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Precision measurement with atom interferometry

Chinese Physics B 2015年第5期24卷 93-102页

作者：王谨 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Cold atom Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Development of atom interferometry and its application in precision measurement are reviewed in this paper. The principle, features and the implementation of atom interferometers are introduced, the recent progress of precision measurement with atom interferometry, including determination of gravitational constant and fine structure constant, measurement of gravity, gravity gradient and rotation, test of weak equivalence principle, proposal of gravitational wave detection, and measurement of quadratic Zeeman shift are reviewed in detail. Determination of gravitational redshift, new definition of kilogram, and measurement of weak force with atom interferometry are also briefly introduced.

关键词： cold atom atom interferometry precision measurement

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Two-frequency amplification in a semiconductor tapered amplifier for cold atom experiments

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第9期27卷 270-276页

作者：孟至欣李宇航冯焱颖 State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua University

Simultaneous two-frequency amplification is highly desirable in cold atom experiments. The nonlinear response would appear in the two-frequency amplification with a semiconductor tapered amplifier（TA） and has a direct influence on the experimental result. We investigated in detail the effects of frequency difference, total power, and power ratio of two seeding lasers on the output components based on a simplified theoretical model. The simulation results showed that the multiple sideband generation in the amplifier due to self-phase and amplitude modulation could be suppressed and the TA tended to linearly amplify the power ratio between two-frequency components, when the two seeding lasers had a large frequency difference. This was verified experimentally in the output power ratio measurement via a calibrated Fabry-Perot interferometer method with a good linearity and an uncertainty of 1%. We also discussed the consequences of power ratio responses in the amplification in light of cold atom experiments, especially in the ac Stark shift related phase error of Raman-type atom interferometers（AIs）. It was shown that the fluctuation of intensity ratio of Raman beams may induce significant systematic errors for an AI gyroscope.

关键词： two-frequency amplification self-phase modulation laser cooling atom interferometry

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Cold atom interferometry gravimeter

Cold atom interferometry gravimeter

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第十八届全国量子光学学术会议

作者：朱凌晓 Shuhua Yan Aiai Jia Chunhua Wei Qixue Li Xu Zhang Jun Yang 国防科技大学 National University of Defense Technology

Over the past few decades, the development of laser-cooling techniques has made it possible to exploit the quantum properties of matter at very low temperature. These techniques have enabled experimentalists to coher-ently manipulate quantum objects with a very high degree of precision. In this context, atom interferometry has emerged as a powerful tool for metrology. It has enabled the creation of the most precise laboratory measurement devices for absolute gravity, gravity gradients and rotation. This makes atom interferometry a promising quan-tum technology for applications ranging from fundamental physics in space to practical concerns such as civil engineering. The work presented in this talk focusses on the construction of high precision absolute gravimeter in National University of Defense Technology(NUDT). The instrument is based on interfering ensembles of laser cooled 87 Rb atoms in the configuration of the Mach-Zehnder type interferometer. atomic wave packets are split and recombined by three Raman light pulses. The resulting interference fringes are sensitive to the movement of the atoms within a gravitational potential. Currently we have realized a resolution of 5.1μGal within 100 s in measuring gravity, which is comparable with the state-of-the-art gravimeters. More details of the performance limitation and the methods for further improvements will be discussed in the talk[1, 2]. Finally we will present the demonstration of the frequency doubled I/Q modulator based optical single-sideband(OSSB) laser system for atomic physics research, specifically for atom interferometry where the presence of addi-tional sidebands causes parasitic transitions [3]. The performance of the OSSB technique and the spectrum after second harmonic generation are measured and analysed. This technique will facilitate the development of compact atom interferometry based sensors with improved accuracy and reduced complexity.

关键词： Gravimeter atom interferometry Cold atoms

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Calibration of a compact absolute atomic gravimeter

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第9期29卷 84-91页

作者：谢宏泰陈斌龙金宝薛春陈泺侃陈帅 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Branch CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaShanghai 201315China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Shanghai Division QuantumCTek Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201315China

Compact atomic gravimeters are the potential next generation precision instruments for gravity survey from fundamental research to broad field applications.We report the calibration results of our home build compact absolute atomic gravimeter USTC-AG02 at Changping Campus,the National Institute of Metrology(NIM),China in January 2019.The sensitivity of the atomic gravimeter reaches 35.5μGal/√Hz(1μGal=1×10-8 m/s2)and its long-term stability reaches 0.8μGal for averaging over 4000 seconds.Considering the statistical uncertainty,the dominant instrumental systematic errors and environmental effects are evaluated and corrected within a total uncertainty(2σ)of 15.3μGal.After compared with the reference g value given by the corner cube gravimeter NIM-3A,the atomic gravimeter USTC-AG02 reaches the degree of equivalence of 3.7μGal.

关键词： atom interferometry absolute gravimeter systematic errors

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Theory of a Kaptiza-Dirac Interferometer with Cold Trapped atoms

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第15期7卷 2043-2062页

作者： Ruolei Cheng Tianchen He Weidong Li Augusto Smerzi Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics Shanxi University Taiyuan China Department of Physics Taiyuan Normal University Taiyuan China QSTAR INO-CNR and LENS Firenze Italy

We theoretically analyse a multi-modes atomic interferometer consisting of a sequence of Kapitza-Dirac pulses (KD) applied to cold atoms trapped in a harmonic trap. The pulses spatially split the atomic wave-functions while the harmonic trap coherently recombines all modes by acting as a coherent spatial mirror. The phase shifts accumulated among different KD pulses are estimated by measuring the number of atoms in each output mode or by fitting the density profile. The sensitivity is rigorously calculated by the Fisher information and the Cramér-Rao lower bound. We predict, with typical experimental parameters, a temperature independent sensitivity which, in the case of the measurement of the gravitational constant g can significantly exceed the sensitivity of current atomic interferometers.

关键词： atom interferometry Kapitza-Dirac Pulse Dynamics Gravitational Acceleration Constant Sensitivity Noise and Decoherence

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