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behavioral differences within and among populations of an African cichlid found in divergent and extreme environments

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 33-42页

作者： Richard C. Oldham Lauren M. Pintor Suzanne M. Gray School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Animals are increasingly faced with human?induced stressors that vary in space and time, thus we can expect populati on-level diverge nee in behaviors that help animals to cope with en vironme ntal change. However, empirical evidenee of behavioral trait divergence across environmental extremes is lacking. We tested for variation in behavioral traits among 2 populations of an African cichlid fish (Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae Seegers, 1990) that experience extremes of dissolved oxygen (DO) and turbidity and are known to vary in a number of physiological and life history traits associated with these stressors. Using a comm on garden reari ng experime nt, F1 progeny from wild-caught parents originating from a swamp (low DO, clear) and a river (high DO, turbid) were reared in high DO, clear water. Predator simulation assays were conducted to test for (1) variation in boldness, general activity, and foraging activity between populations,(2) differences in correlations betwee n behaviors with in and across populati ons, and (3) repeatability of behaviors. There was strong evide nee for diverge nee betwee n populati ons, with swamp fish being more bold (i.e.z leaving refuge sooner after a simulated predator attack) and active (i.e., spent more time out of refuge) than river fish. Across populations there were positive correlations between foraging activity and both boldness and general activity;however, within populations, there was only a strong positive relationship between foraging activity and boldness in the river population. Here, we have demonstrated that populations that originate from drastically different environments can produce proge ny that exhibit measurable differences in behaviors and their correlated relati on ships eve n whe n reared un der comm on conditions.

关键词： behavioral correlation behavioral syndrome boldness hypoxia pace of life turbidity

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behavioral Effects of Colorful Lights with Different Spectra on Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2013年第3期19卷 231-234页

作者：李媛葛枫呐刘刚 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Architectural Physics and Environmental Technology Tianjin University Research Institute of Management Science and Engineering Henan University

To investigate the activities of typical night-migrating birds under the light with various spectral compositions during autumn migration,23 Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope were tested under colorful LED lights with different wavelengths and mixed white at 100 *** behavior response as an indicator,the quantitative relationship between the activity level of test birds and illumination stimulation duration was *** was found that the visible light sensitivity of Siberian Rubythroat was the highest for the 478 nm turquoise and decreased towards the 622 nm red.

关键词： migratory bird behavioral research artificial light ecology lighting collision avoidance

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Dark count in single-photon avalanche diodes:A novel statistical behavioral model

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第4期29卷 523-529页

作者： Wen-Juan Yu Yu Zhang Ming-Zhu Xu Xin-Miao Lu School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Dark count is one of the inherent noise types in single-photon diodes,which may restrict the performances of detectors based on these *** formulate better designs for peripheral circuits of such diodes,an accurate statistical behavioral model of dark current must be *** has shown that there are four main mechanisms that contribute to the dark count in single-photon avalanche ***,in the existing dark count models only three models have been considered,thus leading to inaccuracies in these *** resolve these shortcomings,the dark current caused by carrier diffusion in the neutral region is deduced by multiplying the carrier detection probability with the carrier particle current at the boundary of the depletion ***,a comprehensive dark current model is constructed by adding the dark current caused by carrier diffusion to the dark current caused by the other three *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first dark count simulation model into which incorporated simultaneously are the thermal generation,trap-assisted tunneling,band-to-band tunneling mechanisms,and carrier diffusion in neutral regions to evaluate dark count *** comparison between the measured data and the simulation results from the models shows that the proposed model is more accurate than other existing models,and the maximum of accuracy increases up to 31.48%when excess bias voltage equals 3.5 V and temperature is 50℃.

关键词： single-photon avalanche diode dark count statistical behavioral modeling carrier diffusion

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Role of conspecifics and personal experience on behavioral avoidance of contaminated flowers by bumblebees

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 447-455页

作者： Bertrand Fouks Emily G. Robb H. Michael G. Lattorff lnstitut fur Biologie Molekulare Okologie Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Hoher Weg Halle (Saale) Germany Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES) Department of Biosciences University of Oslo Oslo Norway Microbes and Pathogens Biology The Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast United Kingdom lnternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz Leipzig Germany

Pollinators use multiple cues whilst foraging in eluding direct cues from flowers and in direct cues from other pollinators. The use of indirect social cues is common in social in sects, such as honeybees and bumblebees, where a social environment facilitates the ability to use such cues. Bumblebees use cues to forage on flowers according to previous foraging experiences. Flowers are an essential food source for pollinators but also pose a high risk of parasite infection through the shared use of flowers leading to parasite spillover. Nevertheless, bumblebees have evolved behavioral defense mechanisms to limit parasite infection by avoiding contaminated flowers. Mechanisms underlying the avoidance of contaminated flowers by bumblebees are poorly understood. Bumblebees were recorded having the choice to forage on non-contaminated flowers and flowers contaminated by a trypan osome gut parasite, Crithidia bombi. The use of different treatments with presence or absence of con specifics on both con taminated and non-contami nated flowers allowed to investigate the role of social visual cues on their pathogen avoidance behavior. Bumblebees are expected to use social visual cues to avoid contaminated flowers. Our study reveals that the presence of a con specific on flowers either con taminated or not does not help bumblebee foragers avoiding contaminated flowers. Nevertheless, bumblebees whereas gaining experie nee tend to avoid their con specific when placed on contami nated flower and copy it whe n on the non-contami nated flower. Our experime nt suggests a detrime ntal impact of floral see nt on disease avoidanee behavior.

关键词： Host-parasite in teractions social learning pollinators inadvertent social information behavioral immunity copying behavior

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Acute histopathological responses and long-term behavioral outcomes in mice with graded controlled cortical impact injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 997-1003页

作者： Si-Yi Xu Min Liu Yang Gao Yang Cao Jin-Gang Bao Ying-Ying Lin Yong Wang Qi-Zhong Luo Ji-Yao Jiang Chun-Long Zhong Department of Neurosurgery Ren Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine

While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. Mice were subjected to injury at three severities using a Pin-Point^(TM)-controlled cortical impact device to establish secondary brain injury mouse models. Twenty-four hours after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain slices. Compared to the uninjured side, we observed differences of histopathological findings, neuronal degeneration, and glial cell number in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus on the injured side. The Morris water maze task and beam-walking test verified long-term(14–28 days) spatial learning/memory and motor balance. To conclude, the histopathological responses were positively correlated with the degree of damage,as were the long-term behavioral manifestations after controlled cortical impact. All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

关键词： nerve regeneration traumatic brain injury controlled cortical impact histopathology behavioral manifestations neural regeneration

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Understanding the behavioral Differences Between American and German Users: A Data-Driven Study

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2018年第4期1卷 284-296页

作者： Chenxi Yang Yang Chen Qingyuan Gong Xinlei He Yu Xiao Yuhuan Huang Xiaoming Fu School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Engineering Research Center of Cyber Security Auditing and Monitoring Ministry of EducationShanghai 200433China Department of Communications and Networking Aalto University02150 EspooFinland Faculty of European Languages and Cultures Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510420China Institute of Computer Science University of Gottingen37077 GottingenGermany

Given that the USA and Germany are the most populous countries in North America and Western Europe,understanding the behavioral differences between American and German users of online social networks is *** this work,we conduct a data-driven study based on the Yelp Open *** demonstrate the behavioral characteristics of both American and German users from different aspects,i.e.,social connectivity,review styles,and spatiotemporal *** addition,we construct a classification model to accurately recognize American and German users according to the behavioral *** model achieves high classification performance with an F1-score of 0.891 and AUC of 0.949.

关键词： behavioral difference online social networks Yelp machine learning

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A behavioral paradigm to study the persistence of reward memory extinction in Drosophila

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第12期46卷 599-601页

作者： Lingling Wang Qi Yang Binyan Lu Lianzhang Wang Yi Zhong Qian Li Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences MOE Key Laboratory of Protein SciencesIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Drosophila has been proven to be a powerful animal model to study genetic mechanisms underlying different behaviors and diseases(Sokolowski,2001;Bier,2005).Extinction is a process that repeated presentation of a conditioned stimulus without reinforcement results in decreased conditioned responses(Bouton,2004)and receives increasing attention for treating its related diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)and addiction(Milad and Quirk,2012;Milton and Everitt,2012).

关键词： behavioral paradigm study Drosophila

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Comparative analysis of habitation behavioral patterns in spatial configuration of traditional houses in Anhui;Jiangsu;and Zhejiang provinces of China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第1期9卷 54-66页

作者： Jie Ding Shanshan Ma School of Art Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina School of Art Anhui University of Finance&EconomicsBengbuChina School of Education Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

This study investigated the categories of spatial characteristics of traditional houses in Anhui,Jiangsu,and Zhejiang provinces of China by applying syntactic theories and conducting a comparative analysis of their different layout *** houses in the three provinces were selected as measurement samples,and statistical analysis of their spatial variables was conducted through SPSS *** showed that the correlation of depth and integration in the Zhejiang and Jiangsu samples are negative,whereas the samples in Anhui show no *** results further indicated that spaces with high rates of utilization in Zhejiang and Jiangsu dwellings are located at low depths in the spatial configurations,whereas the samples from Anhui show opposite *** housing spatial structures reflect various habitation behavioral patterns in this *** and Jiangsu residents interact more closely with outside spaces in their daily lives,whereas Anhui residents have very limited interaction with outside spaces,thereby reflecting two different modes of living behavior,namely,extroversion and introversion.

关键词： Traditional house behavioral patterns Spatial configuration Anhui Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces

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Characteristics of behavioral and electroence phalogram convulsion sinduced bynicotine and itsdi（＋）t

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 1996年第3期 10-13页

在清醒小鼠上，烟碱游离碱及其重酒石酸盐均可剂量依赖性地诱发行为和脑电惊厥．烟碱游离碱１．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ在所有受试动物上均可诱发行为惊厥伴脑电癫痫样放电，并可被神经元型Ｎ受体拮抗剂美加明拮抗，但不被Ｍ受体拮抗剂阿... 详细信息

在清醒小鼠上，烟碱游离碱及其重酒石酸盐均可剂量依赖性地诱发行为和脑电惊厥．烟碱游离碱１．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ在所有受试动物上均可诱发行为惊厥伴脑电癫痫样放电，并可被神经元型Ｎ受体拮抗剂美加明拮抗，但不被Ｍ受体拮抗剂阿托品和肌肉型Ｎ受体拮抗剂加拉碘铵所拮抗．烟碱重酒石酸盐诱发行为惊厥的作用较强，但诱发脑电惊厥的作用较弱，行为惊厥与脑电惊厥有明确的分离现象．提示烟碱游离碱１．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ诱发行为惊厥与其激动中枢Ｎ受体有关．关键词烟碱；脑；受体，烟碱；惊厥

关键词：重酒石酸盐电惊厥脑电美加明神经元型抗高血压药生化试剂烟碱 phalogram sinduced Characteristics and behavioral bynicotine convulsion electroence itsdi 游离碱受体拮抗剂

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Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression of infertile women: A meta-analysis

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第6期8卷 251-259页

作者： Hossein Mashhadi Abdolahi Morteza Ghojazadeh Salman Abdi Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi Zeinab Nikniaz Leila Nikniaz Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Clinical Psychiatry Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran

Objective:To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression in infertile ***:This study was performed in 2019 by searching Google Scholar,Scopus,PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane library,EMBASE,Proquest,ISI Web of Science,MagIran,SID and *** studies were selected by two reviewers and outcomes of interest were *** meta-analysis was performed using the random effect models.Ⅰ-square statistic test was used for heterogeneity *** of publication bias was also ***:Eleven studies were included in this ***-group differences(cognitive behavioral therapy and control groups)in risk ratio for infertile women's depression was d=-1.36;95%CI=-1.81,-0.90;Pbehavioral therapy is effective in the reduction of depression and anxiety in patients with or withoutin vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection ***,the lack of high-quality studies makes it challenging to make a solid and precise ***-designed studies should be undertaken in the future to confirm these results.

关键词： Cognitive behavioral therapy Anxiety Depression Infertile women Meta-analysis

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