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The feasibility of continuous basalt fibre-reinforced polymer application to composite cross-arms

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High Voltage 2023年第3期8卷 590-598页

作者： Yunpeng Liu Mingjia Zhang Hechen Liu Yunfan Ma Wanxian Wang Xiaohan Dai Jie Liu Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defence North China Electric Power UniversityBaodingChina State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBaodingChina State Grid Hebei Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute ShijiazhuangChina

Composite cross-arms have the advantages of high lightning resistance but impose onerous requirements on mechanical and insulation *** glass fibre composites fail to meet the needs of practical *** fibre exhibits better mechanical properties and stability than glass fibre and has potential application *** study aims to evaluate the feasibility of its application to composite *** mechanical,electrical,and physical properties of basalt fibre-reinforced polymer(BFRP)were investigated and compared with glass fibre-reinforced polymer(GFRP).The results indicate that BFRP has better thermal stability and mechanical properties than *** them,the temperature at the maximum weight loss rate of BFRP is 14℃ higher than that of GFRP,and the tensile and flexural modulus of BFRP is 43%and 29%higher than those of ***,the dielectric losses of BFRP and GFRP at 50 Hz are 2%,and the breakdown field strength is 22 kV/mm,both of which have the same insulation *** meets the requirements of composite cross-arm for quality and reliability to ensure the safety and stability of transmission ***,the interlaminar shear test and SEM show weak interfacial bonding strength between basalt fibre and ***,micro-computed tomography scanning of BFRP and GFRP and 3D construction of their internal microstructures indicate that the pore defect content of BFRP reaches 0.034%,which far exceeds that of *** findings show that the wettability and adhesion between basalt fibre and resin must be *** special sizing agents for basalt fibre is necessary further to improve the mechanical and electrical properties of BFRP.

关键词： fibre basalt composite

SIMS Pb/Pb dating of Zr-rich minerals in lunar meteorites Miller Range 05035 and LaPaz Icefield 02224:Implications for the petrogenesis of mare basalt

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第3期53卷 327-334页

作者： HSU WeiBiao Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

Miller Range (MIL) 05035 and LaPaz Icefield (LAP) 02224 are unbrecciated lunar basalt meteorites. In this report, we studied their petrography and mineralogy and made in situ uranogenic Pb/Pb dating of Zr-rich minerals. Petrography and mineralogy of these two lunar meteorites are consistent with previous investigations. The zirconolite Pb/Pb age of MIL 05035 is 3851±8 Ma (2σ), in excellent agreement with previous reports. This age suggests that MIL 05035 could be paired with Asuka 881757, a low-Ti mare basalt meteorite. The magmatic event related to MIL 05035 was probably due to the late heavy impact bom- bardment on the moon around 3.9 Ga. One baddeleyite grain in LAP 02224 shows a large variation of Pb/Pb age, from 3109±29 to 3547±21 Ma (2σ), much older than the whole-rock age of the same meteorite (~3.02±0.03 Ga). The other baddeleyite grain in LAP 02224 has an age of 3005±17 Ma (2σ). The result indicates that the minimum crystallization age of LAP 02224 is ~3.55 Ga and the younger ages could reflect late thermal disturbance on U-Pb system.

关键词： Pb/Pb dating SIMS zirconolite and baddeleyite lunar meteorite low-Ti mare basalt

Megacrysts in the Cenozoic basalt of the Tuoyun Basin,Southwest Tianshan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第1期50卷 55-66页

作者： LÜ YongJun LUO ZhaoHua REN ZhongBao LIANG Tao State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Abundant megacrysts of clinopyroxene, amphibole, anorthoclase, and phlogopite are found together with deep-seated xenoliths in the Cenozoic basalt of the Tuoyun Basin, Southwest Tianshan. The megacrysts are mainly in the cone sheet formed at the early stage of the volcanic activity. Clinopyroxene megacrysts are located in the lower part of the profile, with amphibole and phlogopite megacrysts in the middle part and anorthoclase megacrysts in the upper part. The crystal integrity, absence of deformation fabric and their relation to the host basalt suggest that they were crystallized from the host magma and quickly transported to the surface. The mineralogical studies imply that the clinopyroxene megacrysts are of Al-augite with higher Al2O3 (>9%). Amphibole megacrysts are kaersutite rich in TiO2 (>4.5%). Sulfide inclusions such as pyrrhotite occur in some clinopyroxene and amphibole megacrysts. Thermodynamic calculations reveal that pyroxene megacrysts formed under the temperature of 1185.85–1199.85°C and the pressure between 1.53 and 1.64 GPa comparable to the crust-mantle boundary and amphibole megacrysts crystallized under the pressure of around 0.85 GPa, temperature about 1000°C comparable to the depth of 30 km. Anorthoclase megacrysts crystallized under the pressure between 0.8–1 GPa, temperature about 900°C. The absence of Ti-rich inclusions such as rutile can be considered as an evidence of quick magma ascending. The P-T conditions estimated via pyroxene megacrysts and phenocrysts compose a P-T path with a steep slope. It can be considered as another evidence of quick magma ascending. However, the estimated temperatures for amphibole megacrysts are markedly lower than those for pyroxene megacrysts given the same pressure. It probably shows that the amphiboles have crystallized at the vanguard of magma and under the volatile-rich condition. Thus, we can conclude that the Cenozoic basalts are produced in an extensional tectonic setting and the processes governin

关键词： Tuoyun Basin megacryst clinopyroxene amphibole anorthoclase alkaline basalt Tianshan.

Permian radiolarians, chert and basalt from the Daxinshan Formation in Lancangjiang belt of southwestern Yunnan, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2002年第1期45卷 63-71页

作者：冯庆来 ,沈上越 ,刘本培 ,张伟明 ,钱祥贵 ,Dietrich Helmcke 1. Faculty of Earth Science China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 2. Institute of Geology and Dynamics of the Lithosphere University of Goettingen D-37077 Goettingen Goldschmidtstr. 3 Germany 3. Yunnan Institute of Geological Sciences 650011 Kunming China 4. Regional Geological and Mineral Resources Investigation Institute Yunnan Geo-Exploration Bureau 653100 Yuxi China

The stratigraphical sequences composed of chert and basalt were found in the Daxin-shan area of Simao and the Manbie area of Jinghong, southwestern Yunnan. The Middle Permian to ealiest Late Permian radiolarians, such as Follicucullus and Pseudoalbaillella, have been identified from the chert. The chert from the Manbie area of Jinghong is characterized by high SiO2 content (over 92%), large ratios of MnO/TiO2 (2.15) and low ratios of AI/(AI+Fe+Mn) (≤0.1) and Ce/Ce*(0.4), which indicate that the chert was deposited in pelagic basin. The chert from the Dax-inshan area of Simao, however, is characterized by low SiO2 content, low ratios of MnO/TiO2 (0.27) and high ratios of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) (0.49) and Ce/Ce*(0.88), which imply that the chert was deposited in continental margin basin. The basalts from the both areas belong to tholeiite series, and the chemical compositions of their major, rare earth and trace elements show the characteristics of MORB. These results evidence that there are volcanic rocks and che

关键词： Permian chert basalt geochemistry Lancangjiang belt.

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Tertiary Choke Shield basalt and Continental Flood basalt from the Central Ethiopian Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第1期34卷 86-100页

作者： Junaid Khan Huazhou Yao Junhong Zhao Qiwei Li Wenshuai Xiang Junsheng Jiang Asma Tahir Institute of Geological Survey China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Wuhan Center China Geological SurveyWuhan430205China

The voluminous Choke Shield basalts and flood basalts are distributed in the central Ethiopian *** are tholeiitic in composition and have OIB-like geochemical *** ca.23 Ma Choke Shield basalts have SiO_(2)(47.1 wt.%-59.6 wt.%),MgO(1.01 wt.%-7.8 wt.%),Na_(2)O+K_(2)O(2.7 wt.%-8.4 wt.%),and display right inclined REE patterns((La/Yb)N=21.4-24.2) with enrichment of Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf and Pb in the primitive mantle-normalized trace element *** show low initial ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios(0.703 47-0.703 77) and high ε_(Nd)(t) values(+4.4 to+5.0).In comparison,the 24Ma high-Ti(HT1) flood basalts have SiO_(2)(38.9 wt.%-50.8 wt.%),MgO(3.9 wt.%-11.4 wt.%),Na_(2)O+K_(2)O(1.6 wt.%-5.8 wt.%), and display right inclined REE patterns((La/Yb)N=24-130.3) with enrichment of Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf,and *** also show low initial ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios(0.703 30-0.704 44) and highε_(Nd)(t) values(+2.2 to+5.3).Both types of basalts were contaminated by minor crustal materials and underwent fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene,plagioclase,olivine,and minor Fe-Ti *** Choke Shield basalts were generated by 1%-5% melting of garnet-spinel to phlogopite-bearing spinel lherzolite in a shallow zone of the mantle plume,while the flood basalts were formed by <20% melting of amphibole-bearing garnet to garnet-spinel lherzolite in a deeper zone of the same mantle *** mantle source beneath the central Ethiopian Plateau was significantly heterogeneous during the *** was characterized by EMI and EMII end-members that were formed by the metasomatism of the different components.

关键词： basalt shield basalt continental flood basalt Ethiopian Plateau mantle plume

Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Middle Permian Siliceous Clastics and basalt from Central Qiangtang, Northern Tibet: Implications for the Evolution of Permian

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第2期30卷 286-295页

作者： Xueren Li Jian Wang Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory for Sedimentary Basin and Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Land and Resources Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey

In this study, we report zircon U-Pb age and geochemical data on the Middle Permian siliceous clastics and basalt samples of Lugu Formation collected in the Yaqu region from central Qiangtang. Combined with the published data, we establish the spatial and temporal evolution of the rift in central Qiangtang from the Early to Late Permian. Zircon U-Pb dating by LA-ICP-MS yields a concordant age with a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 266.6±2.8 Ma(n=6, MSWD=0.55) for the basalt. The results of detrital zircons from the siliceous clastics exhibit a prominent population of 257–270 Ma with a maximum depositional age of 265.4±2.6 Ma(n=19, MSWD=2.7) and three minor populations with peak ages of 450, 700–800, 1 800 Ma, as well as one older age of 2 039 Ma, generally coinciding with the geological events that occurred at different epochs in Qiangtang. The basalts display enrichments in highfield-strength elements(HFSE) such as Th, Ta and Hf, but show relative depletion in large-ion-lithophile elements(LILE) such as Ba, K and Sr, as well as slight depletion in Nb and exhibiting no Eu anomalies. All the samples are distributed in the within-plate setting on the Zr vs. Zr/Y and Th/Hf vs. Ta/Hf discrimination diagrams. The integration of these new data together with the regional geological background indicates that the Lugu Formation was formed in a continental rift-related setting of the central Qiangtang terrane during the Middle Permian. We propose a temporal and spatial framework that the continental rift opened as a result of the break-up of Gondwana during the Early Permian, ran to its peak in the Middle Permian and closed in the Late Permian(290–257 Ma), which could be a key constraint on the Permian evolution of Qiangtang.

关键词： zircon U-Pb siliceous clastics basalt Qiangtang Middle Permian

A review of in situ carbon mineralization in basalt

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1467-1485页

作者： Xiaomin Cao Qi Li Liang Xu Yongsheng Tan State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Global warming has greatly threatened the human living environment and carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology is recognized as a promising way to reduce carbon *** storage is considered a reliable option for long-term carbon *** rich in alkaline earth elements facilitates rapid and permanent CO_(2) fixation as ***,the complex CO_(2)-fluid-basalt interaction poses challenges for assessing carbon storage *** different reaction conditions,the carbonation products and carbonation rates *** mineralization reactions also induce petrophysical and mechanical responses,which have potential risks for the long-term injectivity and the carbon storage safety in basalt *** this paper,recent advances in carbon mineralization storage in basalt based on laboratory research are comprehensively *** assessment methods for carbon storage potential are introduced and the carbon trapping mechanisms are investigated with the identification of the controlling *** in pore structure,permeability and mechanical properties in both static reactions and reactive percolation experiments are also *** study could provide insight into challenges as well as perspectives for future research.

关键词： Carbon mineralization basalt CO_(2)-fluid-basalt interaction Petrophysical evolution Mechanical response Carbon capture and storage(CCS)

Geochemical indices of soil development on basalt rocks in arid to sub-humid climosequence of Central Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第7期17卷 1652-1669页

作者： Ahmad HEIDARI Alireza RAHEB Soil Science Department College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranKarajP.O.Box 4111Iran

Quantitative weathering indices are efficient tools in determining the soil development from the underlying *** order to evaluate the effects of climate on the soils developed under an arid to sub-humid climosequence in central Iran,twenty soil-development indices were *** samples from six pedons were analyzed for routine physico-chemical and geochemical analyses using X-ray fluorescence(XRF).The lowest and highest calculated soil development indices were observed in the arid and sub-humid regions *** the studied indices,fifteen indices showed similar trends concerning the intensity of *** consistency of such trends reveals the feasibility of using these indices to evaluate basalt weathering rate and soil development in arid,semi-arid and sub-humid *** study demonstrated that,among the evaluated weathering indices,the Weathering Index of Parker(WIP)and mass transfer coefficient(τ)were the most proper indices for predicting basalt weathering *** is due to the fact that these indices use the highly mobile earth elements which are the most sensitive elements in basalt chemical *** calculated indices were subdivided into three subgroups including the ratios of mobile/immobile,mobile/mobile and immobile/mobile elements based on the elements used in their *** state of soil evolution was more accurately predicted compared to the other subgroups using the mobile/immobile subgroup of ***,the weathering indices calculated using the mobile elements are better indicators of weathering intensity,soil formation and the exogenous processes across the arid to sub-humid climosequence.

关键词： basalt Climosequence Geochemical properties Aridisols Mollisols Inceptisols

Deformation and failure characteristics and fracture evolution of cryptocrystalline basalt

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第5期11卷 990-1003页

作者： Zhenjiang Liu Chuanqing Zhang Chunsheng Zhang Yang Gao Hui Zhou Zhaorong Chang State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited Hangzhou310014China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang110870China

Cryptocrystalline basalt is one of the two major types of rocks exposed in the super large-scale underground powerhouse in Baihetan hydropower station in *** rock of this type shows various sitespecific mechanical responses(***,fracturing,and relaxation)during *** conventional triaxial testing facility MTS 815.03,we obtained the stressestrain curves,macroscopic failure characteristics,and strength characteristics of cryptocrystalline *** this basis,evolution of crack initiation and propagation was explored using the finite-discrete element method(FDEM)to understand the failure mechanism of cryptocrystalline *** test results showed that:(1)under different confining stresses,almost all the pre-peak stressestrain curves of cryptocrystalline basalt were linear and the post-peak stresses decreased rapidly;(2)the cryptocrystalline basalt showed a failure mode in a form of fragmentation under low and medium confining stresses while fragmentation-shear coupling failure dominated at high confining stresses;and(3)the initial strength ratio(sci/sf,where sci and sf are the crack initiation strength and peak strength,respectively)ranged from 0.45 to 0.55 and the damage strength ratio(scd/sf,where scd is the crack damage strength)exceeded *** stressestrain curve characteristics and failure modes of cryptocrystalline basalt could be reflected *** this,FDEM simulation was employed to reveal the characteristics of cryptocrystalline basalt,including high scd/sf values and rapid failure after scd,with respect to the microscopic characteristics of mineral *** results showed that the fragmentation characteristics of cryptocrystalline basalt were closely related to the development of tensile cracks in rock samples prior to ***,the decrease in degree of fragmentation with increasing confining stress was also correlated with the dominant effect of confining stress on the tensile cracks.

关键词： Baihetan hydropower station Cryptocrystalline basalt Deformation and failure characteristics Characteristic strengths Crack propagation evolution