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Divergent biomass partitioning to aboveground and belowground across forests in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 484-492页

作者： Jian Sun Shuli Niu Jinniu Wang Synthesis Research Centre of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModellingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences11 Datun RoadBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bio-resource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences9 Renminnanlu RoadChengdu 640019China International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) GPO Box 3226KhumaltarKathmanduNepal

Aims Belowground to aboveground biomass(BGB/AGB)ratio is a highly valued parameter of the terrestrial carbon cycle and ***,it remains far from clear whether plant biomass partition-ing to aboveground and belowground is isometric(equal partition-ing)or allometric(unequal partitioning)at community levels and what factors are necessary in order to regulate the *** study aimed to comprehensively find out the patterns of biomass partitioning and their regulatory factors across forests in *** The data of AGB and BGB were compiled from 1542 samples for communities across forests in *** major axis regression was conducted to examine whether AGB and BGB were allocated isometrically or allometrically at a community *** analysis was used to analyze the relationships of BGB/AGB ratio with climatic factors and soil *** Findings We found that the slopes of the relationship between logAGB and logBGB were not always comparable to 1.0(isometric allocation)at community levels,including primary forest,secondary forest,and planted ***,samples in clay,loam,and sand soil types also presented the same ***,the radically different allocations of AGB and BGB were found in northern and southern *** factors totally explained 3.86%of the variations in the BGB/AGB ratio at the community level,which include the mean annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,potential water deficit index,soil car-bon content,soil nitrogen content,soil clay,soil loam,soil sand,soil pH,and soil bulk *** addition,the environmental fac-tors also have effects on the BGB/AGB ratio in other *** patterns revealed in this study are helpful for better under-standing biomass partitioning and spreading the carbon circle models.

关键词： biomass partitioning isometric partitioning BGB/AGB ratio environmental factors climatic zone Chinese forest

Elevated CO_2 Accelerates Phosphorus Depletion by Common Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris) in Association with Altered Leaf Biochemical Properties

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 422-429页

作者： Zhong MA Jennifer FLYNN Grant LIBRA Zechuan SHI Department of Biology Truman State University

Phosphorus （P） is a major limiting factor for plant productivity in many ecosystems and agriculture. The projected increase in atmospheric CO2 is likely to result in changes in plant mineral consumption and growth. We studied P depletion by common bean （Phaseolus vulgaris） cultured hydroponically under ambient （377±77μmol mol^-1） or elevated （650±32 μmol mol^-1） CO2 in media of low or high P. Under elevated CO2 compared to ambient CO2, the maximum P depletion rate increased by 98% at low P and 250% at high P, and P was depleted about 2-5 weeks sooner; leaf acid phosphatase （APase） activity and chlorophyll content both increased significantly; root-to-shoot ratio increased significantly at high P, although it was unaffected at low P; lateral root respiration rate showed no change, suggesting that COs did not affect P depletion via metabolic changes to the roots; the total biomass at final harvest was significantly higher at both low and high P. Our data showed that the increased rate and amount of P depletion during plant growth under elevated CO2 occurred in association with alterations in leaf biochemical properties, i.e., enhanced activities of leaf APase and increased leaf chlorophyll content.

关键词： acid phosphatase biomass partitioning chlorophyll climate change dry matter accumulation mineral nutrition

Symbiotic interactions as drivers of trade-offs in plants: effects of fungal endophytes on tall fescue

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 5-14页

作者： Pedro E.Gundel Lucas A.Garibaldi Marjo Helander Kari Saikkonen Department of Plant Production MTT Agrifood Research Finland31600 JokioinenFinland IFEVA-CONICET-Faculty of Agronomy Buenos Aires University(UBA)Buenos AiresArgentina Sede Andina Universidad Nacional de Río Negro(UNRN)and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Mitre 6308400 San Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Section of Ecology Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland

Studying the controls on biomass allocation trade-offs in plants are important since they affect harvestable product yields and are critical to understanding symbiotic *** fungal endophytes associate with cool-season grasses,growing systemically within the plant inter-cellular spaces and are transmitted through *** explore the endophytes influence on the relationship between the plant reproductive and vegetative aboveground biomass(reproductive effort:RE)and on the trade-off between two components of the reproductive biomass,number and weight of panicles(RPN),using tall fescue as a model *** endophyte-colonized,manipulatively endophyte-free,and naturally endophyte-free plants from Northern European wild-populations together with the cultivar Kentucky-31 were grown under different environmental conditions(nutrients x water).The endophyte had an effect on the RPN(E+:6.19,ME-:4.68 and E-:4.40)which indicates how reproductive biomass is partitioned into number and mass of panicles,but not on RE(≈0.06).As expected,wild plants showed higher reproductive effort(≈0.06)compared to the cultivar KY-31(0.05),irrespective of endophyte ***-colonized plants had lighter panicles than endophyte-free plants,a pattern that was clear among low-yielding ***,the tradeoff between RPN and RE was higher for endophytecolonized *** was again evident among plants with low RE indicating that colonized plants split the yield into either greater number of panicles and/or lighter *** effect of vertically transmitted endophytes has earlier been studied as ratios(***);however,our study shows that this approach may hide size-dependent endophyte effects on these *** study reveals that Neotyphodium endophyte affects trade-offs in tall fescue plants in a complex manner,and is influenced by a number of biological and abiotic factors.

关键词： Allometry biomass partitioning Neotyphodium Festuca Symbiosis Plant-endophyte interaction

Species-specific biomass allometric models and expansion factors for indigenous and planted forests of the Mozambique highlands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1047-1065页

作者： Tarquinio Mateus Magalhaes Victoria Norberto Cossa Benard Soares Guedes Amélia Saraiva Monguela Fanheiro Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Faculdade de Agronomia e Engenharia FlorestalUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneCampus UniversitárioEdifício no.1257MaputoRepública de Mocambique Departamento de Sociologia Rural Escola Superior de Desenvolvimento RuralUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneVilankuloRepública de Mocambique

Secondary Miombo woodlands and forest plantations occupy increasing areas in Mozambique,the former due to anthropogenic ***,mainly species of Eucalyptus and Pinus,are being established on sites previously covered by secondary Miombo *** affects the evolution,cycle and spatiotemporal patterns of carbon(C)storage and stocks in forest *** estimation of C storage,which is indispensable for formulating climate change policies on sequestrating CO_(2),requires tools such as biomass models and biomass conversion and expansion factors(BCEF).In Mozambique,these tools are needed for both indigenous forests and *** objective of this study is to fit species-specific allometric biomass models and BCEF for exotic and indigenous tree *** incorporate efficient inter-species variability,biomass equations were fitted using nonlinear mixed-effects *** tree component biomass models had good predictability;however,better predictive accuracy and ability was observed for the 2-predictors biomass model with tree height as a second *** majority of the variability in BCEF was explained by the variation in tree *** species had larger crown biomass per unit of stem diameter and stored larger amounts of biomass per stem ***,due to relatively rapid growth,larger stem diameters,heights,and stand density,the plantations stored more biomass per tree and per unit area.

关键词： biomass allometry biomass partitioning Miombo Exotic forest plantations Brachystegia spiciformis Julbernardia globifl ora Eucalyptus Pinus

Effects of irrigation and nitrogen management on hybrid maize seed production in north-west China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第1期3卷 55-64页

作者： Hui RAN Shaozhong KANG Fusheng LI Ling TONG Taisheng DU Center for Agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural University College of Agriculture Guangxi University

Scientific irrigation and nitrogen management is important for agricultural production in arid areas. To quantify the effect of water and nitrogen management on yield components, biomass partitioning and harvest index(HI) of maize for seed production with plastic filmmulching, field experiments including different irrigation and N treatments were conducted in arid north-west China in 2013 and 2014. The results indicated that kernel number per plant(KN) was signi ficantly affected by irrigation and N treatments. However, 100-kernel weight was relatively stable. Reducing irrigation quantity signi ficantly increased stem partitioning index(PI_(stem)) and leaf partitioning index(PIl_(eaf)), and decreased ear partitioning index(PI_(ear)) at harvest, but lowering Nrate(from 500 to 100 kg N$hm^(–2))did not signi ficantly reduce PI_(stem), PI leaf, andPIl_(eaf) at harvest. HI was signi ficantly reduced by reducing irrigation quantity, but not by reducing Nrate. Linear relationships were found between KN, PI_(stem), PI leaf,PIl_(eaf) at harvest and HI and evapotranspiration(ET).

关键词： yield components biomass partitioning harvest index irrigation nitrogen maize for seed production

Effects of resource sharing directionality on physiologically integrated clones of the invasive Carpobrotus edulis

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第5期14卷 884-895页

作者： Rubén Portela Rodolfo Barreiro Sergio R Roiloa BioCost Group Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversidadc da Coruna15071 A CorunaSpain

Aims One of the key traits associated with clonal growth in plants is the capacity for physiological integration,which allows resource sharing between connected ramets within a clonal *** transport is expected to occur following a source–sink relationship:from ramets established in rich patches to ramets growing in poor ***,some experiments have shown that acropetal transport(from basal to apical modules)usually exceeds basipetal transport(from apical to basal ramets).In this study,we aimed to determine the resource transport directionality in physiologically integrated modules of the invader Carpobrotus *** We conducted two manipulative experiments under common garden conditions that studied the effect of different nutrient levels located at different positions(basal,medial and apical)on connected and disconnected clonal systems of *** compared the biomass partitioning patterns and final biomass of ramets to elucidate whether the effect of physiological integration is affected by the directionality of the resource *** Findings Results indicate a prevalent acropetal transport of resources in ***,with a developmentally programmed division of labor where basal ramets were specialized in obtaining soil-based resources and apical ramets specialized in aboveground *** biomass partitioning pattern was not affected by the nutrient conditions in which basal or apical ramets were growing,although the highest benefit was achieved by apical ramets growing under the most stressed *** developmentally programmed division of labor is expected to increase the lateral growth of ***,and therefore could have meaningful implications for the expansion of this invasive species.

关键词： biomass partitioning Carpobrotus clonal growth division of labor physiological integration

Functional Equilibrium Between Photosynthetic and Above-ground Nonphotosynthetic Structures of Plants: Evidence from a Pruning Experiment with Three Subtropical Tree Species

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2003年第2期45卷 152-157页

作者：曾波西南师范大学生命科学学院

It is well known that plants have functional equilibrium between their above-ground parts (shoots) and below-ground parts (roots), but whether the above-ground parts of plants have functional equilibrium between their photosynthetic structures (leaves) and non-photosynthetic structures (branches and stem) is unknown. The purpose of this study is to test the hypotheses that: (1) the above-ground parts of plants have functional equilibriums between their photosynthetic structures and non-photosynthetic structures; (2) the maintenance of the equilibriums is guaranteed by the alteration of biomass partitioning to photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic structures. To test these hypotheses, a pruning experiment with four pruning intensities (0%, 20%, 50%, and 70%) were carried out with three subtropical Chinese tree species ( Ficus microcarpa, Ficus virens, Cinnamomum camphora). Pruning treatments were conducted in two successive years. The results were in conformity with the hypothesis, i.e. above-ground parts of trees had functional equilibriums between photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic structures. Pruning decreased instantaneously the mass ratios of photosynthetic structures to non-photosynthetic structures (P/NP) of all three tree species, the reduction in P/NP was strengthened with pruning intensity. However, one year after pruning, the P/NP of all pruned trees increased and were not smaller than those of unpruned trees. In agreement with the expectation, the biomass partitioning of pruned trees was altered, more newly produced above-ground biomass was partitioned to leaf growth and less to branch and stem growth, thus enabled the damaged trees to restore their functional equilibrium between photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic structures. It is clear that the maintenance of functional equilibrium between photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic structures guaranteed by the alteration of biomass partitioning provides plants a good strategy to resist external disturb

关键词： biomass partitioning functional equilibrium non-photosynthetic structures photosynthetic structures tree

BAP Spray and Plastic Container Responses on Asparagus officmalis L. Crown Growth

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第8期7卷 827-835页

作者： Alberto Pagani Jorge Molinari Adalberto Di Benedetto Departamento de Producci6n Vegetal Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires Ciudad Aut6noma de Buenos AiresC1417DSE Argentina Departamento de Producci6n Vegetal Suelos e lngenieria Rural Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Naeional de Mardel Plata Provincia de Buenos Aires B 7620ZAA Argentina

The aims of this work were to study the effect of two different plastic containers on asparagus growth and the effect of early applied 6-benzilaminepurine （BAP） on crown growth during the first two years after seed germination. Although there was not found a root restriction effect with the use of plastic containers, there were significant differences between plants grown in plastic seedbed or single pots which suggesting an unusual and unexpected asparagus autotoxicity. The results showed that crown fresh weight, total dry weight, relative growth ratio （RGRroot）, root：shoot ratio and photosynthetic shoot number increased in BAP-sprayed plants over the controls without treatment as a result of a change in photosynthate partitioning towards the root system. The BAP snravs seem to be a ~reater effect under conditions with favor autotoxicitv such as the seedbed than in single pot crown-grown.

关键词： Autotoxicity biomass partitioning cytokinins propagation root restriction.