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auxin distribution and transport during embryogenesis and seed germi-nation of Arabidopsis

Cell Research 2001年第4期11卷 273-278页

作者： NI DI AN, LING JIAN WANG, CHUN HONG DING, ZHI HONG XU, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China College of Bioscience, East China Normal University, Shangha Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology AG Molecular-Biology Hause Germany College of Bioscience East China Normal University Shanghai China Shanghai Experimental School of Elementary Education Shanghai China College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China

auxin distribution during embryogenesis and seed germination were studied with transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GUS gene driven by a synthetic DR5 promoter,an auxin responsive promoter. The results showed that GUS activity is higher in ends of hypophysis and cotyledon primordia of heart-, torpedo- and cotyledon-stage embryos, leaf tip area, lateral root primordia, root apex and cotyledon of young seedlings. And GUS accumulated in root apex of the seedlings grown on auxin transport inhibitor containing media. All these suggested that above-mentioned part of the organs and tissues have a higher level of auxin, and auxin polar transport inhibitor could cause the accumulation of auxin in root apex. And auxin transport inhibitor also resulted in aberration of Arabidopsis leaf pattern formation, root gravitropism and elongation.

关键词： auxin auxin distribution auxin polar transport auxin-responsive promoter transgenic Ara- bidopsis.

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Receptor-like kinase OsCR4 controls leaf morphogenesis and embryogenesis by fixing the distribution of auxin in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第9期47卷 577-589页

作者： Jiao Wang Lin-Lin Yan Zhi-Liang Yue Hao-Yue Li Xiu-Jie Ji Cui-Xia Pu Ying Sun College of Life Science Hebei Normal UniversityHebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular BiologyKey Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of EducationHebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell SignalingShijiazhuang050024China Institute of Cash Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture&Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang050051China

Cell differentiation is a key event in organ development;it involves auxin gradient formation, cell signaling, and transcriptional regulation. Yet, how these processes are orchestrated during leaf morphogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate an essential role for the receptor-like kinase Os CR4 in leaf development. oscr4 loss-of-function mutants displayed short shoots and roots, with tiny,crinkly, or even dead leaves. The delayed outgrowth of the first three leaves and seminal root in oscr4 was due to defects in plumule and radicle formation during embryogenesis. The deformed epidermal,mesophyll, and vascular tissues observed in oscr4 leaves arose at the postembryo stage;the corresponding expression pattern of pro Os CR4:GUS in embryos and young leaves suggests that Os CR4 functions in these tissues. Signals from the auxin reporter DR5 rev:VENUS were found to be altered in oscr4 embryos and disorganized in oscr4 leaves, in which indole-3-acetic acid accumulation was further revealed by immunofluorescence. Os WOX3 A, which is auxin responsive and related to leaf development,was activated extensively and ectopically in oscr4 leaves, partially accounting for the observed lack of cell differentiation. Our data suggest that Os CR4 plays a fundamental role in leaf morphogenesis and embryogenesis by fixing the distribution of auxin.

关键词： Receptor-like kinase OsCR4 OsWOX3A auxin distribution Leaf Embryo Rice

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Induction of Somatic Embryos in Arabidopsis Requires Local YUCCA Expression Mediated by the Down-Regulation of Ethylene Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1247-1260页

作者： Bo Bai Ying Hua Su Jia Yuan Xian Sheng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Taian Shandong 271018 China

Somatic embryogenesis is an important experimental model for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms of early embryo development. Although it has long been known that removal of exogenous auxin from medium results in somatic embryogenesis, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of somatic embryos （SEs） are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that YUCCAs （YUCs） encoding key enzymes in auxin biosynthesis are required for SE induction in Arabidopsis. To identify other factors mediating SE initiation, we performed transcriptional profiling and gene expres- sion analysis. The results showed that genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and its responses were down-regulated during SE initiation. Ethylene level decreased progressively during SE initiation, whereas treatment with the metabolic precursor of ethylene, 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid （ACC）, or mutation of ETHYLENE-OVERPRODUCTION1 （ET01） disrupted SE induction, suggesting that ethylene plays a role in this process. Suppression of SE induction was also observed in the constitutive triple response 1 （ctrl） mutant, in which ethylene signaling was enhanced. These results indicate that down-regulation of not only ethylene biosynthesis, but also ethylene response is critical for SE induction. We further showed that ethylene disturbed SE initiation through inhibiting YUC expression that might be involved in local auxin biosynthesis and subsequent auxin distribution. Our results provide new information on the mechanisms of hormone-regulated SE initiation.

关键词： YUC genes auxin biosynthesis auxin distribution ethylene somatic embryo induction Arabidopsis

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