to this re-emerging mosquito-borne virus. This is an excellent model to illustrate the issues we are facing today and to improve how to respond tomorrow.

关键词： Health threats Emerging virus Arbovirus Chikungunya virus Ecosystems biosurveillance

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Point-of-need molecular processing of biosamples using portable instrumentation to reduce turnaround time

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第3期2卷 177-182页

作者： Manousos E.Kambouris Stavroula Siamoglou Zoe Kordou Aphroditi Milioni Stamatis Vassilakis Stavroula Goudoudaki Stavroula Kritikou Yiannis Manoussopoulos Aristea Velegraki George P.Patrinos Department of Pharmacy University of PatrasRio Patras 26504Greece Department of Microbiology School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensMikras Asias 75Athens 11527Greece Plant Protection Division of Patras Institute of Industrial and Forage PlantsN.E.O&AmerikisPatras 26004Greece United Arab Emirates University College of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of PathologyAl-AinUnited Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates University Zayed Center of Health SciencesAl-AinUnited Arab Emirates

Infectious agents,both standard and emerging or engineered,might initiate outbreaks with global impact and/or existential-level threat *** agents might infect human,livestock,exploitable plant cultures or the environment at *** of responding by sampling teams which may also carry out prolonged surveillance,a more effective concept is to pre-process the samples,possibly to nucleic acid extract so as to transport them without biological risks by standard channels,or to process them up to a point and return the results,leaving the samples which only need specialized tests and dedicated *** this context a portable device,allowing multiple routine and crisis-management applications due to its inherent flexibility,is scrutinized against alternatives and possible needs so as to develop a novel standard of surveillance and intervention,meant to facilitate containment by providing faster much more reliable laboratory results at a fraction of older generation mobile nucleic acids *** steps,such as agarose in pills and buffers pre-packaged in expendable syringes with pistons locked by improvised safety features may improve the Complexity Level of the whole system so as to make it appealing to intervention/crisis management personnel,while the instrument proper may double as backup for respective benchtop devices.

关键词： Point-of-Need biosurveillance Public health Biosecurity-biosafety Portable PCR Portable NGS Quarantine pathogens

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