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Understory seedlings of Quercus mongolica survive by phenological escape

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 236-246页

作者： Shixiong Wu Ying Liu Lulu He Wei Zeng Qijing Liu College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China

Understanding understory seedling regeneration mechanisms is important for the sustainable development of temperate primary forests in the context of increasingly intense climate warming events.The poor regeneration of dominant tree species,however,is one of the biggest challenges it faces at the moment.Especially,the regeneration of the shade-intolerant Quercus mongolica seedling is difficult in primary forests,which contrasts with the extreme abundance of understory seedlings in secondary forests.The mechanism behind the interesting phenomenon is still unknown.This study used in-situ monitoring and nursery-controlled experiment to investigate the survival rate,growth performance,as well as nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations and pools of various organ tissues of seedlings for two consecutive years,further analyze the understory light availability and simulate the foliage carbon (C) gain in the secondary and primary forest.Results suggested that seedlings in the secondary forest had greater biomass allocation aboveground,height and specific leaf area (SLA) in summer,which allowed the seedling to survive longer in the canopy closure period.High light availability and positive C gain in early spring and late autumn are key factors affecting the growth and survival of understory seedlings in the secondary forest,whereas seedlings in the primary forest had annual negative carbon gain.Through the growing season,the total NSC concentrations of seedlings gradually decreased,whereas those of seedlings in the secondary forest increased significantly in autumn,and were mainly stored in roots for winter consumption and the following year's summer shade period,which was verified by the nursery-controlled experiment that simulated autumn enhanced light availability improved seedling survival rate and NSC pools.In conclusion,our results revealed the survival trade-off strategies of Quercus mongolica seedlings and highlighted the necessity of high light availability during the spring and autumn phenological periods

关键词： Carbon gain Nonstructural carbohydrate Recruitment Trade-off biomass allocation

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Changes in individual plant traits and biomass allocation in alpine meadow with elevation variation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 1142-1151页

作者： MA WeiLing SHI PeiLi LI WenHua HE YongTao ZHANG XianZhou SHEN ZhenXi CHAI SiYue Lhasa National Ecological Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Plant traits and individual plant biomass allocation of 57 perennial herbaceous species,belonging to three common functional groups (forbs,grasses and sedges) at subalpine (3700 m ASL),alpine (4300 m ASL) and subnival (≥5000 m ASL) sites were examined to test the hypothesis that at high altitudes,plants reduce the proportion of aboveground parts and allocate more biomass to belowground parts,especially storage organs,as altitude increases,so as to geminate and resist environmental stress.However,results indicate that some divergence in biomass allocation exists among organs.With increasing altitude,the mean fractions of total biomass allocated to aboveground parts decreased.The mean fractions of total biomass allocation to storage organs at the subalpine site (7%±2% S.E.) were distinct from those at the alpine (23%±6%) and subnival (21%±6%) sites,while the proportions of green leaves at all altitudes remained almost constant.At 4300 m and 5000 m,the mean fractions of flower stems decreased by 45% and 41%,respectively,while fine roots increased by 86% and 102%,respectively.Specific leaf areas and leaf areas of forbs and grasses deceased with rising elevation,while sedges showed opposite trends.For all three functional groups,leaf area ratio and leaf area root mass ratio decreased,while fine root biomass increased at higher altitudes.biomass allocation patterns of alpine plants were characterized by a reduction in aboveground reproductive organs and enlargement of fine roots,while the proportion of leaves remained stable.It was beneficial for high altitude plants to compensate carbon gain and nutrient uptake under low temperature and limited nutrients by stabilizing biomass investment to photosynthetic structures and increasing the absorption surface area of fine roots.In contrast to forbs and grasses that had high mycorrhizal infection,sedges had higher single leaf area and more root fraction,especially fine roots.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau climate stress biomass allocation shoot/root ratio plant traits fine roots

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biomass allocation and assimilation efficiency of natural Tilia amurensis samplings in response to different light regimes

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Journal of Forestry Research 1999年第2期10卷 69-74页

作者：徐程扬

biomass allocation and assimilation efficiency of natural Amour linden (Tilia amurensis) samplings in different light regimes were analyzed in the paper. The results showed that shoot increment of samplings in gap was the highest and that of samplings under canopy was the least. Samplings in gap expressed apical dominance strongly but samplings in full sun and under canopy behaved intensive branching. Lateral competition or moderate shading was favored to bole construction. The patters of biomass allocation of samplings in different light environment were rather similar. The biomass translocated to stem was more than that to other organs, and about one half of photosynthate was used to support leaf turn over. On the contrary, photosynthates of samplings in full sun were mostly consumed in leaves bearing and energy balancing. The carbon assimilation for leaves of samplings in gap was the most efficient, and more carbons were fixed and translocated to non-photosynthetic organs, especially to stemwood.

关键词： Tilia amurensis Shoot growth biomass allocation Assimilation efficiency of leaf Light environment

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Effects of key growth conditions on endogenous hormone content in tillering stem bases,germination of lateral buds,and biomass allocation in Indocalamus decorus

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1547-1555页

作者： Guibin Gao Hao Zhong Zhizhuang Wu Neng Li Zheke Zhong Yanhong Pan Liangru Wu China National Bamboo Research Center Wenyi Road 310Hangzhou 310012China Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province Wenyi Road 310Hangzhou 310012China

Physiological responses and changes in growth of Indocalamus decorus Q.H.Dai under different ecological conditions are essential for further understanding growth regulation and adaptive mechanisms and establishing an evidence-based management system for optimal growth. In this study, the endogenous hormone content in tillering stem bases, germination of lateral buds, and biomass allocation of this bamboo species in different growth environments were investigated. Among the endogenous hormones in the basal stems of tillers, indole-3-pyruvic acid and zeatin riboside were highly correlated with lateral buds that germinated to form shoots, while gibberellic acid was highly correlated with lateral buds that germinated to form rhizomes. The best lateral bud germination characteristics were achieved with full sun, a density of six plantlets per pot, and watering every 6 days. I. decorus plantlets used different resource allocation strategies depending on treatment. Different ecological factors influenced endogenous hormones in the bamboo stem base,which affected lateral bud germination and biomass allocation.

关键词： biomass allocation Ecological factor Indocalamus decorus Lateral bud Plantlet Tillering

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Shoot-level biomass allocation is affected by shoot type in Fagus sylvatica

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 422-428页

作者： Benjamín Jarcuska Ruben Milla Institute of Forest Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesSturova 296053 ZvolenSlovakia Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n.E-28933 Mostoles(Madrid)Spain

Aims The present study aims(i)to examine if recently reported interspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs,i.***.isometric trade-offs between leaf mass(LM)and stem mass(SM)and between leaf size and leaf number,hold intraspecifically and(ii)to explore whether those scaling relationships are independent of shoot type(i.***.long vs.short shoots).Methods In order to address our questions,we used Fagus sylvatica saplings growing under a broad light range that were sampled in theWestern Carpathians Mountains(Slovakia).Important Findings We found that:(i)intraspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs differ from those reported interspecifically and that(ii)long and short shoots differ in biomass allocation scaling coefficients.Allometric relationships with slopes statistically smaller than 1.0 or higher than-1.0,were found between SM and LM and between mean leafing intensity and individual leaf mass,respectively,in long shoots.In contrast,isometric scaling was found in short shoots.This suggests that leaf mass in short shoots is unaffected by shoot stem mass,in contrast to long shoots.Short shoots also had a larger fraction of biomass allocated to leaves.Beech shoots,as has been observed in other shoot dimorphic species,are specialized,with short shoots specializing in carbon gain and long shoots in space acquisition.A greater shift in LM than in SM among species during speciation shifting from allometric intraspecific relationships to an isometric interspecific scaling relationship between those traits could explain the discrepancies between the outputs of the present intraspecific study and others similar studies.This study draws attention to the importance of considering shoot types in future studies dealing with allocation rules in species with dimorphic shoots.

关键词： biomass allocation dimorphic shoots leaf size stem size scaling relationships

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Effects of water depth on clonal characteristics and biomass allocation of Halophila ovalis (Hydrocharitaceae)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第4期4卷 283-291页

作者： Na-Na Xu Xin Tong Po-Kueug Eric Tsang Hong Deng Xiao-Yong Chen Department of Environmental Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory for Ecological Processes and Restoration in Urban AreaEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Department of Science and Environmental Studies Hong Kong Institute of EducationHong KongChina

Halophila ovalis is a dioecious seagrass with a wide geographical and water depth range.The objective of this study was to understand its plasticity in clonal characteristics and biomass and also its allocation between above-and belowground in seagrass beds at different water depths.Methods Four monospecific H.ovalis beds,Shabei,Xialongwei,Beimu and Yingluo,which have different water depths at maximum tide level(MTL)but otherwise similar environmental conditions,were studied.We measured main clonal characteristics,i.***.horizontal internodal length,branching angle,shoot height,leaf length and width,and rhizome diameter.Above-and belowground biomasses of H.ovalis were also estimated using a harvest method.Important Findings We found no significant differences in coverage,leaf pair density or number of stem nodes per square meter between the four study sites.However,horizontal internodal length,leaf length,width,rhizome diameter and shoot height all increased significantly with the increases in water depth from 2-to 9-m MTL and decreased when the water depths were greater than 9-m MTL.No significant difference in above-or belowground biomass between the seagrass beds was found.However,the ratio of above-to belowground biomass was significantly higher in the shallowest site compared to the other three seagrass beds,indicating that more biomass was stored belowground in deeper water.The results demonstrated plastic responses in clonal characteristics and biomass allocation in H.ovalis across the water depth gradient.

关键词： Halophila ovalis water depth gradient rhizome shoot biomass allocation seagrass

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The effect of light intensity on the morphology characteristic and biomass allocation of Bidens pilosa L

The effect of light intensity on the morphology characterist...

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第三届全国生物入侵大会

作者： Yu-mei Pan~1,Sai-chun Tang~1,Yan-xi Cen~(1,2),Ming-chao Liu~(1,2),Gao-zhong Pu~1,Chun-qiang Wei~1 1.Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of sciences,Guilin 541006,China 2.Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China

Bidens pilosa L.has been invaded seriously in China for many years and its distribution and harmfulness have been reported in many papers..In this paper,the weed were grown under four different relative irradiance(RI5%,20%,40%,100%) in greenhouse to study its morphology characteristic and biomass allocation in vegetative period.The results indicated that the weed had strong light acclimation ability and could grow well even under RI 5%.The length of stem and total leaf area(TLA) were the lowest under RI100%and were the highest under RI40%among the treatments,however,which under RI40%had no significant difference with that under RI5%or under RI20%.The differences of the number of leaves between treatments were not obvious.The specific leaf area(SLA) and leaf area ratio(LAR) were both decreased with the light intensity increasing.The total biomass increased with the light intensity increasing in the range between RI5%and RI40%and then decreased when under RI100%,however,which under RI5%was lower significantly than under other treatments.The root mass ratio(RMR) and the root mass/crown mass(R/C) were both decreased with the light intensity increasing in the range between RI5%and R140%and then increased significantly under RI100%.The supporting organs biomass ratio(SBR) under RI40%and RI20%were higher than that under RI5%and RI100%.The leaf mass ratio(LMR) was decreased with the light intensity increasing.So,the Bidens pilosa L could adjust resource in morphology and biomass allocation by itself according to light conditions,exhibited large phenotypic plasticity,which maybe one of the reasons of the weed distributed extensively and had strong invasiveness.

关键词： Bidens pilosa L. biomass allocation Morphology characteristic Invasiveness

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Filling the“vertical gap”between canopy tree species and understory shrub species:biomass allometric equations for subcanopy tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第4期34卷 903-913页

作者： Xue Sun Xingchang Wang Chuankuan Wang Quanzhi Zhang Qingxi Guo Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management–Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China

Subcanopy tree species are an important component of temperate secondary forests.However,their biomass equations are rarely reported,which forms a“vertical gap”between canopy tree species and understory shrub species.In this study,we destructively sampled six common subcanopy species(Syringa reticulate var.amurensis(Rupr.)Pringle,Padus racemosa(Lam.)Gilib.,Acer ginnala Maxim.,Malus baccata(Linn.)Borkh.,Rhamnus davurica Pall.,and Maackia amurensis Rupr.et Maxim.)to establish biomass equations in a temperate forest of Northeast China.The mixed-species and species-specifi c biomass allometric equations were well fi tted against diameter at breast height(DBH).Adding tree height(H)as the second predictor increased the R^(2)of the models compared with the DBH-only models by–1%to+3%.The R^(2)of DBH-only and DBH-H equations for the total biomass of mixed-species were 0.985 and 0.986,respectively.On average,the biomass allocation proportions for the six species were in the order of stem(45.5%)>branch(30.1%)>belowground(19.5%)>foliage(4.9%),with a mean root:shoot ratio of 0.24.biomass allocation to each specifi c component diff ered among species,which aff ected the performance of the mixed-species model for particular biomass component.When estimating the biomass of subcanopy species using the equations for canopy species(e.g.,Betula platyphylla Suk.,Ulmus davidiana var.japonica(Rehd.)Nakai,and Acer mono Maxim.),the errors in individual biomass estimation increased with tree size(up to 68.8%at 30 cm DBH),and the errors in stand biomass estimation(up to 19.2%)increased with increasing percentage of basal area shared by subcanopy species.The errors caused by selecting such inappropriate models could be removed by multiplying adjustment factors,which were usually power functions of DBH for biomass components.These results provide methodological support for accurate biomass estimation in temperate China and useful guidelines for biomass estimation for subcanopy species in other regions,which can help to improve estimates of f

关键词： Subcanopy tree species biomass Allometric equations Temperate forests biomass allocation

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Influence of topography,soil properties and plant community on the biomass of Abies georgei var.smithii seedlings in Southeast Tibet

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第9期19卷 2664-2677页

作者： ZHANG Xin-sheng ZHOU Chen-ni LU Jie Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityMinistry of EducationNyingchi 860000China Linzhi National Forest Ecosystem Observation&Research Station of Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security in Tibet Nyingchi 86000China

biomass of seedlings at different developing stages of growth is important information for studying the response of species to site conditions.The objectives of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics of AGB(above-ground biomass)and BGB(below-ground biomass)of Abies georgei var.smithii seedlings of different ages,and investigate the effects of topography(slope aspect,altitude),plant community characteristics(crown density,species diversity,etc.),and soil properties(soil physical and chemical properties)on the biomass and its allocation.Seedlings in five age classes(1–2,3–4,5–6,7–8,and 9–10 years old)were collected by full excavation from 6 elevations(3800 m,3900 m,4000 m,4100 m,4200 m,4300 m)on the north and south slopes of Sejila Mountain in Tibet.15seedlings of each age class were investigated at one altitude.The individual effects of seedling age(SA)and the interaction effects of SA,slope aspect(SL),and elevation(EG),namely,SL×EG,SL×SA,EG×SA,and SL×EG×SA,had significant effects on the AGB of the seedlings(pbiomass of seedlings on the northern slope was remarkably affected by stand factors,with a contribution rate of 47.8%,whereas that on the southern slope was considerably affected by soil factors with a contribution rate of 53.2%.The results showed that age was the most important factor affecting seedling biomass.The allometric pattern of seedling biomass was relatively stable,but in a highaltitude habitat,A.georgei var.smithii seedlings increased the input of BGB.Understanding seedling biomass allocation and its influencing factors is useful for evaluating plants’ability to acquire resources and survival strategies for adaptation to the environment

关键词： biomass allocation Allometric relationship Stand characteristic Soil factors Abies georgei var.smithii seedlings Sejila Mountain,Tibet

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Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on forest biomass fractions

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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 79-88页

作者： Renfei Chen Jinzhi Ran Weigang Hu Longwei Dong Mingfei Ji Xin Jia Jingli Lu Haiyang Gong Muhammad Aqeel Shuran Yao Lizhe An Jin-Sheng He Karl J.Niklas Jianming Deng State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Yanchi Research Station School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University

The extent to which key factors at the global scale influence plant biomass allocation patterns remains unclear. Here, we provide a theory about how biotic and abiotic factors influence plant biomass allocation and evaluate its predictions using a large global database for forested communities. Our analyses confirm theoretical predictions that temperature, precipitation, and plant height and density jointly regulate the quotient of leaf biomass and total biomass, and that they have a much weaker effect on shoot(leaf plus stem) biomass fractions at a global scale. Moreover, biotic factors have larger effects than abiotic factors.Climatic variables act equally on shoot and root growth, and differences in plant body size and age, as well as community species composition, which vary with climate in ways that drown out the variations in biomass fractions. The theory and data presented here provide mechanistic explanations of why climate has little effect on biomass fractions.

关键词： biomass allocation leaf biomass allometry plant density plant height scaling exponents

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