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The allocation between egg size and clutch size depends on local nest survival rate in a mean of bet-hedging in a shorebird

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 465-474页

作者： Zitan Song Xin Lin Pinjia Que Naerhulan Halimubieke Qin Huang Zhengwang Zhang Tamás Székely Yang Liu State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol College of Ecology/School of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Milner Centre for Evolution Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBath BA17AYUK Department of Evolutionary Zoology University of DebrecenDebrecen 4032Hungary

Background:The allocation of resources between offspring size and number is a central question of life-history *** several studies have tested the existence of this trade-off,few studies have investigated how environmental variation influences the allocation of resources to offspring size and offspring ***,the relationship between population dynamics and the offspring size and number allocation is far less ***:We investigate whether resource allocation between egg size and clutch size is influenced by the ambient temperature and whether it may be related to apparent nest survival *** measured 1548 eggs from 541 nests of two closely related shorebird species,the Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus)and the White-faced Plover(***)in China,in four populations that exhibit contrasting ambient *** weighed females,monitored nest survival,and calculated the variance of ambient ***:Although we found that egg size and clutch size were all different between the four breeding populations,the reproductive investment(*** clutch volume)was similar between *** also found that populations with a high survival rate had relatively larger eggs and a smaller clutch than populations with a low nest survival *** latter result is in line with a conservative/diversified bet-hedging ***:Our findings suggest that plovers may increasing fitness by investing fewer,larger or many,small according local nest survival rate to make a similar investment in reproduction,and thereby may have an impact on population demography.

关键词： Ambient temperature bet-hedging strategy Nest survival rate Resource allocation Shorebirds

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High Altitude Frogs (Rana kukonoris) Adopt a Diversified bethedging strategy in the Face of Environmental Unpredictability

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Asian Herpetological Research 2018年第1期9卷 43-49页

作者： Wei CHEN Liqing PENG Lichun JIANG David A.PIKE Christopher R.FRIESEN Gregory BROWN Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Mianyang Normal University Department of Biology Rhodes College School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney

Environmental unpredictability can influence strategies of maternal investment among eggs within a clutch. Models predict that breeding females should adopt a diversified bet-hedging strategy in unpredictable environments, but empirical field evidence from Asia is scarce. Here we tested this hypothesis by exploring spatial patterns in egg size along an altitudinal gradient in a frog species （Rana kukunoris） inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau. Within-clutch variability in egg size increased as the environment became variable （e.g., lower mean monthly temperature and mean monthly rainfall at higher altitudes）, and populations in environments with more unpredictable rainfall produced eggs that were smaller and more variable in size. We provide support for a diversified bet-hedging strategy in high-altitude environments, which experience dynamic weather patterns and therefore are of unpredictable environmental quality. This strategy may be an adaptive response to lower environmental quality and higher unpredictable environmental variance. Such a strategy should increase the likelihood of breeding success and maximize maternal lifetime fitness by producing offspring that are adapted to current environmental conditions. We speculate that in high-altitude environments prone to physical disturbance, breeding females are unable to consistently produce the optimal egg size due to physiological constraints imposed by environmental conditions （e.g., duration of the active season, food availability）. Species and populations whose breeding strategies are adapted to cope with uncertain environmental conditions by adjusting offspring size and therefore quality show a remarkable degree of ability to cope with future climatic changes.

关键词： altitude bet-hedging strategy environmental quality egg size within-clutch variation unpredictable environment

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