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Calculation of Empirical and True Maintenance Coefficients by Flux Balance Analysis

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2002年第1期10卷 89-92页

作者：马红武赵学明郭晓峰 School of Chemical Engineering & Technology Tianjin University 天津 300072

The stoichiometric matrix of a simplified metabolic network inBacillus Subtillis was constructed from the flux balance equations,which were used for reconciliation of the measured rates anddetermination of the inner metabolic rates. Thus more reliableresults of the true and empirical maintenance coefficients wereobtained. The true maintenance coefficient is linearly related to thespecific growth rate and changes with the P/O ratio. The measuredbiomass yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is also linearlyrelated to the P/O ratio.

关键词： maintenance coefficient flux balance analysis metabolic network biomass yield

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Heterogeneous expression of Osa-MIR156bc increases abiotic stress resistance and forage quality of alfalfa

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The Crop Journal 2021年第5期9卷 1135-1144页

作者： Kexin Wang Yanrong Liu Fengkui Teng Huifang Cen Jianpin Yan Shiwen Lin Dayong Li Wanjun Zhang College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Lab of Grassland Science in Beijing China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Biological Science China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014ShandongChina

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely cultivated perennial leguminous forage crop *** RNA156 (miR156) precursor genes from dicotyledonous species are reportedly useful for improving alfalfa plant architecture and abiotic stress ***,there has been no report on whether a miR156 precursor gene from a monocotyledonous species functions in *** introduced two tandem precursor genes of miR156,rice Osa-MIR156b and Osa-MIR156c (Osa-MIR156bc),into *** expression of miR156 in the transgenic (TG) alfalfa was significantly *** to wild-type plants,the TG plants overexpressing miR156 had more branches and leaves and showed improved salt and drought *** of miR156 slightly reduced plant height,but the biomass yield of TG plants grown in flowerpots was still *** quality of TG plants was markedly improved by reduction of acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and increase in crude protein *** expression of the putative miR156 target genes Ms SPL6,Ms SPL12,and Ms SPL13 in TG plants was repressed by miR156overexpression,and that of all tested Ms SPLs would be sharply increased under drought or salt *** sequencing revealed that overexpression of miR156 affected the expression of genes associated with abiotic stress resistance and plant development in multiple *** first report of overexpression of monocot miR156 precursors in alfalfa sheds light on the function of mi RNA156 precursors from the monocot species rice that could be used for genetic improvement of the dicot forage crop alfalfa.

关键词： Alfalfa miR156 biomass yield Forage quality Abiotic stress

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Utilization of Nano Rock Phosphate by Maize （Zea mays L.） Crop in a Vertisol of Central India

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第5期4卷 384-394页

作者： Tapan Adhikari Samaresh Kundu Vasudeb Meena Anangi Subba Rao Environmental Soil Science Division Indian Institute of Soil Science Bhopa1462038 M.P. lndia

An attempt was made in the present investigation to utilize the vast deposit of rock phosphate （RP） of India by preparing nano RP using modem tool of nano-science and nano-technology for field application to maize crop （Zea mays L.）. To evaluate the efficacy of different nano RP, a field experiment was conducted during kharif season （June to September） of 2012 at India Institute of Soil Science （IISS）, Bhopal, taking maize as a test crop. The experiment consisted of five treatments （control, NK （100%）, NPK （100%）, NK （I00%）＋ 60 kg P205） as nano RP through Udaipur nano RP （34% P205） and Udaipur nano RP （31% P205） were tested in randomized block design with four replications. The results showed that the shelling percentage, 1,000 grain weight, grain and stover yield, etc., were significantly higher in the maize plant treated with Udaipur nano RP （34% P205） as compared to the control, which was being at par with single super phosphate （SSP） treated plants. The total P content and its uptake were higher （0.65% and 40.29 kg/ha） in SSP treated plant, which was closely followed by Udaipur nano RP 34% （0.63% and 38.29 kg/ha） over the control （0.60% and 27.82 kg/ha）. The SSP treated plants had significantly highest apparent P recovery （47.98%） which was comparable to Udaipur nano RP （34% P205）, where as the Udaipur nano RP （31% P205） had the lowest. The additional N and K uptake by the plant was also observed with application of P sources, which were ranged from 16.5 kg/ha to 37.2 kg/ha and 27.9 kg/ha to 64.7 kg/ha under different P treatments. These results showed that crop utilization of P from nano RP was at par with that of P from SSP while yield response to P from nano RP was marginally lower than to P from SSP but serve as a cheaper source.

关键词： Nano RP P uptake biomass yield apparent phosphorus recovery.

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Comprehensive evaluation and selection of the potential complex medium for industrial glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) production by Escherichia coli

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第2期4卷 74-82页

作者： Wanying Yao Xiao Wu Jun Zhu Bo Sun Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota1390 Eckles AvenueSt.PaulMN 55108USA Department of Chemical Engineering Tshinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Research and Outreach Center University of MinnesotaWasecaMN 56093USA Northeastern Agricultural University Harbin 150030China

To address the need for producing large quantities of an enzyme,glutamate decarboxylase(GAD),this study evaluated the performance of the currently used complex and defined culture media in terms of biomass production,GAD yield,and byproducts accumulation,and selected the candidate(s)that could maximize the production of GAD by Escherichia coli(AS 1.505,the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center,Beijing,China).The highest yield of the enzyme per biomass in the final broth(4431 U/g)corresponded to the Luria Bertani medium(LBM),which was 1.16 times the second highest from the Terrific Broth medium(TBM),while the highest biomass production(4.5 g/L)was achieved in the cultivation with *** the byproducts,the profiles of all the media except the TK medium displayed a distinct exponential phase after six hour cultivation with a rapid byproducts generation,which could be attributed to the mixed acid fermentation caused by oxygen *** addition,the subsequent re-assimilation of acetate could reduce the loss of GAD accumulated by stabilizing the media *** comprehensive analysis showed that although the highest biomass production was achieved by TBM,the fastest intracellular accumulation of GAD occurred in the cultivation with LBM(184.64 U/(g·h)),which also was the cheapest medium(0.56$/103 U).Therefore,LBM was considered the potentially competitive candidate medium for large-scale production of GAD by ***.

关键词： culture media biomass yield GAD accumulation byproducts economic analysis Escherichia coli

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Determination of Leafy Vegetables Need in Water andNitrogen Use Efficiency by Using the Diviner 2000 andthe Isotopes Techniques: Case of Amaranth(Amaranthus cruentus)

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2020年第3期10卷 134-143页

作者： NoupéDiakaria Coulibaly Lassina Fondio Thierry Lekadou Isaya Sijali Mako François De Paul N’Gbesso Catherine Kibunja Centre National de Recherche Agronomique(CNRA) 01 BP 633Bouaké01Côte d’Ivoire Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization(KALRO) P.O.Box 57811Nairobi CityKenya

A study was conducted to determine how the nitrogen(N)in the fertilisers can be quantified and what amounts of fertilizers should be given to leafy vegetables to achieve their *** study also aimed to determine the efficient use of water by the *** experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block with three replicates and three levels of urea(T0=0 kg/ha,T1=43.5 kg/ha,T2=65 kg/ha).Estimation of growth parameters and biomass yield revealed that the treatments produced statistically identical *** numerically,T1(43.5 kg of urea/ha)gave the highest yields and T2(65 kg of urea/ha)produced the *** was the same for the determination of the water use efficiency(WUE)by the plant where T1 produced the highest values compared to *** yield curve as a function of the applied urea dose allowed the identification of the urea dose that corresponds to optimal yield in *** the dose of 65 kg of urea/ha,any increase becomes harmful to the *** results in a decrease in yield in the amaranth plant.

关键词： Amaranth leafy vegetable nitrogen biomass yield efficient use of water.

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