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Tectonic features,genetic mechanisms and basin evolution of the eastern Doseo basin,Chad

Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第5期50卷 1151-1166页

作者： GAO Huahua DU Yebo WANG Lin GAO Simin HU Jie BAI Jianfeng MA Hong WANG Yuhua ZHANG Xinshun LIU Hao China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation Beijing 100034China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Company Jiuquan 735019China Research Institute of Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting Inc. CNPCZhuozhou 072751China

The features of the unconformity,fault and tectonic inversion in the eastern Doseo basin,Chad,were analyzed,and the genetic mechanisms and basin evolution were discussed using seismic and drilling *** following results are ***,four stratigraphic unconformities,***(Tg),Mangara Group(T10),lower Upper Cretaceous(T5)and Cretaceous(T4),four faulting stages,*** extensional faults,Aptian–Coniacian strike-slip faults,Campanian strike-slip faults,and Eocene strike-slip faults,and two tectonic inversions,*** and end of Cretaceous,were developed in the Doseo ***,the Doseo basin was an early failed intracontinental passive rift basin transformed by the strike-slip movement and tectonic *** initial rifting between the African and South American plates induced the nearly N-S stretching of the Doseo basin,giving rise to the formation of the embryonic Doseo rift *** nearly E-W strike-slip movement of Borogop(F1)in the western section of the Central African Shear Zone resulted in the gradual cease of the near north-south rifting and long-term strike-slip transformation,forming a dextral transtension fault system with inherited activity but gradually weakened in intensity(interrupted by two tectonic inversions).This fault system was composed of the main shear(F1),R-type shear(F2-F3)and P-type shear(F4-F5)faults,with the strike-slip associated faults as *** strike-slip movements of F1 in Cretaceous and Eocene were controlled by the dextral shear opening of the equatorial south Atlantic and rapid expanding of the Indian Ocean,*** combined function of the strike-slip movement of F1 and the convergence between Africa and Eurasia made the Doseo basin underwent the Santonian dextral transpressional inversion characterized by intensive folding deformation leading to the echelon NE-SW and NNE-SSW nose-shaped uplifts and unconformity(T5)on high parts of the *** convergence between Africa and Eu

关键词： Doseo basin Cretaceous unconformity strike-slip fault tectonic inversion genetic mechanism basin evolution

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Geochemistry of the Late Paleozoic cherts in the Youjiang basin:Implications for the basin evolution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第4期2卷 402-421页

作者： Huang Hu Du Yuansheng Yang Jianghai Huang Hongwei Tao Ping Huang Zhiqiang Yu Wenchao Guo Hua State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) General Academy of Geological Survey of Guangxi Guizhou Academy of Geological Survey

We analyzed the major and rare earth element compositions of siliceous deposits from the Upper Devonian Liujiang Formation,Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation,Lower-Middle Permian Sidazhai Formation and Tapi Formation,which are widely distributed as bedded cherts in the interplatform basinal successions of the Youjiang *** Liujiang Formation and Luzhai Formation cherts generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.38-0.94) and are non-hydrothermal *** cherts are generally characterized by moderately negative Ce anomalies and high Y/Ho values relatived to PAAS,indicating that the Youjiang basin might have evolved into an open rift basin during the Late Devonian-Early *** Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun generally have high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.60-0.78),suggesting negligible contribution from a hydrothermal *** Sidazhai Formation cherts from Hechi and the Tapi Formation cherts from Malipo generally have low Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) values(0.09-0.41),indicating an intense hydrothermal *** to the Sidazhai Formation cherts,the Tapi Formation cherts have higher Ce/Ce*values(0.68±0.19) and lower Y/Ho values(41.83±13.27),which may be affected by the terrigenous input from the Vietnam *** Sidazhai Formation cherts from Ziyun and Hechi exhibit negative Ce anomalies(0.43±0.12,0.33±0.17,respectively) with high Y/Ho values(57.44±16.20,46.02±4.27,respectively),resembling the geochemical characteristics of open-ocean basin *** cherts were deposited on a passive continental margin adjacent to the Babu branch ocean,which may have contributed to *** spatial studies on geochemical characteristics of the Late Paleozoic cherts can unravel the evolution of the Youjiang basin.

关键词： Late Paleozoic chert Liujiang Formation Luzhai Formation Sidazhai Formation Tapi Formation basin evolution Youjiang basin Yangtze Block Vietnam Block

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Hydrothermal venting and basin evolution(Devonian,South China):Constraints from rare earth element geochemistry of chert

Hydrothermal venting and basin evolution(Devonian,South Chin...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2006学术年会

作者： Daizhao Chen~a,Hairuo Qing~b,Xin Yan~a and He Li~a (a Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,PO Box 9825,Beijing 100029,China) (b Department of Geology,University of Regina,Regina,SK,Canada S4S 0A2)

This paper presents rare earth element(REE) geochemistry of siliceous deposits from which hydrothermal activity and basin evolution are elucidated,in the Late Devonian,in the Yangshuo basin,South China,where siliceous deposits widely occurred as nodular chert in the deep-water limestones and bedded chert interbeded with tuffaceous chert in the early Late *** nodular and bedded cherts are characterized by very low La abundances(avg. 2.07 and 2.49 ppm,respectively),intermediate negative Ce anomalies(Ce/Ce*:avg.0.69 and 0.61),slight to intermediate positive Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*:avg.1.33 and 1.57),and low to intermediate shale-normalized La/Yb values(avg.0.86 and 0.52) and intermediate La/Ce values(avg.1.61 and 1.72).These suggest both nodular and bedded cherts formed in the open marine basin of South China,rather than in the intracontinental rift basin as previously assumed, with involvement both with seawaters as indicated by intermediate negative Ce anomalies and generally LREE-depleted patterns,and hydrothermal vent fluids as indicated by convex,less LREE-depleted patterns with apparent positive Eu *** comparison with nodular and bedded chert,the tuffaceous chert has the highest La abundances(avg.17.11 ppm),similar ranges of Ce anomalies(avg.0.63) and La/Ce values(avg.1.77),but lower La/Yb values(avg.0.48) and no apparent positive Eu anomalies(avg.0.97).This suggests that the tuffaceous fallouts were also significantly modified by the hydrothermal fluid and *** spatial variations of Eu/Eu* values and degree of LREE-depletions in the studied basin are recognized,characterizing a spatially differential hydothermal activity that is not well discriminated by major element *** a difference in hydrothermal activity is interpreted as having been related to the intensity and depth of syndepositional tectonic activity,reconciling the structural pattern unraveled by stratigraphic packages.

关键词： REE patterns chert hydrothermal activity basin evolution open marine basin Late Devonian South China

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Upwelling Process of the Western Himalaya Mountains:Height and Velocity Estimation Evidenced by Formation and evolution of the Zanda basin,Tibet,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第2期84卷 280-295页

作者： ZHU Dagang MENG Xian＇ gang SHAO Zhaogang YANG Chaobin HAN Jian＇en YU Jia MENG Qingwei Lü Rongping Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement ＆ Geohazard Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing 100081 China Bureau of Land and Resources Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa Tibet 850000 China

Based on field geological survey, stratigraphic section measurement and indoor comprehensive investigation, the Zanda basin＇s tectonic location in the Himalaya Plate was ascertained, and the formation and evolution of the Zanda basin during the Pliocene to Early Pleistocene was classified as six stages：（a） primary rift-faulting stage, （b） quick rift-faulting Stage, （c） intensive rift-faulting stage, （d） stasis stage, （e） secondary rift-faulting stage, and （f） secondary quick rift-faulting stage. Based on this six-staged formation-evolution theory of the Zanda basin, the upwelling process of the Western Himalaya Mountains from the Pliocene to Early Pleistocene was classified as the following five stages：（a） slow upwelling stage （5.4-4.4 Ma）, （b） mid-velocity upwelling stage （4.4-3.5 Ma）, （c） quick upwelling stage （3.5-3.2 Ma）, （d） upwelling-ceasing stage （3.2-2.7 Ma）, and （e） quick upwelling stage （2.7 Ma）. Research has shown that in the duration from the Early Pliocene （4.7 Ma） to the End of Pliocene （2.67 Ma）, which lasted 2.03 million years, the Himalaya Mountains had uplifted 1500 m at a velocity of 0.74 mm/a; this belongs to a mid-velocity upwening. During the 1.31 million years in the Early Stage of the Early Pleistocene, the Himalaya Mountains had risen up another 1500 m at a velocity of 1.15 mm/a; this is a rather quick upwelling. All of these data have shown that the upwelling of the Western Himalaya Mountains is along a complicated process with multi-stages, multi-velocities, and non-uniformitarian features.

关键词： Zanda basin Pliocene to Early Pleistocene basin evolution mountain upwelling Western Himalaya Mountains.

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The important turning points during evolution of Cenozoic basin offshore the Bohai Sea:Evidence and regional dynamics analysis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第6期55卷 476-487页

作者： HUANG Lei LIU ChiYang ZHOU XinHuai WANG YingBin State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Tianjin Branch of CNOOC China Limited Tianjin 300451China

The Cenozoic basin offshore the Bohai Sea underwent a multicycle-rifting during its evolutionary process, which resulted in the multiple unconformities in the strata. The tectonic activities shown by these unconformities have different manifestations and influences on the basin evolution. The authors systematically analyze the tectonic evolution characteristics of the sags off-shore the Bohai Sea with a large set of hydrocarbon exploration data. The analysis reveals that two phases of tectonic activities during the late depositional stage of the third member of Shahejie Formation (about 38 Ma) and the late depositional stage of Dongying Formation (about 24 Ma) reflect the significant changes in the basin's features and structural framework before and after these tectonic activities. As a result, the two phases of tectonic activities are recognized as important turning points (i.e., tectonic transitions) of Cenozoic basin evolution. The regional dynamic backgrounds of the two phases of tectonic transitions are also discussed. It is suggested that the early tectonic transition occurred at about 38 Ma under such regional dynamic back- ground that a huge kinematics adjustment happened between Eurasian Plate and its neighboring plates, i.e., Pacific Plate and Indian Plate. Meanwhile, the Tan-Lu Fault's slip reversed from left lateral to right lateral. The late tectonic transition occurred in late Paleogene (about 24 Ma) and reflected the Himalayan orogeny's influence on the Chinese continent and even the Asian continent; at the same time, the stress field produced by the escape tectonics was related to the Himalayan orogeny, superposed on the pre-existing stress field, and then enhanced the right lateral slip activity of the Tan-Lu Fault.

关键词： offshore the Bohai Sea tectonic transition Tan-Lu Fault late depositional stage of the third member of Shahejie Formation late Paleogene basin evolution

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Characteristics of platinum-group elements in basalts from spreading axis of Mariana Trough

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第4期26卷 63-71页

作者： CAO Zhimin ZHENG Jianbin ZHOU Meifu AN Wei QI Liang College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China China Offshore Environmental Service Ltd Tanggu 300452 China Department of Earth Sciences University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China

Total platinum-group elements （PGEs） abundances in basalts from the spreading axis of Mariana Trough ranged from 0.418 × 10^9 to 1. 022 × 10^-9, and primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns are of positive slope showing the relative enrichment of PPGE （ platinum, palladium, rhodium） and gold relative to IPGE. Compared with other mantle-originated rocks, these basalts have lower PGE contents and wider ranges of primitive mantle-normalized ratios of palladium content to iridium one, palladium content to platinum one and palladium content to gold one exhibiting relative platinum and iridium depletion. Characteristics of PGE patterns indicated that the studied Mariana Trough basalts originated from low partial melting, and the MORB mantle beneath the spreading center had been contaminated by the are-island mantle. In the aspect of trace elements, Mariana Trough basalts showed the enrichment of LILE, lead and LREE, indicating that they had been influenced by subduetion compositions. All these demonstrated that Mariana Trough basalts are products of partial melting from a mixed mantle （ the contamination of MORB mantle by are-island mantle）.

关键词： back-arc basin basalt platinum-group elements negative platinum anomaly subduction zone basin evolution

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Hack's law of debris-flow basins

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第1期24卷 74-87页

作者： LEE C. F BEIGHLEY R. E Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road 2. Director Soil Erosion Research Laboratory Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering San Diego State University

Hack’s law was originally derived from basin statistics for varied spatial scales and regions. The exponent value of the law has been shown to vary between 0.47 and 0.70,causing uncertainty in its application. This paper focuses on the emergence of Hack’s law from debris-flow basins in China. Over 5,000 debris-flow basins in different regions of China with drainage areas less than 100km2 are included in this study. basins in the different regions are found to present similar distributions. Hack’s law is derived from maximum probability and conditional distributions,suggesting that the law should describe some critical state of basin evolution. Results suggest the exponent value is approximately 0.5. Further analysis indicates that Hack’s law is related to other scaling laws underlying the evolution of a basin and that the exponent is not dependent on basin shape but rather on the evolutionary stage. A case study of a well known debris-flow basin further confirms Hack’s law and its implications in basin evolution.

关键词： Debris-flow basins Hack’s law Scaling laws basin evolution

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Numerical Simulation for evolutionary History of Three-Dimensional basin

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 1994年第5期15卷 435-446页

作者：袁益让王文洽羊丹平韩玉笈杨成顺 Department of Mathematics Shandong University Ji'nan Computer Centre of Shenli Petroleum Administration Dongying

Numerical simulation or evolutionary history of an oil and gas-bearing basin is to repeat geological and thermodyanomic history of basin evolution on a computer and then to quantitate petroleum generation,accumulation and *** mathemat-ical model describing geological and thermodynamic history of the basin evolution ischaracterised by an initial-boundary value problem of a system of nonlinear partial dif-ferential equations. In the present paper, a numerical method for three-dimensionalproblem and the analysis of its stability are established and a numerical result for apractical model is given, which shows that the abnormal pressure and paleo-temperat-ure computed are reasonable and display physical characteristics clearly as well.

关键词： oil- and gas-bearing basin basin evolution mathematical model,numerical simulation

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Palinspastic reconstruction and geological evolution of Jurassic basins in Mongolia and neighboring China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第3期2卷 306-317页

作者： Wu Genyao Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The important event in Jurassic tectonics in Mongolia was the subduction and closure of the Mongolia-Okhotsk ocean;correspondingly,basin evolution can be divided into two main stages,related to the orogeny and collapse of the orogenic belt,*** developing of Early-Middle Jurassic basins to the north of the ocean resulted from back-arc *** fossil sutures,from the China-SE Asia sub-continent to the south of the ocean,were rejuvenated by subduction-related orogeny;in addition,the Yanshanian intra-continental movement *** Early-Middle Jurassic molasse basins were developed by movement in Inner Mongolia,all of which stretched westwards (or northwards) into Mongolia;therefore,the molasse basins in eastern and southern Mongolia had the same geometric and kinematic features as the basins in the Inner *** to the collapse of the MongoliaOkhotsk orogenic belt,a group of rift basins developed during the Late *** eastern Mongolia,the NE orientated extensional basins were controlled by the neogenic *** contemporary basins in southern Mongolia and the neighboring areas in China were constrained by remobilization (inherited activation) of the latitudinal or ENE-directional basement *** stages can be recognized in the evolution of the Early-Middle Jurassic basins after reversal;the basins also experienced four episodes of reformation.

关键词： back-arc extension molasse basin collapse rift basin evolution basement structure neogenic structure Jurassic Mongolia and neighboring China

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Triassic Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea-Level Changes in Qomolongma Area, Southern Tibet, China: From Epicontinental Sea to Rift basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2000年第3期19卷 47-57页

作者： Shi Xiaoying Faculty of Earth Sciences and Land Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

The Triassic in the Qomolongma area, southern Tibet, was deposited under an extensional tectonic setting from the Pangea supercontinent to continental rifting. From the Induan to Rhaetian, 12 depositional sequences (3rd order) have been recognized, which can be grouped into 5 sequence sets and in turn make up a well defined mesosequence (2nd order). Among the recognized marine transgressions, those at 250 Ma, 239 Ma, 231 Ma and 223 Ma respectively are particularly of significance and can be correlated widely across continents. The study shows that in Triassic the Qomolongma area experienced a sedimentary evolution from epicontinental sea to rift basin with the turning point at ca 228 Ma. During the early and middle epochs, the area was under epeiric sea, with carbonate ramp to mixed shoal environments predominant. In the late Carnian, the strong extension initiated listric faulting, thus resulting in rapid basement subsidence and the onset of a rift basin. From the late Norian to Rhaetian, it manifested as a rapid basin filling process in the area. Coupled with long term sea level fall, the excessive terrigenous influx led to the shift of environment from deep water prodelta to shore and finally to fluvial plain.

关键词： Triassic sequence stratigraphy sea level change cycles basin evolution southern Tibet.

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