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Science China Chemistry 1995年第4期38卷 438-447页

作者：李毅魏春红田波潘乃穟陈章良 State Key Laboratory for Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering Department of Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Acaderny of SciencesBeijing 100080China

The full-length double-stranded cDNAs of beet necrotie yellow vein virus RNA3 and RNA 4were synthesized by using oligo(dT) 15 as well as RNA3 and RNA4 specific primers, and cloned downstream of the bacteriophage Sp6 RNA polymerase promoter of the transcription vector pGEM3Zf(+). The in vitro "run-off" transcription products obtained in the presence of Sp6 RNA polymerase and template DNA have high biological activities. In the 2 transcription systems, the transcription and capping in 2 separate reactions are more efficient. The simultaneous transcription and capping are not so efficient, but the transcripts are more infectious. Although there are a number of nonviral nucleotide sequences at the 5- and 3’-ends of RNA3 and RNA4 transcripts, the biological activities of both transcripts were not affected. The mechanical coinoculation of sugarbeet roots with the infectious transcripts of the prepared RNA3 and RNA4 and BNYW Rgl isolate has confirmed that RNA3 is the main cause of sugarbeet rhizomania.

关键词： beet necrotic yellow vein virus in vitro transcription function analysis.

Different parts from the whole red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) valorization with stimulatory effects on probiotic lactobacilli and protection against gastrointestinal conditions

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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 673-686页

作者： Sonia Paula Alexandrino de Oliveira Heloisa Maria Almeida do Nascimento Noadia Priscilla Araujo Rodrigues Karoliny Brito Sampaio Marcos dos Santos Lima Maria Lucia da Conceicao Evandro leite de Souza Laboratory of Food Microbiology Department of NutritionHealth Science Center Federal University of ParaibaJoao PessoaPBBrazil Department of Gastronomy Center of Technology and Regional DevelopmentFederal University of ParaibaJoao PessoaPBBrazil Department of Food Technology Federal Institute of Sertao de PernambucoPetrolinaPEBrazil

This study evaluated the effects of freeze-dried red beet(Beta vulgaris L.)root(FDBR)and stem/leaves(FDBSL)on the growth and metabolic activities of the probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05,Lacticaseibacillus casei 26,and Lismosilactobacillus fermentum 296,as well as on their survival and physiological states when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal conditions(SGIC).The changes in the contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of FDBR and FDBSL when exposed to SGIC were also *** and FDBSL had high contents of soluble(5.25 and 11.10 g/100 g)and insoluble fiber(21.43 and 37.03 g/100 g),pectins(8.45 and 9.51 g/100 g),betalains(3.36-28.99 g/100 g),and a variety of phenolic *** and FDBSL stimulated the growth of the probiotic strains with high viable counts(>9 log CFU/mL),the production of acetic,butyric,lactic,and propionic acids,and alterations in the contents of phenolic compounds during 72 h of *** and FDBSL had positive prebiotic activity scores on the tested probiotics(≥0.17)linked to selective stimulatory *** and FDBSL increased the survival and maintenance of active physiological functions in the probiotic during exposure to *** contents of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of FDBR and FDBSL increased after exposure to the stomach conditions,while the antioxidant activity decreased after exposure to intestine *** stimulatory and protective effects of FDBR and FDBSL on probiotic strains could be associated with their dietary fiber and phenolic compound contents,which could be exploited in the formulation of functional foods or dietary supplements.

关键词： beet Lactobacillus Growth promotion Protection Functional ingredient

Experiment and parameter optimization of an automatic row following system for the traction beet combine harvester

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 145-152页

作者： Shenying Wang Xuemei Gao Zhaoyan You Baoliang Peng Huichang Wu Zhichao Hu Yongwei Wang Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310058China

To improve the automation level and operation quality of China's beet harvester and reduce the loss due to damaged and missed excavation,this study used a self-developed sugar beet combine harvester and field simulation experiment platform,based on the single-factor bench test of the automatic row following system in the early stage,taking hydraulic flow A,spring preload B,and forward speed C which have significant influence on performance indices as test factors,and taking the missed excavation rate,breakage rate and reaction time as performance indices,the orthogonal experimental study on the parameter optimization of the three-factor and three-level automatic row following system with the first-order interaction of various factors was carried *** results of the orthogonal experiments were analyzed using range analysis and variance *** results showed that there were differences in the influence degree,factor priority order and first-order interaction,and the optimal parameter combination on each performance index.A weighted comprehensive scoring method was used to optimize and analyze each *** optimal parameter combination of the overall operating performance of the automatic row following system was A 2B 2C 1,that is,the hydraulic flow was 25 L/min,the forward speed was 0.8 m/s,and the spring preload was 198 *** this combination,the response time was 0.496 s,the missed excavation rate was 2.35%,the breakage rate was 3.65%,and the operation quality was relatively good,which can meet the harvest *** comprehensive optimization results were verified by field experiments with different ridge shapes and different planting *** results showed that the mean values of the missed excavation rate of different planting patterns of conventional straight ridges and extremely large"S"ridges were 2.23%and 2.69%,respectively,and the maximum values were 2.39%and 2.98%,respectively;the average damage rates were 3.38%and 4.14%,and the maxi

关键词： beet combine harvester traction type parameter optimization automatic row following

Biological effect on sugar beet seeds induced by ion implantation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第14期44卷 1286-1289页

作者： Xianxian Zeng Yanfei Wang Shifeng Zhang Aligen Ping Bu Jun Liu Huajun Liu Xinjing Inst Technol Urumqi 830008 Peoples R China Xinjiang Acad Agr Sci Inst Econ Crops Urumqi 830000 Peoples R China

Through experimental analysis of peroxidase isozyme in the leaves of sugar beets, it has been verified that the enzyme activity of dry sugar beet seeds is closely connected with the doses of N+ ion implanted, and that low dosage implantation helps to bring about enzyme activation. Meanwhile, new enzyme bands appear, and the growing quantity and trend of sugar beets increase distinctly. The best result can be obtained when the dose of ion implantation is 4x1016N+/cm2 and the number of pulse is 60 times.

关键词： sugar beet N+ ion implantation peroxidase isozyme growing quantity.

Response Surface Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugar beet Leaves into Fermentable Sugars for Bioethanol Production

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 51-67页

作者： Natthiporn Aramrueang Steven M. Zicari Ruihong Zhang Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California Davis CA USA Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Sugar beet leaves are the major crop waste from sugar beet production, while the unused leaves contain a high number of sugars and polysaccharides. The effects of different enzyme products (cellulase, Cellic CTec2;xylanase, Cellic HTec2;and pectinase, Pectinex Ultra SPL) were determined during high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves at 10% total solids (TS) content. Response surface methodology was used to study the effects of enzyme loadings during the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves for producing fermentable sugars. It was found that both cellulases and pectinases are important enzymes for the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves. Enzyme loading and reaction time were important factors. Based on the amount of sugars released, a maximum sugar conversion of 82% was achieved after 72 h of hydrolysis using 30 filter paper unit (FPU) g-1 glucan for cellulase and 150 polygalacturonase unit (PGU) g-1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase, or 37 FPU g-1 glucan for cellulase and 100 PGU g-1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase. The corresponding sugar yield and sugar concentration were 0.35 g·g-1 TS, and 35 g·l-1, respectively. Sugar conversion ranged from 59% - 70%, 68% - 80%, and 74% - 82% after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of hydrolysis depending on the design conditions.

关键词： Enzyme Hydrolysis Sugar beet Leaves Response Surface Methodology Sugar Conversion

Assessment of Cultivation Method for Energy beet Based on LCA Method

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Asian Agricultural Research 2014年第2期6卷 49-55,59页

作者： Chunfeng ZHANG Feng LIU Yuangang ZU Qingying MENG Baoguo ZHU Nannan WANG Center for Post-doctoral Studies Northeast Forestry University Center for Post-doctoral Studies Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

In order to establish a supply system for energy resource coupled with the environment,the production technology of sugar beets was explored as a biological energy source. The low-humic andosol as the experimental soil,the panting method was direct planting,and cultivation technique was minimum tillage direct planting method. The control was conventional tillage transplant and no tillage direct planting. The results demonstrated that data revealed that the energy cost of no tillage and a direct planting method was 105 GJ/hm2on average for two years,while that of the conventional tillage method was 112 GJ/hm2per year. The ratio of output to input showed that the direct planting with no tillage was more efficient( 3. 61) than the conventional tillage( 3. 01). Moreover,the emission of CO2into the atmosphere with no tillage and the direct planting was 71% of the conventional tillage planting technique. Therefore,direct planting without tillage reduces the impact on the environment.

关键词： beet Cultivation methods LCA(Life Cycle Assessment

Competitive Relationships and Yield Advantage of Intercropping Faba Bean with Sugar beet under Bio-Organic Additives and Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第4期11卷 369-389页

作者： Y. E. El-Ghobashi A. E. M. Eata Crop Intensification Research Department Field Crops Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt Department of Vegetable Research Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt

A field experiment was conducted at El-Serw Agricultural Research Station, Damietta Governorate, Egypt during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons to reduce mineral N inputs of sugar beet with increased land use efficiency and profitability under intercropping conditions. Seven treatments included five treatments (90 kg nitrogen “N” + 30 m3 farm yard manure “FYM”/fad, 80 kg N +30 m3 FYM/fad, 70 kg N +30 m3 FYM/fad and 400 g of Cerealine + 30 m3 FYM/fad for intercropping faba bean cultivar Spanish with sugar beet cultivar Gloria) and two treatments (90 and 20 kg N/fad for solid culture of sugar beet and faba bean, respectively, as recommended mineral N fertilizer rate) were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Solid culture of sugar beet with the application of recommended rate (90 kg N/fad) gave the highest top, root and sugar yields/fad, as well as the percentage of purity compared with the other treatments in both seasons. Intercropping faba bean with sugar beet plants with application of 90 kg N + 30 m3 FYM/fad gave the highest number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant, root length, root diameter and root weight/plant followed by intercropped sugar beet plants that fertilized with 80 kg N + 30 m3 FYM/fad compared with the other treatments in both seasons. On the other hand, intercropped sugar beet that received 400 g of Cerealine + 30 m3 FYM/fad had the highest percentages of T.S.S. and sucrose followed by 70 kg N + 30 m3 FYM/fad compared with the other treatments in both seasons. Solid culture of faba bean with the application of 20 kg N/fad gave the highest plant height, number of seeds/pod and seed yield/fad, meanwhile the highest number of branches/plant and pod length were achieved by intercropping faba bean with sugar beet with application of 90 kg N + 30 m3 FYM/fad followed by intercropped faba bean plants that fertilized with 80 kg N + 30 m3 FYM/fad compared with the other treatments in both seasons. However, intercropped faba

关键词： Intercropping Sugar beet Faba Bean Mineral N Fertilizer FYM Cerealine Competitive Relationships Intercropping Economic Advantage

Molecular characterization of a new type of cytoplasmic male sterile sugar beet

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Science China(Life Sciences) 1996年第1期39卷 53-62页

作者：谢纬武康传红王继志王斌郭德栋 Institute of Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute of Biology Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150086China

A line (named Cl) of cytoplasmic sterility of sugar beet whose cytoplasm derived from Betacicla Turkey was obtained by interspecific hybrid. Its cytoplasm and a spontaneous male sterile cytoplasm from wild beet Beta maritima (named M) were compared with that of Owen's sterile line (S-cms) and a common maintainer of them named N was used as control. RFLP and RAPD methods were mainly used in our experiments. The restriction fragment patterns of mtDNAs were found to be likely but for a few of specific low-lighted electrophoresis bands in Cl. The results of Southern hybridization of six heterogeneous mitochondrial genes as probes to digests of mtDNAs by six restriction enzymes showed to be analogous between S and M lines. But the Cl mtDNA was sorted out by hybridization of atpA probe. Difference of low-molecular-weight mitochondrial DNAs was found among the three sterile lines. Three RNA molecules weighing about 4.2kb stably existed in Cl mitochondria. Our results of RAPD also supported that the Cl cytoplasm was a new type of cms. And M was different from S in RAPD analysis of mtDNA.N was similar to the three sterile lines in mtDNA restriction patterns. But its specific hybridization fragments and RAPD products were found, which may correlate with its fertile strait.

关键词： cytoplasmic male sterility mitochondrial ONA RFLP RAPD sugar beet

Effect of Salinity and Potassium Enrichment on Some Growth Attributes in Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2019年第3期9卷 152-159页

作者： Fadi Abbas Entessar Al-Jbawi Homs Agricultural Research Center General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR) Damascus Syria Sugar beet Research Department Crops Research Administration GCSAR Damascus Syria

A pot experiment was conducted during winter growing season of 2014 at Homs Agriculture Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Researches (GCSAR), Syria. A factorial experiment arranged according to complete randomized block design with six replications was used. A combination of four levels of saline irrigation water (tap water, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000 ppm), with three K levels (180, 360 and 540 ppm), was used to evaluate the effects of saline irrigation water and K enrichment on some growth attributes of two sugar beet varieties (Semper and Alligator). Results showed that all studied growth attributes, i.e., leaf area (LA), leaf number (LN), total dry matter (TDM) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were decreased under salinity stress conditions compared to the control, while K enrichment significantly increased some of the studied characters such as LA, TDM and NAR, but the differences in LN were apparent according to increase in K levels. The variety Semper surpassed significantly the variety Alligator in LA, TDM and NAR. Results also indicated a significant interaction between salinity×potassium enrichment, varieties×potassium enrichment and salinity ? varieties.

关键词： Salinity potassium enrichment growth traits sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Time of Application of <i>S</i>-Metolachlor Affects Growth, Marketable Yield and Quality of Carrot and Red beet

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 546-550页

作者： Darren E. Robinson Kristen E. McNaughton Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Tolerance of carrot and red beet to s-metolachlor at three application timings—pre-emergence to crop (PRE), early postemergence (crop at two to four leaf stage-EPOST), and late postemergence (crop at five to seven leaf stage-LPOST) —was determined from 2008 to 2010. LPOST applications of s-metolachlor reduced carrot above ground plant dry weight, marketable yield and grower payment, but did not affect carrot length. PRE and LPOST applications of s-metolachlor reduced red beet above ground plant dry weight, total marketable yield, yield of No. 2 and No. 3 red beet, and grower payment. Our findings indicate that while carrot may be tolerant to PRE applications of s-metolachlor, applications made after the 5 leaf stage reduced plant dry weight enough to impact marketable yield and grower payment. In red beet, the potential reduction in growth, yield and grade would not justify the utility of a PRE or LPOST applica- tion timing.

关键词： S-Metolachlor Yield Quality Tolerance Application Timing Red beet Carrot