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Human Brain Slice Culture: A Useful Tool to Study Brain Disorders and Potential Therapeutic Compounds

Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 244-252页

作者： Xin-Rui Qi Ronald W.H.Verwer Ai-Min Bao Rawien A.Balesar Sabina Luchetti Jiang-Ning Zhou Dick F.Swaab Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAn Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Department of Neurobiology Institute of NeuroscienceNHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences

Investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying brain disorders is a priority if novel therapeutic strategies are to be developed. In vivo studies of animal models and in vitro studies of cell lines/primary cell cultures may provide useful tools to study certain aspects of brain disorders. However, discrepancies among these studies or unsuccessful translation from animal/cell studies to human/clinical studies often occur, because these models generally represent only some symptoms of a neuropsychiatric disorder rather than the complete disorder. Human brain slice cultures from postmortem tissue or resected tissue from operations have shown that, in vitro, neurons and glia can stay alive for long periods of time, while their morphological and physiological characteristics, and their ability to respond to experimental manipulations are maintained. Human brain slices can thus provide a close representation of neuronal networks in vivo, be a valuable tool for investigation of the basis of neuropsychiatric disorders, and provide a platform for the evaluation of novel pharmacological treatments of human brain diseases.A brain bank needs to provide the necessary infrastructure to bring together donors, hospitals, and researchers who want to investigate human brain slices in cultures of clinically and neuropathologically well-documented material.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Brain bank Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Depression Electrical activity Human brain slice culture Neuropsychiatric disorders Organotypic culture Postmortem human brain tissue Resected human brain tissue

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River bank protection from ship-induced waves and river flow

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 129-135页

作者： Sahameddin Mahmoudi Kurdistani Giuseppe R. Tomasicchin Felice D’Alessandro Leila Hassanabadi Department of Engineering for Innovation University of Salento

A new equation is proposed for the design of armor units on protected river banks under the combined action of ship-induced waves and river flow.Existing observed field and experimental data in the literature have been examined and a valuable database has been developed.Different conditions,including the river water depth,flow velocity,river bank slope,Froude number,wave height,wave period,and wave obliquity have been considered.Results from an empirical equation (Bhowmik,1978) that only considers the maximum wave height and river bank slope have been compared with the results calculated by the newly developed equation.Calculated results have also been verified against field data.Results show that not only the maximum wave height and river bank slope but also the water depth,flow velocity,wave length,wave obliquity,and wave period are important parameters for predicting the mean diameter of the armor units,highlighting the multivariate behavior of protecting the river bank in the presence of ship-induced waves and river flow velocity.

关键词： River bank protection Hydraulics Ship-induced waves River flow velocity Wave period Wave obliquity Multivariate phenomenon

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Gene bank scheduling of seed regeneration: Interim report on a long term storage study

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第7期18卷 1529-1540页

作者： Robert Redden Debra Partington Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection Private Bag 260Agriculture Victoria

A major challenge for the management of gene banks is the maintenance of good seed health in the collections.Large germplasm collections >10 000 accessions often have been acquired from different sources over a range of dates,may differ in germination at time of deposition in the gene bank,and may have genetic differences in seed longevity.The major storage variables affecting seed longevity are temperature and seed moisture content.Two varieties of each pea(Pisum sativus L.),lentil(Lens culinaris Medikus subsp.culinaris),and chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.),were stored at three temperatures;40,20,and 2°C,each with three seed moisture levels of 10.9–13.8%(high),7.9–10.3%(medium),and 7–7.8%(low),in the Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection gene bank.Seed longevity at a given storage period was estimated by the corresponding germination percentage for each treatment.This paper is an interim report on seed viability decline in the first seven years of this seed longevity study,in which viability decline towards zero was almost completed in the three seed moisture treatments at 40°C and the 20°C high seed moisture treatment,but had not declined in the other treatments.Seed longevity positively responded to a reduction in temperature and then to a reduction in seed moisture.The number of days in storage for seed germination decline to 85%(p85),and to 50%(p50) for mean seed viability,are reported by storage/varietal treatment.Both p85 and p50 showed significant inverse linear responses with seed moisture at 40°C for pea and lentil varieties,with intra-specific variation for pea.This long term trial aims to provide informed timing of seed regeneration for accessions in a gene bank.

关键词： gene bank storage moisture level temperature regeneration pea lentil chickpea

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Financing strategies for coal-electricity supply chain under yield uncertainty

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第2期28卷 353-358页

作者： Guo Zhiyuan Zhou Meihua Peng Hongjun School of Management China University of Mining and Technology College of Economics and Management Nanjing Forestry University

The financing strategies for a coal-electricity supply chain in which the coal company has capital constraint and faces yield uncertainty were studied. We propose an advance payment mechanism: in the coal company's initial production period, the electricity company provides advance payment to the coal company, and the coal company pays interest to the electricity company as the risk compensation. The optimal operation strategies for the coal company and the electricity company under the advance payment mechanism are derived and compared with those under the bank loan financing case. We find that,the expected profit functions of the coal company and the electricity company under the advance payment mechanism are the same with those under the case that the coal company has enough capital;under the advance payment mechanism, the profits of the coal company and the electricity company are higher than those under the bank financing case. We also discuss the compensation interest rate of the advance payment and the ordering and production quantities under the advance payment mechanism.

关键词： Coal-electricity supply chain Advance payment bank financing Yield uncertainty

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Parameter study of sinter waste heat recovery in vertical tank based on energy and exergy analysis

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2020年第1期27卷 22-32页

作者： Jun-sheng Feng Sheng Zhang Hui Dong Gang Pei School of Environment and Energy Engineering Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230026AnhuiChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

The parameter study of sinter waste heat recovery in vertical tank was conducted numerically by using energy and exergy analysis,and the experimental data obtained from a homemade experimental apparatus was applied to verify the reliability of numerical model.Based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics,the effects of flow rate of cooling air(FRCA)and inlet temperature of cooling air(ITCA),as well as the inner diameter of cooling section(IDCS)and height of cooling section(HCS),on the sinter cooling process were analyzed in detail.The results show that the average deviation between the experimental data and calculation values is 4.93%,and the model reliability is verified.The enthalpy exergy of outlet air tends to increase first and then decrease with increasing the FRCA and ITCA,while increasing the IDCS only leads to the increase in enthalpy exergy of outlet air.For a given operational condition,the enthalpy exergy of outlet air can reach a maximum value with increasing the HCS.The vertical tank could obtain the maximum enthalpy exergy of outlet air through the adjustments of FRCA and ITCA,as well as the HCS.

关键词： Sinter Waste heat recovery Porous medium-Energy analysis Exergy analysis Vertical bank

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bank equity connections,intellectual property protection and enterprise innovation——A bank ownership perspective

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2016年第3期9卷 207-233页

作者： Xing Liu Shuiquan Jiang School of Economics and Business Administration Chongqing University

This study investigates the effects of bank equity connections and intellectual property protection on enterprises' innovation behavior,and the regulating effect of intellectual property protection on the relationship between bank equity connections and innovation.In general,bank equity connections and intellectual property protection not only significantly increase innovation input,but also improve innovation performance.However,the efficiency of bank equity connections is influenced by the heterogeneity of enterprises and the value orientation of the subjects.bank equity connections have a more significantly positive effect on innovation in private and central enterprises,whereas the principal-agent problem and government intervention may weaken the marginal contribution of bank equity connections to the innovation of local state-owned enterprises.bank equity connections and intellectual property protection are complementary in promoting enterprise innovation.Not only are the combined effects of bank equity connections and intellectual property protection greater than the individual effects,but when the latter is relatively weak,the former's positive effect on innovation is obviously weakened and may even crowd out innovation.

关键词： bank equity connections Intellectual property protection Corporate innovation Innovation performance

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Evaluating germinability of eight desert halophytes under long-term seed storage: Implications for conservation

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Plant Diversity 2019年第4期41卷 229-236页

作者： Sanjay Gairola Hatem A. Shabana Tamer Mahmoud Ali El-Keblawy Andrea Santo Sharjah Seed bank and Herbarium Sharjah Research AcademyP.O.Box 60999SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Applied Biology College of SciencesUniversity of SharjahP.O.Box 27272SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Independent Researcher SelargiusCagliariItaly

Ex situ conservation in seed banks is a potential complementary conservation strategy for native plant species.It is well established that ex situ seed banking of native wild plants prolongs seed viability and thereby preserves genetic and species diversity for future use.We evaluated ex situ storage potential of eight halophytic species from deserts in the United Arab Emirates(UAE)by studying seed germination.Specifically,we examined the germinability of freshly collected seeds and seeds stored for three years in a seed bank.We also examined the effect of light conditions on fresh and stored seed germination.Fresh seeds of seven of the eight species tested had a higher germination rates under 12/12 h light/dark fluctuations than did those exposed to total darkness.Storage reduced light sensitivity in Halocnemum strobilaceum,Suaeda aegyptiaca,Salsola drummondii and Salsola imbricata,but increased the requirement for light in Arthrocnemum macrostachyum.In Anabasis setifera,storage decreased germination percentage when there was a 12-hour light/dark fluctuation,but increased germination rate when exposed to the dark treatment.Storage significantly reduced germination in both the light/dark and dark treatments in Suaeda vermiculata and S.aegyptiaca.Germination speed also responded differently to storage;whereas Timson's index significantly increased in A.macrostachyum and H.strobilaceum,it significantly decreased for S.drummondii,S.aegyptiaca and S.vermiculata.Germination of these species at a range of temperatures requires further testing;additionally,we strongly suggest that these laboratory findings be complemented by field studies.

关键词： Ex situ conservation Halophytes Seed bank collection Seed germination Salt tolerance SSBH

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Quality of information disclosure, property rights, and bank loans: A bank heterogeneity perspective

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2019年第1期12卷 63-92页

作者： Xichan Chen Wanli Li Shiyang Hu Xing Liu School of Economics and Business Administration Chongqing University

Using the context of the financial reform and the development of the non-state sector in China in the past decade, we examine the roles that the quality of information disclosure and property rights play in the allocation of different types of bank credit. We find that foreign banks and policy banks exercise ‘‘financial discrimination," and that local commercial banks, large state- owned commercial banks, national joint-stock banks, local city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks not only exercise financial discrimination but also provide significant ‘‘financial support" to non-state-owned enterprises by providing more lending opportunities and larger loans. However, when enterprises commit information disclosure violations, the local commercial banks, national joint-stock banks, local city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks reverse their credit decisions and begin to exercise financial dis- crimination against non-state-owned enterprises. At the same time, large stateowned commercial banks continue to provide financial support to non-state-owned enterprises. We also find that the quality of the information disclosed by enterprises has a moderating effect rather than an intermediary effect on the relationship between property rights and bank loans. Overall, the results of this paper shine new light on the market-oriented reform of the banking industry, and provide new empirical evidence for the presence of financial discrimination in the supply of bank credit. Our findings also have practical implications for solving the financing difficulties of non-state-owned enterprises.

关键词： Quality of information disclosure Property rights bank loans PSM

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bank gully extraction from DEMs utilizing the geomorphologic features of a loess hilly area in China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第1期13卷 151-168页

作者： Xin YANG Jiaming NA Guoan TANG Tingting WANG Axing ZHU Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

As one of most active gully types in the Chinese Loess Plateau,bank gullies generally indicate soil loss and land degradation.This study addressed the lack of detailed,large scale monitoring of bank gullies and proposed a semi-automatic method for extracting bank gullies,given typical topographic features based on 5 m resolution DEMs.First,channel networks,including bank gullies,are extracted through an iterative channel bum-in algorithm.Second,gully heads are correctly positioned based on the spatial relationship between gully heads and their corresponding gully shoulder lines.Third,bank gullies are distinguished from other gullies using the newly proposed topographic measurement of "relative gully depth (RGD)."The experimental results from the loess hilly area of the Linjiajian watershed in the Chinese Loess Plateau show that the producer accuracy reaches 87.5%. The accuracy is affected by the DEM resolution and RGD parameters,as well as the accuracy of the gully shoulder line.The application in the Madigou watershed with a high DEM resolution validated the duplicability of this method in other areas.The overall performance shows that bank gullies can be extracted with acceptable accuracy over a large area,which provides essential information for research on soil erosion,geomorphology,and environmental ecology.

关键词： bank gully DEMs topographic features loess shoulder line relative gully depth

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B细胞衔接蛋白bank在小鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎中的作用

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中国免疫学杂志 2017年第12期33卷 1854-1857,1861页

作者：金桂花李红花李雪藤本.学张庆镐延边大学医学院免疫学与病原生物学教研室延吉133002 日本筑波大学医学医疗系皮肤科筑波県つくば市3058575 大连大学医学院大连116622

目的:探讨B细胞特异性衔接蛋白bank(B cell adoptor protein with ankyrin repeats)在小鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,EAE)中的作用。方法:MOG35-55多肽免疫C57BL/6鼠和bank缺陷(bank-deficient,bank-/-)鼠制备EAE模型,观察实验动物临床症状及中枢神经系统的病理学变化;提取小鼠脑组织及脾脏,经流式细胞术检测中枢神经系统及外周免疫器官中的CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞及调节性T细胞的变化。结果:bank-/-鼠EAE临床症状评分明显高于C57BL/6鼠,且体重减轻明显(Pbank-/-鼠较C57BL/6鼠炎症感染灶明显增多。流式细胞术结果显示,相对于C57BL/6鼠bank-/-鼠中枢神经系统中CD8+T细胞百分比明显增多,而脾脏中调节性T细胞百分比明显减少,CD4/CD8比值倒置(Pbank的表达抑制EAE炎症反应。

关键词： B细胞 B细胞衔接蛋白 bank EAE

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