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Beijing Review 2020年第35期63卷 16-17页

作者： Lu Yan 不详

Enhanced technology and public awareness give more momentum to biodiversity protection in China This year has been rewarding for Yang Xiaojun,a researcher at the Kunming Institute of Zoology,the Chinese Acadermy of Sciences(CAS).The green peafowls Yang and his team bred laid over 20 *** worked hard for these purebred green peafowl eggs for more than six years.

关键词： biodiversity momentum

biodiversity Protection ＆ Urban Landscape Ecology Construction

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Biodiversity Protection ＆ Urban Landscape Ecology Construct...

作者： Ma Yu, Xu Rong Beijing Landscape Garden School

＜正＞This article illustrates the role of biodiversity in constructing urban landscape ecology. Both the application of native plant and the restoration, protection of urban wetland system, integrating the urban and rural greenbelt are emphasized in urban virescence so as to protect the biodiversity and promote the construction of urban landscape ecology.

关键词： biodiversity urban landscape landscape ecological construction

biodiversity and Its Molecular Mechanism of Scorpion Toxins

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Biodiversity and Its Molecular Mechanism of Scorpion Toxins

第二届中国青年学者微生物遗传学学术研讨会

作者： Cao Zhijian, Luo Feng, Wu Yingliang, Mao Xin, Li Wenxin (State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan Uiniversity, Wuhan 430072, PR China)

The biodiversity of scorpion toxins is well shown by about 400 toxin polypeptides with and without disulfide bonds. Scorpion toxins, with disulfide bonds, present variety of sequence features and pharmacological function by affecting different ion channels. Those toxins, without disulfide bonds, stand for a new type of subfamily, which have much lower sequence homology and different function (e.g. bradykinin-potentiating, antimicrobial, initiation of molecular signal in cell and immune modulating). Interestingly, all above kinds of scorpion toxins with divergent functions possibly evolved from a common ancestor gene. However, during the lengthy evolutionary time, the molecular mechanism of toxin biodiversity was developed, which is shown by polymorphism, multicopies, trans-splicing and alternative splicing at the level of genes. In order to completely clarify the biodiversity of scorpion toxins, genomics and proteomics of scorpion toxins, namely toxinomics, are highly expected to accelerate near the future because of their considerably important biological functions.

关键词： Scorpion toxins biodiversity Polymorphism Multicopies Trans-splicing alternative splicing

biodiversity,vegetation measurements,and rehabilitation of foothills of Khanasser Valley（Southeast of Aleppo）

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Biodiversity,vegetation measurements,and rehabilitation of f...

ⅩⅪ International Grassland Congress and the Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

作者： A.Khatib Salkini M.Audat J.Tiedeman International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) Aleppo Syria Atomic Energy Commission(AEC) Damascus Syria

＜正＞Introduction The Khanasser Valley is located in northwestern *** current biodiversity of this area is degraded and unpalatable species dominate this area（Peganum hannala,Noaea mucronata ）.Two sites were selected in the foothills of Khanasser Valley to study the biodiversity,herbaceous and shrub biomass,species frequency,species density;species cover%,and economic uses of native *** each site were three treatments:1) open grazing,2) fenced plot,and 3) improved fenced *** main objective of the study was to evaluate rehabilitation of degraded areas by planting adapted and palatable species of fodder shrubs and perennial grasses and legumes such as:Poa bulbosa,Dactyl is glomerata,Medicago radiata,Salsola vermiculata,and Atriplex *** study was conducted during 1999-2004.

关键词： biodiversity vegetation measurements rehabilitation

biodiversity and Its Future with Edible Oil Crops and Malaysian Palm Oil

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Biodiversity and Its Future with Edible Oil Crops and Malays...

2012 2nd International Conference on Environment and Industrial Innovation（ICEII 2012）

作者： Benjamin Loh Lu-Wee Tang Malaysian Palm Oil Council 2 Floor Wisma Sawit Lot 6 Jalan Perbandaran 47301 Kelana JayaSelangor D.E Malaysia

The preservation of biodiversity has become a major concern in many countries as human activities threaten to impact biodiversity in a global scale. Land use changes promoted by production of edible oil crops globally have been singled out as one of the biggest contributors to biodiversity loss. In the Americas and Australia, the attention is on the conventional soybean production;whereas Southeast Asia’s palm oil industry is scrutinised. As edible oil production continues to grow towards a future of an increasing world population, the focus is on how developing countries such as Malaysian can continue to ensure the preservation of biodiversity. Developed countries should also take stock on how their edible oil production is affecting biodiversity loss in the present as well as past influences. The traditional perception of biodiversity loss through deforestation is investigated considering today’s dynamic climate change circumstances. This paper examines the issues on biodiversity while painting a rationalistic perspective towards the growth and purpose of edible oil production in various places around the world. This paper also examines the sustainability of Malaysian palm oil industry and explains how palm industries can, in the long term, have the advantage of being more sustainable edible oil source compared with conventional oils such as soy beans and rapeseed.

关键词： biodiversity Palm Oil Edible Oils Malaysia Environment

Pilot Study on the Effects of Partially Restored Riparian Plant Communities on Habitat Quality and biodiversity along First-Order Tributaries of the Lower St. Johns River

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第9期2卷 771-782页

作者： Anthony M. Rossi Daniel C. Moon Dale Casamatta Kelly Smith Christopher Bentzien Jason McGregor Alyson Norwich Emilie Perkerson Ralph Perkerson Joanna Savinon Keith Stokes Dean Doebberfuhl 不详

The St. Johns River is one of the premiere waterways in the southeastern United States, but it is increasingly affected by anthropogenic disturbances and influences such as excessive loading of nutrients. In the current pilot project, small native plant communities (“garden sites”) were established along sections of riparian corridors of five first-order tributaries in residential-commercial areas that drain into the lower St. Johns River in north Florida. In addition, four “non-garden” (control) tributaries were monitored for comparison. Garden sites included five species native to the area;20 plants of each species on both banks (200 total plants). These sites were used to assess the ability of partially restored riparian areas to ameliorate nutrient loading and water quality and determine their impact on local biodiversity in disturbed suburban drainage systems. Partially restored sites showed a significant reduction in both NO3- and P concentrations in both soil and water samples compared to control sites. For instance, soil NO3- levels were reduced by 14% in garden sites, while water samples were 30% lower. Moreover, both plant species richness and Shannon diversity (H’) were significantly higher at partially restored sites, 33 and 19% respectively, compared to control streams after two years. Garden sites also had significantly higher terrestrial and invertebrate diversity than non-restored tributaries. Intermittent patches of partially restored habitat along suburban riparian corridors may provide a practical cost-effective technique for improving ecosystem function, water quality and increasing biodiversity along these frequently disturbed lotic habitats. Trends detected in the current study may have general implications for riparian restoration and reduction of nutrient loading in these small tributaries and, ultimately, effect water quality of the lower St. Johns River basin.

关键词： Riparian Restoration biodiversity Soil and Water Quality

Land Cover Change in a Freshwater Swamp Forest Landscape: Implications for biodiversity Conservation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第12期10卷 1578-1590页

作者： Nwabueze I. Igu Joseph O. Duluora Department of Geography and Meteorology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Environmental Management Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Forest landscapes are under much pressure globally due to changes in land use and their biodiversity and services are threatened at increasing magnitude especially in the tropics. biodiversity and ample forest cover still remain in freshwater forest landscapes in the Niger basin of Nigeria, but are declining at astronomical scales across the region. To better understand the changes and modifications going on in the ecosystem at the landscape level, a thirty-year study (1987-2017) was conducted using remotely sensed Landsat imageries. These were processed and used to verify the dynamics in land cover changes and their major drivers. Land use change across the region reduced the forest extent and forest cover (up to 50.2 percent) of the natural ecosystems which served as the habitats for the indigenous species. Sparse vegetation and bare soil/farmlands increased over the study period and were seen as the major indices for modifications and forest loss in the area. Since land use indices such as agricultural activities were seen as one of the major factors of land cover change, sustainable forest use and management practices that accommodate agricultural practices were advocated. While the forest cover and ultimately their biodiversity and conservation prospects reduced following forest loss in the region, efforts should be targeted at conserving the pockets of vegetation seen in the sparsely vegetated zones and also maximize the potentials that the biodiversity in the agro-forested locations offers.

关键词： biodiversity Carbon Climate Change Forest Loss Land Use Change Modification

The Contribution of Environmental Impact Assessment Studies to the Flora biodiversity in Sudan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第12期7卷 1707-1718页

作者： Osman M. M. Ali Mohamed F. Idris Institute of Environmental Studies Khartoum Sudan

Environmental Impact Assessment Studies (EIA) for four developmental projects were chosen for this study viz-a-viz., oil and gas, river diversion, hydropower and gold mining. The EIA studies for these activities have been conducted in three different ecological regions: the flood region in the former southern Sudan, low rainfall Savannah and desert region. Trees, shrubs and herbaceous species were identified and recorded in each region. Species encountered for the first time, endangered, invasive and increasers were also reported. The EIA studies have produced lists of natural flora in areas which were difficult to access without the EIA missions. During the EIA study for Jonglei Canal project the new mono specific genus Suddia sagitifolia was discovered in the flood region as the only endemic aquatic plant in Sudan. Within the same region, the smallest floating plant in Sudan (Wollfia hyaline) was reported. The critically endangered “Argon Palm” (Medemia argun) was encountered in the Nubian Desert of the Red Sea State during a gold mining EIA study. The Seha (Belpharis persica), not reported to exist in desert conditions, has been found in the Great Desert west of the Nile during an EIA study for Kajbar Hydropower project. The paper calls for the publication of the above findings and highlights the need for further detailed studies in order to enhance knowledge of the Sudanese biodiversity status.

关键词： Environmental Impact Assessment Flora biodiversity Endangered

The weighted quadratic index of biodiversity for pairs of species: a generalization of Rao’s index

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Natural Science 2011年第9期3卷 795-801页

作者： Radu Cornel Guiasu Silviu Guiasu 不详

The distribution of biodiversity at multiple sites of a region has been traditionally investigated through the additive partitioning of the regional biodiversity, called γ-diversity, into the average within-site biodiversity or α-diversity, and the biodiversity among sites, or β-diversity. The standard additive partitioning of diversity requires the use of a measure of diversity which is a concave function of the relative abundance of species, like the Shannon entropy or the Gini- Simpson index, for instance. When a phylogenetic distance between species is also taken into account, Rao’s quadratic index has been used as a measure of dissimilarity. Rao’s index, however, is not a concave function of the distribution of relative abundance of either individual species or pairs of species and, consequently, only some nonstandard additive partitionings of diversity have been given using this index. The objective of this paper is to show that the weighted quadratic index of biodiversity, a generalization of the weighted Gini-Simpson index to the pairs of species, is a concave function of the joint distribution of the relative abundance of pairs of species and, therefore, may be used in the standard additive partitioning of diversity instead of Rao’s index. The replication property of this new measure is also discussed.

关键词： Additive Partitioning of biodiversity biodiversity Measures Rao’s Index of Dissimilarity Replication Property Weighted Alpha- Beta- and Gamma-Diversities Weighted Gini-Simpson Index