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Bone Remodeling, Biomaterials And Technological Applications: Revisiting Basic Concepts

Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 318-328页

作者： Patricia C.Salgado Plinio C.Sathler Helena C.Castro Gutemberg G.Alves Aline M.de Oliveira Rodrigo Cde Oliveira Monica D.C.Maia Carlos R.Rodrigues Paulo G.Coelho Andre Fuly Lúcio M.Cabral Jose M.Granjeiro Program of Post-Graduation in Medical Sciences Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteróiBrazil Post-Graduation in Biology of Interactions Institute of BiologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteróiBrazil Program of Post-Graduation in Pathology Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteróiBrazil Clinical Research Unit Antonio Pedro HospitalNucleus of Cell TherapyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteróiBrazil School of Odontology Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteróiBrazil Department of Biological Sciences Dental School of BauruSão Paulo UniversitySão PauloBrazil School of Pharmacy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics New York UniversityNew YorkUSA

Presently, several different graft materials are employed in regenerative or corrective bone surgery. However current misconceptions about these biomaterials, their use and risks may compromise their correct application and development. To unveil these misconceptions, this work briefly reviewed concepts about bone remodeling, grafts classification and manufacturing processes, with a special focus on calcium phosphate materials as an example of a current employed biomaterial. Thus a search on the last decade was performed in Medline, LILACS, Scielo and other scientific electronic libraries using as keywords biomaterials, bone remodeling, regeneration, biocompatible materials, hydroxyapatite and therapeutic risks. Our search showed not only an accelerated biotechnological development that brought significant advances to biomaterials use on bone remodeling treatments but also several therapeutic risks that should not be ignored. The biomaterials specificity and limitations to clinical application point to the current need for developing safer products with better interactions with the biological microenvironments.

关键词： biocompatible materials Bone remodeling Hydroxyapatite Therapeutic risks

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Comparative Dimensional and Microscopic Analysis of the Strength and Hardness of Internal Fixation Plates

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2020年第10期10卷 310-320页

作者： Victor Tieghi Neto Eduardo Stedile Fiamoncini Matheus Falsarelli Ferreira Danilo Luiz Flumignan Luis Geraldo Vaz Eduardo Sanches Gonçales Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo Bauru Brazil Department of Stomatology Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo Bauru Brazil Instituto Federal de Educaç o Ciência e Tecnologia de S&#227 o Paulo IFSP Mat&#227 o Brazil Department of Dental and Prosthetic materials Araraquara School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo Araraquara Brazil

The fixation stability achieved with the use of plates and screws in oral and maxillofacial surgery is a decisive factor in treatment success. The mechanical and structural properties of the internal fixation materials have direct influence on the dimensional stability and resistance of a fixation system, thus influencing treatment outcomes. This study proposed to analyze the dimensional and resistance patterns of titanium plates used for obtaining stable fixation in orthognathic surgery and craniofacial trauma. For this study, 30 conventional 2.0 mm straight four hole plates with bridge from three brands commercialized in Brazil, were subjected to macroscopic, microscopic, strength and hardness analysis. The dimensional measurements were performed using a digital caliper. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy to analyze the chemical composition of the samples. The mechanical resistance tests were performed with a universal testing machine. The samples were then submitted to Vickers hardness analysis, complying with the standards of ASTM E92. The data collected from the dimensional study was submitted to statistical analysis of the coefficient of variation, while the values obtained during the mechanical tests were analyzed by variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p 0.05). The sample groups presented different performances in resistance, hardness, size and surface, even though they were reported to be chemically similar compounds that allowed us to conclude the plates from Group 2 were more resistant than groups 1 and 3.

关键词： Fracture Fixation Internal biocompatible materials Compressive Strength

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Calcium citrate： a new biomaterial that can enhance bone formation in situ

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第5期15卷 291-296页

作者： WANG Li-ming WANG Wei LI Xiu-cui PENG Lei LIN Zhong-qin XÜ Hua-zi Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical CollegeBinzhou 256603Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical CollegeWenzhou 325000China Department of Respiratory Medicine Yuying Children's Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical CollegeWenzhou 325000China Trauma Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medi-cal College Haikou 571100China Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and West-ern Medicine of Wenzhou City Wenzhou 325000China

Objective： To investigate the effect of a new biomaterial combining calcium citrate and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） on bone regeneration in a bone defect rabbit model. Methods： Totally 30 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into calcium citraterhBMP-2 （CC-rhBMP-2） group and rhBMP-2 only group. Two 10 ram-long and 5 ram-deep bone defects were respectively created in the left and right femoral condyles of the rabbits. Subsequently 5 pellets of calcium citrate （10 mg） combined with rhBMP-2 （2 rag） or rhBMP-2 alone were implanted into the bone defects and compressed with cotton swab. Bone granules were obtained at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after procedure and received histological analysis. LSD t-test and a subsequent t-test were adopted for statistical analysis. Results： Histomorphometric analysis revealed newlyformed bones, and calcium citrate has been absorbed in the treatment group. The percent of newly formed bone area in femoral condyle in control group and CC-rhBMP-2 group was respectively 31.73%±1.26% vs 48.21%±2.37% at 2 weeks; 43.40%±1.65% vs 57.32%±1.47% at 4 weeks, and 51.32%±7.80% vs 66.74%±4.05% at 6 weeks （P〈0.05 for all）. At 2 weeks, mature cancellous bone was observed to be already formed in the treatment group. Conclusion： From this study, it can be concluded that calcium citrate combined with rhBMP-2 signifcantly enhances bone regeneration in bone defects. This synthetic gelatin matrix stimulates formation of new bone and bone marrow in the defect areas by releasing calcium ions.

关键词： Bone morphogenetic protein-2 biocompatible materials Calcium citrate Gelatin

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Polymeric Biomaterials: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Applications, Volume 2 1

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2013年

作者： Severian Dumitriu and Valentin Popa

ISBN: (数字)9781420094695

ISBN: (纸本)9780367380403

Biomaterials have had a major impact on the practice of contemporary medicine and patient care. Growing into a major interdisciplinary effort involving chemists, biologists, engineers, and physicians, biomaterials development has enabled the creation of high-quality devices, implants, and drug carriers with greater biocompatibility and biofunctiona

关键词： Polymers in medicine Polymers biocompatible materials Regenerative Medicine

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Novel three-dimensional nerve tissue engineering scaffolds and its biocompatibility with Schwann cells

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2009年第3期12卷 133-137页

作者：袁健东聂闻博傅强连小峰侯铁胜郯志清 Department of Orthopaedics Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China

Objective： To develop a novel scaffolding method for the copolymers poly lactide-co-glycolide acid （PLGA） to construct a three-dimensional （3-D） scaffold and explore its biocompatibility through culturing Schwann cells （SCs） on it. Methods： The 3-D scaffolds were made by means of melt spinning, extension and weaving. The queueing discipline of the micro-channels were observed under a scanning electronic microscope （SEM）.The sizes of the micropores and the factors of porosity were also measured. Sciatic nerves were harvested from 3-day-old Sprague Dawley （SD） rats for culture of SCs. SCs were separated, purified, and then implanted on PLGA scaffolds, gelatin sponge and poly-L-lysine （PLL）-coated tissue culture poly-styrene （TCPS） were used as biomaterial and cell-supportive controls, respectively. The effect of PLGA on the adherence, proliferation and apoptosis of SCs were examined in vitro in comparison with gelatin sponge and TCPS. Results： The micro-channels arrayed in parallel manners, and the pore sizes of the channels were uniform. No significant difference was found in the activity of Schwann cells cultured on PLGA and those on TCPS （P〉0.05）, and the DNA of PLGA scaffolds was not damaged. Conclusion： The 3-D scaffolds developed in this study have excellent structure and biocompatibility, which may be taken as a novel scaffold candidate for nerve-tissue engineering.

关键词： Schwann cell Tissue engineering biocompatible materials

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To fabricate artificial nerves with tissue engineering methods

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2002年第4期5卷 214-218页

作者：程飚陈峥嵘 Department of Orthopaedics Zhongshan HospitalMedical Center of Fudan University

Objective: To fabricate artificial nerves with tissue engineering methods in vitro. Methods: Schwann cells (SCs) were cultured and seeded on polyglactin 910 fibers wrapped by biomembrane coated with rat tail glue and laminin for 2 weeks. The absorbability on the scaffolds, growth and migration of SCs were assessed with a light microscope, a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. Results: SCs could migrate and proliferate on polyglactin 910 fibers. They were well distributed between scaffolds and absorbed on surface of scaffolds and formed a bungner band, on which SCs produced more matrices. SCs seeded on the biomembrane could also grow well. Axon regeneration in the distal nerve stump was observed at 8 weeks. Conclusions: Adult SCs can be expanded on coated fibers and biomembrane. Three dimensional scaffold of SCs has the basic characteristics of artificial nerves. These findings offer a novel method to fabricate artificial nerves with tissue engineering methods for repairing defected long nerves.

关键词： Schwann cells Cells, cultured biocompatible materials Tissue engineering

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