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Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injectorⅡ

Chinese Physics C 2016年第5期40卷 106-110页

作者：高郑何源王贤武常玮张瑞锋朱正龙张生虎陈奇 Tom Powers Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049.China Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport NewsVA 23606USA

Significant transient beam loading effects were observed during beam commissioning tests of prototype II of the injector for the accelerator driven sub-critical （ADS） system, which took place at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, between October and December 2014. During these tests experiments were performed with continuous wave （CW） operation of the cavities with pulsed beam current, and the system was configured to make use of a prototype digital low level radio frequency （LLRF） controller. The system was originally operated in pulsed mode with a simple proportional plus integral and deviation （PID） feedback control algorithm, which was not able to maintain the desired gradient regulation during pulsed 10 mA beam operations. A unique simple transient beam loading compensation method which made use of a combination of proportional and integral （PI） feedback and feedforward control algorithm was implemented in order to significantly reduce the beam induced transient effect in the cavity gradients. The superconducting cavity field variation was reduced to less than 1.7% after turning on this control algorithm. The design and experimental results of this system are presented in this paper.

关键词： beam loading LLRF feedforward cavity FPGA

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Suppression of longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities with RF feedback systems in CEPC main ring

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辐射探测技术与方法(英文) 2023年第2期7卷 210-219页

作者： Hang Zhu Tianmu Xin Jiyuan Zhai Jianping Dai The Institute of High Energy Physics The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Background Circular electron positron collider(CEPC)is a 100-km electron positron collider proposed by *** longitudinal coupled-bunch instability(LCBI)of CEPC main ring operating to study the Z particle(Z machine)may be a limiting factor of CEPC and needs to be considered *** The purposes of this paper are to calculate the LCBI caused by the fundamental mode of superconducting RF cavities in CEPC main ring,which is the most critical impedance,and to complete the design of the RF feedback systems suitable for CEPC,whose specifications can suppress the LCBI to a manageable *** The LCBI growth rate in the CEPC main ring is calculated in the frequency *** kinds of RF feedback,i.e.,direct feedback and one-turn delay feedback,are simulated with the program to suppress the *** according to the suppression effect of LCBI growth rate after adding RF feedback,the required design parameters are *** Two operation conditions of Z machine have severe LCBI without suppression,and dozens of longitudinal modes are *** the direct RF feedback is needed to suppress LCBI in the case of Z-30 MW,while both the direct RF feedback with maximum gain and one-turn feedback are needed in the case of Z-50 *** LCBI growth rates can be reduced to the order of half frequency of the synchronous *** The LCBI of CEPC Z machine has been *** appropriate feedback RF feedback can reduce the LCBI to an acceptable value that bunch by bunch feedback can suppress.

关键词： CEPC beam loading Coupled-bunch mode LCBI Impedance of fundamental mode RF feedback

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Cavity fundamental mode and beam interaction in CEPC main ring

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2018年第1期2卷 113-121页

作者： Dianjun Gong Jie Gao Jiyuan Zhai Dou Wang Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina

Background CEPC is a 100-kilometer-long electron-position collider,aiming to produce Higgs,W and *** ring(DR)is the baseline design of its main ring,and advanced partial double ring(APDR)is the alternative *** The purpose of this paper is to study the beam loading effects and the corresponding longitudinal beam dynamics of CEPC DR and *** The phase shift of the bunches modulated by the bunch gap is calculated with the approximation formulas and simulated with the *** these methods are compared,and the application conditions of them are also *** addition,the longitudinal coupled-bunch instability in CEPC main ring is calculated by analytical *** In CEPC DR high-lumi Z,the phase shift can be reduced to 0.51 deg(°).Besides,the total number of unstable longitudinal modes is 15 in CEPC DR high-lumi Z when no feedback system is *** The phase shift of the bunches in CEPC can be reduced to an acceptable value if the optimal filling pattern is *** CEPC APDR,the RF parameters are calculated and the beam loading effects are tolerable.

关键词： CEPC Main ring Fundamental mode beam loading Phase shift CBI

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A prototype RF power source for CSNS/RCS

A prototype RF power source for CSNS/RCS

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第一届中国粒子加速器会议

作者： HUANG WeiLing SUN Hong ZHAO HaiQi LIU Yu LI YanDong QIAO ZhiGuang LI Xiao ZHANG ChunLin Accelerator Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

A prototype RF power source has been built to supply high RF power to a ferrite-loaded cavity,which is a part of R & D of the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS/RCS).A direct fast RF feedback amplifier,a 4:1 impedance transformer and auto tuning grid were locally located to compensate the heavy beam loading of CSNS/*** and commissioning of the RF power source is discussed here,also with some advice on system improvement.

关键词： RF power source synchrotron beam loading RF feedback amplifier

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A phenomenological model of the fundamental power coupler for a superconducting resonator

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第5期34卷 33-46页

作者： Ran Huang Yuan He Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

In this study,a phenomenological model of the radio frequency(RF)behavior of a superconducting cavity fundamental power coupler is proposed by analyzing the simulation results of a transient beam-loading process in an extremely overcoupled superconducting *** this phenomenological model,the calculation of the transient reflected power from a superconducting cavity under beam loading can be mathematically simplified to algebraic operations without solving the differential equation governing the transient beam-loading process,while maintaining the calculation ***,this phenomenological model can facilitate an intuitive understanding of the significant surge in the time evolution of reflected power from a superconducting cavity in certain beam-loading *** validity of this phenomenological model was carefully examined in various beam-loading processes and cavity conditions,and the method based on this phenomenological model was utilized in the transient RF analysis of the superconducting cavity system of the CAFe Linac,achieving satisfactory results.

关键词： Power coupler Reflected power Superconducting cavity beam loading

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