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bacterial infections in Cirrhotic Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第1期9卷 32-39页

作者： Vivek A.Lingiah Nikolaos T.Pyrsopoulos Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyRutgers UniversityNew Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA

Background and Aims:Patients with cirrhosis are immunocompromised and at higher risk of developing infections compared to the general *** aim of this study was to assess the incidence of infections in cirrhotic patients in a large academic liver center and investigate potential associations between infections,bacteria isolated,therapeutic regimens used,and ***:This was a retrospective chart review study,including 192 *** patients had a diagnosis of cirrhosis and were admitted to University *** collected included demographics,etiology of cirrhosis,identification of bacteria from cultures,multidrug-resistant(MDR)status,antibiotics administered,intensive care unit(ICU)admission,and patient ***:infections were present in 105(54.6%)patients,and 60(31.2%)patients had multiple infections during a hospitalization(s)for infections.A total of 201 infections were *** tract infections(UTIs)were the most common infection(37.8%),followed by bacteremia(20.4%),pneumonia(12.9%),spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)(11.9%),abscess/cellulitis(6.0%),infectious diarrhea(6.0%),and other(5.0%).Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria isolated(13.4%),both among sensitive and MDR *** bacteria were the cause for 41.3%of all infections *** accounted for 9.5%of infections.21.9%of patients had decompensation from their infection(s)that required ICU care,and 14.6%of patients died during hospitalization or soon after ***:The incidence of infections in cirrhotic patients is much higher than in their non-cirrhotic counterparts(54.6%),even higher than prior studies *** many of these infections are caused by MDR bacteria and fungal organisms,stronger empiric antibiotics and antifungals should be considered when initially treating this immunocompromised ***,once organism sensitivities are discovered,narrowing of antibiotic regimens must occur to maintain g

关键词： Cirrhosis bacterial infections Multidrug resistance Fungal infections

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On a diffusive bacteriophage dynamical model for bacterial infections

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生物数学学报:英文版 2023年第7期16卷 47-89页

作者： Hyacinthe M.Ndongmo Teytsa Berge Tsanou Jean Lubuma Samuel Bowong Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Dschang P.O.Bor 67DschangCameroon Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002South Africa IRD UMI 209 UMMISCO University of Yaounde I P..Bor 337YaoundeCameroon LIRIMA-EPITAG Team Project University of Yaounde I P.O.Bor 812YaoundeCameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Douala P.0.Bor 24157DoualaCameroon

Bacteriophages or phages are viruses that infect bacteria and are increasingly used to control bacterial *** develop a reaction-diffusion model coupling the interactive dynamic of phages and bacteria with an epidemiological bacteria-borne disease *** the submodel without phage absorption,the basic reproduction number Ro is *** disease-free equilibrium(DFE)is shown to be globally asymptotically stable whenever Ro is less than one,while a unique globally asymptotically endemic equilibrium is proven whenever Ro exceeds *** the presence of phage absorption,the above stated classical condition based on Ro,as the average number of secondary human infections produced by susceptible/lysogen bacteria during their entire lifespan,is no longer suficient to guarantee the global stability of the *** thus derive an additional threshold No,which is the average offspring number of lysogen bacteria produced by one infected human during the phage-bacteria interactions,and prove that the DFE is globally asymptotically stable whenever both Ro and No are under unity,and infections persist uniformly whenever Ro is greater than ***,the discrete counterpart of the continuous partial differential equation model is derived by constructing a nonstandard finite difference scheme which is dynamically *** consistency is shown by constructing suitable discrete Lyapunov functionals thanks to which the global stability results for the continuous model are *** scheme is implemented in MatLab platform and used to assess the impact of spatial distribution of phages,on the dynamic of bacterial infections.

关键词： bacterial infections diffusion NSFD phage absorption global stability

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A study on the effect of using mangrove leaf extracts as a feed additive in the progress of bacterial infections in marine ornamental fish

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2013年第3期 217-224页

作者： Nagarajan Balachandran Dhayanithi Thipramalai Thankappan Ajith Kumar Thangavelu Balasubramanian Kapila Tissera Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia Kerala Aqua Venture International Ltd. CochinKeralaIndia

Objective:To ascertain the feasibility of using sustainable natural resources in maintaining disease free fish in such ***:causative bacteria were identified by morphology and biochemical *** antibacterial activity and disease resistant capability of mangrove plant leaf extract were investigated against fish ***:The infected marine ornamental fishes were collected from the hatchery condition and inhibition activity at the concentration of 220,200,175 and 150μg/mL against Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and Vibrio anguillarum *** experimental trial reveals feeding marine ornamental fish with feed incorporated with a methanol leaf extract of Avicennia marina,increases their survival and reduces their susceptibility to infections from the isolated *** on the in vitro assay,methanol extract of Avicennia marina was exhibited good Conclusions:The mangrove leaves have potential to control the infections caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio anguillarum.

关键词： Infected fish Challenge experiment Leukocytes Disease resistance Mangrove herbal bacterial infections

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Cefetamet pivoxil versus cefixime in the treatment of 99 cases of bacterial infections：a randomized clinical study

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中华内科杂志 1998年第Z1期 84页

作者：赵彩芸李家泰郝凤兰 InstituteofClinicalPharmacology BeijingMedicalUniversityBeijing

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cefetamet pivoxil in comparison with cefixime in treating bacterial infections. Methods 99 patients with respiratory and urinary tract infections were randomly enrolled. Ten patients were excluded within the first 72 h after initiation of the study. 55 and 54 patients were evaluated for the safety of cefetamet pivoxil and cefixime respectively. 51 patients in the cefetamet pivoxil group and 48 patients in the cefixime group were evaluated for treatment efficacy. The dosage of cefetamet pivoxil was 250-500 mg and cefixime was 200 mg, twice daily orally for 7-10 days. Results The efficacy rates of cefetamet pivoxil and cefixime were 94.1％ (48/51) and 91.7％ (44/48), and bacterial clearance rates were 95.3％ and 95.1％, *** reactions occurred in 9.1％ and 7.4％ in the two groups respectively. Conclusion There were no statistical differences between the two groups with respect to clinical efficacy, bacterial clearance and adverse reactions profiles.

关键词： Cephalosporins bacterial infections

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Cefetamet pivoxil versus cefixime in the treatment of 99 cases of bacterial infections：a randomized clinical study

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中华内科杂志 1998年第ZK期37卷 81-84页

作者：赵彩芸李家泰郝凤兰 InstituteofClinicalPharmacology BeijingMedicalUniversityBeijing

关键词： Cephalosporins bacterial infections

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Flexible wearable sensors:An emerging platform for monitoring of bacterial infection in skin wounds

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 186-198页

作者： Hao Meng Weicheng Zhong Kui Ma Jianlong Su Liqian Ma Yaying Hao Yufeng Jiang Xi Liu Xiaobing Fu Cuiping Zhang Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijing 100048PR China PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100048PR China Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury Repair and RegenerationBeijing 100048PR China Research Unit of Trauma Care Tissue Repair and RegenerationChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU051Beijing 100048PR China College of Graduate Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070PR China Department of Tissue Regeneration and Wound Repair PLA General HospitalBeijingPR China

Persistent inflammatory responses often occur when bacteria and other microorganisms frequently invade and colonize open wounds and eventually result in the formation of chronic ***,achieving real-time detection of invasive bacteria accurately and promptly is essential for efficient wound management and accelerat-ing the healing ***,flexible wearable sensors have garnered significant attention,especially those designed for monitoring real-time biophysical or biochemical signals in wound sites in a minimally invasive *** provide more precise and continuous monitoring data,making them as emerging tools for clinical *** this review,we first discuss the species and community distribution of different types of bacteria in chronic ***,we introduce currently developed techniques for detecting bacteria at wound ***-lowing that,we discuss the recent progress and unresolved issues of various flexible wearable sensors in detecting bacteria at wound *** believe that this review can provide meaningful guidance for the development of flexible wearable sensors for bacteria detection.

关键词： Flexible wearable sensors Chronic wounds bacterial infections Real-time detection

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A self-activated NO-releasing hydrogel depot for photothermal enhanced sterilization

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5346-5356页

作者： Shen Zhang Kelei Guan Yaoxin Zhang Junqing Zhang Hongyu Fu Ting Wu Dilan Ouyang Chaoqun Liu Qiang Wu Zhaowei Chen School of Pharmacy Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Henan University School of Stomatology Kaifeng 475004China

The ascendant danger of bacterial infections has resulted in an urgent requirement for developing new antibacterial ***,nitric oxide(NO)has shown a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity while avoiding ***,achieving effective NO-based antibacterial therapies remains challenging,mired by the safety concerns of NO donor,residual toxicity by the ingredients,or complicated ***,a self-activated NO-releasing hydrogel depot is fabricated by Ca^(2+)-crosslinked sodium alginate doped with CaO_(2)nanoparticles,L-arginine,and oxidized mesoporous carbon nanoparticles(OMCN)for photothermal enhanced bacteria *** locally concentrated H_(2)O_(2),generated from the reaction of CaO_(2)nanoparticles and water,could oxidize L-arginine to release ***,benefiting from the remarkable photothermal effect of OMCN,the hybrid hydrogel possesses a synergistic sterilization behavior in combating both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Grampositive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in ***,the dual therapeutic hydrogel displays high efficiency in treatment of bacteria-infected mice with back wound model while showing no distinct *** addition,the restricted environment of hydrogel makes it easy to remove all the components from the infected wound,alleviating possible side effects from exogenous H_(2)O_(2).As such,the designed NO-synergistic photothermal hydrogel provides a promising strategy for treating bacterial infections.

关键词： bacterial infections nitric oxide hydrogel photothermal antibacterial

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Electrospun Aligned PCL/Gelatin Scaffolds Mimicking the Skin ECM for Effective Antimicrobial Wound Dressings

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第1期5卷 235-251页

作者： Erfan Rezvani Ghomi Rajamani Lakshminarayanan Vijila Chellappan Navin Kumar Verma Amutha Chinnappan Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany Kottaiswamy Amuthavalli Zhi Sheng Poh Brandon Han Siang Wong Nileshkumar Dubey Roger Narayan Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Nanotechnology and SustainabilityNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117581Singapore Ocular infections and Antimicrobials Research Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteThe Academia20 College RoadDiscovery TowerSingapore 169856Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)#08‑032 Fusionopolis WayInnovisSingapore 138634Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University SingaporeClinical Sciences Building11 Mandalay RoadSingapore 308232Singapore Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore18 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Academic Clinical Program in Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore National Skin Centre 1 Mandalay RoadSingapore 308205Singapore Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Faculty of Dentistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 119085Singapore ORCHIDS:Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore 119085Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA

bacterial infections and multidrug-resistant bacteria are major health burdens in wound *** antimicrobial agents,e.g.,ε-polylysine(ε-PL),provide a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties and support dermal cell ***,ε-PL was incorporated into polycaprolactone(PCL)/gelatin electrospun scaffolds collected at varying rotation ***,the samples were crosslinked using dopamine hydrochloride to provide highly proliferative dressings with broad antimicrobial *** morphological study showed that the electrospun wound dressings were smooth,continuous,and bead-free,with a mean diameter ranging from 267±7 to 331±8 nm for all random and aligned *** fiber alignment of the electrospun PCL/gelatin scaffolds improved their tensile strength and ***,nanofiber mats are highly hydro-philic,which is crucial for an efficient wound *** samples also demonstrated high antimicrobial properties against common wound bacterial strains,including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),Staphylococcus aureus(SA),Escherichia coli(EC),Acinetobacter baumannii(AB),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA).Mammalian cell prolifera-tion and morphology assays involving primary human dermal fibroblasts(hDFs)and immortalized keratinocytes(HaCaT)showed excellent biocompatibility of the electrospun mats and remarkably aligned ***,aligned mats showed more cell migration than randomly oriented mats,which is desirable for more efficient wound ***,it can be concluded that aligned PCL/gelatin mats containingε-PL are promising for potential use in wound dressings.

关键词： Electrospinning Wound healing Fiber alignment Biomaterials Nanofiber dressing bacterial infections

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A hybrid nano-assembly with synergistically promoting photothermal and catalytic radical activity for antibacterial therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第10期33卷 4605-4609页

作者： Yunxia Wang Chuangxin Zhang Hui Zhang Liheng Feng Libing Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Department of Nutrition and Health China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

It is of great significance to develop effective antibacterial agents and methods to combat drug resistant bacterial infections due to its increasing threaten to human health and the ineffectiveness of ***,a multifunctional hybrid nano-assembly(M1-Fe NPs)based on conjugated oligomer and ferrous ion was engineered with favorable bactericidal activity for synergetic antibacterial *** chelation of ferrous ion not only enhances the photothermal conversion efficiency of M1 but also endows the nano-assembly with catalytic capability of transferring H_(2)O_(2) into stronger oxidant hydroxyl radicals(·OH).Meanwhile,the generated heat can further promote the Fenton reaction *** generating cytotoxic heat and oxidative·OH,M1-Fe NPs can effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo with the aid of low dosage of H_(2)O_(2).The work provides a new multifunctional platform for combinational drug resistant antibacterial therapy and even antitumor therapy.

关键词： Conjugated oligomer Nano-assembly Fenton reaction Photothermal therapy bacterial infections

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Role of multidetector computed tomography in patients with acute infectious colitis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第12期10卷 3686-3697页

作者： Seung Jung Yu Jae Hyuk Heo Eun Jeong Choi Jong Hyuk Kim Hong Sub Lee Sun Young Kim Jae Hoon Lim Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan 47392South Korea Department of Radiology Myongji HospitalHanyang University College of MedicineGoyang 10475South Korea Department of Cancer Control and Population Health National Cancer CenterGoyang 10408South Korea

BACKGROUND The role of multidetector computed tomography(MDCT)in patients with acute infectious colitis is still *** To examine the usefulness of MDCT in distinguishing the etiology of acute infectious *** Overall,244 patients who met the criteria for acute infectious colitis and visited the Hospital from February 2015 to 2018 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups(bacterial:204,viral:40)according to causes of acute colitis,based on stool *** MDCT parameters,including wall thickening,submucosal edema,mucosal enhancement,serosa involvement,empty colon sign,small bowel involvement,comb sign,continuous distribution,accordion sign,mucosal thickening,and lymph node enlargement,were constructed in a blinded *** MDCT parameters of wall thickening(OR:13.60;95%CI:5.80–31.88;Pbacterial colitis. At least one positive finding in four CT outcomes (submucosaledema, mucosal enhancement, continuous distribution, mucosal thickening) in summer showed ahigh probability of bacterial colitis (sensitivity, 41.67;specificity, 92.50;OR: 24.95).CONCLUSIONMDCT provides many clues that can be useful in suggesting a specific etiology of acute infectiouscolitis.

关键词： Colitis Multidetector computed tomography Differential diagnosis bacterial infections Viral infections

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