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Near-field wideband channel estimation for extremely large-scale MIMO

Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 283-296页

作者： Mingyao CUI Linglong DAI Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output(XL-MIMO) at millimeter-wave(mm Wave)and terahertz(THz) bands plays an important role in supporting extreme high beamforming gain as well as ultra-wideband spectrum resources. Unfortunately, accurate wideband XL-MIMO channel estimation suffers from a new challenge called the near-field beam split effect. Prior studies either neglect the accurate nearfield channel model or fail to exploit the beam split effect, resulting in poor channel estimation accuracy for wideband XL-MIMO. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a bilinear pattern detection(BPD)-based approach to accurately recover the wideband XL-MIMO channel. Specifically, by analyzing the characteristics of near-field wideband channels, we first reveal the bilinear pattern of the near-field beam split effect, which implies that the sparse support set of near-field channels in both the angle and the distance domains can be regarded as a linear function against frequency. Then, inspired by the classical simultaneously orthogonal matching pursuit technique, we use the bilinear pattern to estimate the angle-of-arrival(Ao A) and distance parameters of each near-field path component at all frequencies. In this way, the entire wideband XL-MIMO channel can be recovered by compressed sensing algorithms. Moreover, we provide the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm compared with existing algorithms. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve the accurate estimation of the near-field wideband XL-MIMO channel in the presence of near-field beam split effect.

关键词： XL-MIMO wideband near-field beam split channel estimation

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Wideband Channel Estimation for THz Massive MIMO

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China Communications 2021年第5期18卷 66-80页

作者： Jingbo Tan Linglong Dai Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)as well as the Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Terahertz(THz)communication is considered to be a promising technology for future 6G network.To overcome the severe attenuation and relieve the high power consumption,massive multipleinput multiple-output(MIMO)with hybrid precoding has been widely considered for THz communication.However,accurate wideband channel estimation,which is essential for hybrid precoding,is challenging in THz massive MIMO systems.The existing wideband channel estimation schemes based on the ideal assumption of common sparse channel support will suffer from a severe performance loss due to the beam split effect.In this paper,we propose a beam split pattern detection based channel estimation scheme to realize reliable wideband channel estimation in THz massive MIMO systems.Specifically,a comprehensive analysis on the angle-domain sparse structure of the wideband channel is provided by considering the beam split effect.Based on the analysis,we define a series of index sets called as beam split patterns,which are proved to have a one-to-one match to different physical channel directions.Inspired by this one-to-one match,we propose to estimate the physical channel direction by exploiting beam split patterns at first.Then,the sparse channel supports at different subcarriers can be obtained by utilizing a support detection window.This support detection window is generated by expanding the beam split pattern which is determined by the obtained physical channel direction.The above estimation procedure will be repeated path by path until all path components are estimated.Finally,the wideband channel can be recovered by calculating the elements on the total sparse channel support at all subcarriers.The proposed scheme exploits the wideband channel property implied by the beam split effect,i.e.,beam split pattern,which can significantly improve the channel estimation accuracy.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is able to achieve higher accuracy than existing schemes.

关键词： THz communication massive MIMO hybrid precoding beam split wideband channel estimation

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