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factors associated with Splenomegaly amongst Patients with Sickle Cell Disease in Cameroon

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 33-46页

作者： Eposse Ekoube Charlotte Alima Yanda Anastasia Nicole Djike Puepi Yolande Cheping Kouokam Line Mandeng Ma Linwa Edgar Françoise Ngnedjou Nwabufor Foute Mbono Ritha Epee Patricia Wete Estelle Hassanatou Iyawa Koki Ndombo Paul Olivier Sickle Cell Care Center Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Higher Institute of Medical Technology Yaoundé Cameroon Chantal BIYA Foundation Mother Child Center Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Cosendai Adventist University Nanga Eboko Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common hemoglobinopathy in the world. Sickle cells are quickly fixed and destroyed by the elements of the reticuloendothelial system mainly in the spleen. It leads to a palpable increase in the volume of the spleen called splenomegaly. Splenomegaly is the cause of multiple complications that are relatively frequent and potentially serious in sickle cell disease, such as splenic sequestration seizures, spleen rupture, hypersplenism and splenic abscesses. We aimed at determining the prevalence of splenomegaly and to study the associated factors in patients with sickle cell disease. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from 1 January to 30 April 2019, at the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal BIYA Foundation. Patients were grouped into two groups: patients with splenomegaly (PS1) and patients without splenomegaly (PS0). As soon as we obtained the informed consent of the parents, we examined the children and recorded socio-demographic data, disease history and follow-up, documented complications, and clinical findings;then we performed the Rapid Malaria Diagnostic Test. The statistical analyzes were carried out using SPSS20 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and Microsoft Excel 2010 software. Results: We examined 403 children with sickle cell disease and 142 had splenomegaly (35%). Almost all of the study populations were homozygous SS. The Hackett 2 stage of splenomegaly was the most frequent (56.7%). The most common physical sign among PS1 was the presence of abdominal scarring (50.7% vs. 19.4%). PS1 had significantly lower levels of Hb (6.94 ± 1.67 vs 7.62 ± 1.43 p = 0.003) and platelets (297.45 ± 146.25 vs 398.70 ± 163.73 p < 0.001) than patients without splenomegaly (PS0). However, the percentages of HbF (21.78 ± 10.48 vs 15.66 ± 9.20 p < 0.001) and malaria infection (74.6% vs 17.2% p < 0.001) were statistically higher among PS0. Logistic regression analysis determine

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Splenomegaly Thalassemia Malaria associated factors

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Socio-Medical and Demographic factors associated with Perinatal Mortality in a Southern Benin Health Zone Hospital in 2020: A Case-Control Study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023年第8期13卷 227-238页

作者： Charles Sossa Jerome Lamidhi Salami Vicentia Akpédjé Gladis Cadete Vignon Bedie Yolaine Glele-Ahanhanzo Patrick Charles Makoutode Badirou Aguemon Health Promotion Department Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Health Policy and Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin

Background: Perinatal mortality remains a major public health concern in developing countries such as Benin. To better steer response interventions, this study was carried out in southern Benin with the aim of identifying the demographic and socio-medical factors linked to perinatal mortality. Methods: The case-control study, held from January 1 to December 31, 2020, covered 154 targets, including 77 cases of neonates deceased within the perinatal period and 77 live-born control neonates selected on a one-for-one basis. Univariate analysis using the McNemar test and logistic regression were used to identify risk factors for perinatal mortality, at a 5% threshold of significance. Results: Sahoué/mina ethnicities, only associated socio-demographic characteristic, increased the risk of perinatal death by 2.47 times (p = 0.008). Mother’s age, education, occupation, marital status, and household size were not associated (p > 0.05). Risk of death was increased 2.5 times when the mother was referred (p = 0.007), 3.3 times when she came from a hard-to-reach locality (p Conclusion: Although attention must also be paid to referral and access to care, this study identifies antenatal consultation as the main target of any intervention to reduce perinatal mortality.

关键词： Perinatal Mortality associated factors Antenatal Care Benin

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factors associated with Low Use of Insecticide-Treated Nets among Children under 5 Years of Age in Fo-Boure (Benin) in 2019

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 619-625页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo Mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Falilatou Agbeille Mohamed Zinsou Rodrigue Ahodègnon Julien Didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou Faculty of Medicine Mother and Child Department University of Parakou Parakou Benin National School of Higher Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Despite the free distribution of insecticide impregnated nets, malaria is still the cause of many deaths, particularly among children under 5 years old, casting doubt on the real use of these mosquito nets by parents. The present work aimed to identify the factors associated with the low use of mosquito nets. This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim, carried out in the locality of Fô-Bouré (Sinendé) in 2019 among children under 5 years old and their parents. A cluster random sampling was carried out according to the WHO technique. The dependent variable was the low use of LLINs and the independent variables were: socio-demographic, economic, relative to parents’ knowledge of the causes and control methods of malaria. Results: The factors identified as associated with the low use of LLINs were: female sex (p = 0.0059), low level of education (p = 0.0001), free mode of acquisition (p = 0.0476), poor knowledge of control methods (p = 0.0389), type of house: mud or tent house (p = 0.0034), unsanitary immediate environment (p = 0.0002) and children’s evening dressing style (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: A global development policy, especially in terms of education, sanitation and housing improvement as recommended by the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative is necessary to improve the rate of insecticide impregnated nets use. .

关键词： Use LLIN associated factors Benin

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Frequency and factors associated with Erectile Dysfunction in People Living with HIV Managed in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Departmental Hospital University of Borgou (DHU-B) in 2017

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2022年第2期12卷 112-120页

作者： Dovonou Comlan Albert Alassani Adébayo Attinsounon Cossi Angelo Mama Cissé Ibrahim Sake Alassan Khadidjatou Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral treatment has considerably reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection. However, we are witnessing the emergence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The aim of this work is to study erectile dysfunction (ED) and the associated factors with HIV positive people managed DHU-B. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study covering the period from March 1, 2017 to June 31, 2017. The study involved HIV-positive patients 18 years old and above, male, under antiretroviral treatment and have given their consent. ED was assessed by the IIEF5 score (International Index of Erectile Function). The data collected had been recorded and processed with the EPI INFO software (Version 7.2). The significance level was 5%. Results: A total of 280 patients were included in the study. The average age was 42 ± 10.04 years with extremes of 23 and 67 years. The prevalence of ED was 52.14%. Among patients with ED, 41% had severe ED. factors associated with ED in multivariate analysis were: age over 40 years, anxiety, depression, arterial hypertension, lipodystrophy, multiple sexual partners and protease inhibitor therapy. Conclusion: ED concerns half of HIV-infected patients followed in the Internal Medicine department. It is therefore essential to provide more comprehensive care, both clinically and psychologically, in order to improve the quality of life of people living with HIV.

关键词： Erectile Dysfunction associated factors HIV Parakou Benin

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factors associated with Full Vaccination of Children Aged 12 to 23 Months in the Commune of Thiomby (Kaolack/Senegal)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 276-292页

作者： Boubacar Gueye Oumar Bassoum Ndéye Marième Diagne Martial Coly Bop Alioune Badara Tall Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Cheikh Tacko Diop Papa Gallo Sow Ousseynou Ka Ibrahima Seck Health and Sustainable Development Department Alioune Diop University Bambeye Senegal Preventive Medecine Department Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Faculty of Medicine of Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Dakar Senegal Institut Santé et Développement Dakar Sénégal Medecine Department H&#244pital Principal de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Data on the complete vaccination of children in rural areas and the factors associated with it are poorly known. Knowledge of these factors is necessary for the adoption of effective vaccination strategies. The aim of our study was to determine the proportion of children aged 12 to 23 months fully vaccinated before the age of 12 months in the commune of Thiomby and to identify associated factors. Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 January to 15 February 2020 in Thiomby among of children aged 12 to 23 months and their mothers/caregivers. The sampling was carried out in two-step clusters. Bivariate analysis was done with Epi-Info version 7.***.2.16. Results: The sample included 380 mothers/caregivers with children aged on average 24.7 years. Among them, 93.2% were housewives, 29.4% had attended school and 12.8% had a monthly income of more than 100,000 CFA francs. In total, 296 children were fully inoculated i.e. 77.9% of children aged 12 - 23 months had received all the appropriate vaccines by the age of 12 months. In addition, 42% of mothers and babysitters had a good level of knowledge about vaccination (benefits, side effects, etc.). The primary source of information for mothers about vaccination was the midwife, with 88 percent of women being informed through this channel. The age of mothers less than or equal to 30 years would significantly reduce (p Conclusion: factors such as a good level of knowledge of mothers and access to information through midwives during prenatal and postnatal consultations contribute to an improvement in complete vaccination coverage among children aged 12 to 23 months.

关键词： Complete Vaccination Coverage Children associated factors Thiomby-Kaolack-Senegal

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Rationale of the Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study on factors associated with Failure of Vaginal Delivery Trial after Cesarean Section in the University Clinics of Kinshasa, DR Congo

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第10期13卷 1659-1665页

作者： Muela Andy Mbangama Nkashama Bienvenu Kazadi Otem Christian Ndesanzim Ambis Joëlle Lumaya Nkongolo Freddy Muamba Mubalamata Eugène-Patrick Lukusa Ndombasi Nelda Lemba Banza Jésual Lotoy Feruzi Michel Mangala Sendeke Patrick Mogwo Mwimba Roger Mbungu Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Delivery in a scarred uterus is nowadays a real problem in Obstetrics practice, due to the inflation in the number of caesarean sections and the non-unanimous attitude of Obstetrics’ teams towards uterine scars. The factors associated with failed vaginal birth attempts after caesarean section (VBAC) are crucial information that would contribute effectively to deciding on the most appropriate mode of delivery for the mother and her fetus. Their identification would enable us to detect pregnant women at high risk of failure to attempt vaginal birth after caesarean section, and thus contribute to reducing the complications associated with this failure. Objective: We will study the factors associated with failure to vaginal delivery trial after caesarean section at the University Clinics of Kinshasa (UCK). Methods: This study will be a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical aims. The minimum sample size will be 239. Our study population will consist of records of pregnant women with unicatricial uterus who underwent attempted vaginal delivery after caesarean section at UCK from January 2014 to June 2023. Results will be reported as percentage proportion and mean plus or minus standard deviation. Comparison of means between groups will be made using Student’s t-test, and of proportions using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Logistic regression will be used to generate Odds Ratios to measure the strength of association between variables. The test will be statistically significant for a p value 0.05. Data will be collected and processed confidentially and anonymously. Conclusion: This study will identify the factors associated with the failure of attempted vaginal delivery after caesarean section in order to contribute to the reduction of complications related to its failure in our setting. .

关键词： associated factors VBAC Failure Scarred Uterus

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Prevalence and factors associated with Raised Intraocular Pressure among Hypertensive Patients—A Hospital-Based Study, Uganda

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2020年第4期10卷 351-363页

作者： Mwanja Pius Ayebare Pauline Erima Denis Zalwango Charity Ampaire Anne Ateenyi Agaba C Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Ryazan State Medical University Ryazan Russia London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London England Karolinska Institiute Solna Sweden

Background: Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Hypertensive patients are at a risk of developing and progression of Open Angle Glaucoma (OAG) which is a major cause of blindness in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of raised IOP and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending the hypertension clinic at Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to March 2019. Our sample comprised hypertensive patients recruited after obtaining consent. Participants were sampled consecutively and underwent both a general medical and ocular examination. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, ocular and medical factors. Data were entered into the computer using the statistical data package of Epidata version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Results: Of the 405 hypertensive study participants, mean age was 57.1 years (range 25 to 90 years, SD = 12.4 years). The overall prevalence of raised intraocular pressure was 11.6% (95% CI 8.8 - 15.1). The mean IOP among all participants was 15.2 mmHg (SD = 4.3) with a range of 3 - 34 mmHg. The factors with a statistically significant association with raised intraocular pressure after multivariate analysis were a positive family history of Glaucoma (OR 57, CI 10.33 - 315.34, P Conclusions: The prevalence of raised intraocular pressure among hypertensive patients attending the hypertension clinic in Mulago National Referral hospital, Uganda was found to be high.

关键词： Prevalence associated factors Raised Intraocular Pressure Systemic Hypertension Glaucoma Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda

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Incidence and factors associated with the Switch to the Second Line Antiretroviral Treatment at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) in Dakar

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Health 2016年第14期8卷 1566-1575页

作者： Ndeye Fatou Ngom-Gueye Gilbert Batista Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Assane Diouf KA. Daye Alioune Badara Tall Awa Diouf Kine Ndiaye Makhtar Ndiaga Diop Mountaga Dia Cheikh Tacko Diop Awa Gaye Cheikh Tidiane Ndour Moussa Seydi Lamine Gueye Bernard Marcel Diop Papa Salif Sow Ambulatory Treatment Center Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Community Health Alioune Diop University Bambey Senegal Department of Infectious Diseases Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Over the past years, efforts have been made to expand access to antiretroviral combinations (cART) in low-income countries. However, major concerns are noted with drug resistance emergence, as treatment failure result and need to introduce a second line treatment, more expensive and difficult to implement. The objective was to study the incidence of switch to second line, reasons for switch and risk factors using a cohort of people living with HIV in an Ambulatory Treatment Center in Dakar. Methodology: This was a cohort study of people living with HIV under cART from January 2004 to December 2013. Naive patients monitored for at least six months, regardless of their profile and regimen with baseline CD4 counts Results: The median age of the 827 patients included was 44 [IQR = 18 - 78]. The switch to second-line treatment was observed in 72 patients (8.7%) after an average of 38.5 months of follow-up. The overall incidence rate of switch to second line of antiretroviral treatment was 1.59 per 100 persons-years. Most of changes in first-line treatment were motivated by virological failures (n = 60, 83.3%) under treatment with AZT/3TC/NVP (n = 25, 34.7%) or AZT/3TC/EFV21 (29.2%). 9.7% of switch occurred after immunological failure, 1.4% after clinical failure, 4.2% after severe toxicity and 1.4% was not documented. Predictive factors identifying failures at the end of the multivariate analysis were age Conclusions: In total, CTA identified a low incidence rate of treatment failure of the first line of treatment. associated risk factors were age 3 and high viral load at treatment initiation.

关键词： Incidence associated factors Switch to 2nd Line cART CTA Dakar

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Prevalence and factors associated with Dysmenorrhea in Parakou, Benin

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第8期10卷 1000-1010页

作者： Mahublo Vinadou Vodouhe Rachidi Sidi Imorou Raoul Atade Kabibou Salifou Ulrich Vignonzan Nouessewa Fanny Maryline Hounkponou Koffi N’tcha Awadé Afoukou Achille Obossou UFR of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Laboratory for Studies and Research on Social Dynamics and Local Development Parakou Benin

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom of gynecology that causes social and economic disruption in the lives of women who suffer from it. But many of them consider it inevitable and do not consult a health worker. Knowing the factors associated with this condition could help reduce its frequency and impact. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with dysmenorrhea in Benin in 2017. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study from 17 April to 17 May 2017. It involved 822 women aged 15 to 44 selected by a cluster sampling technique. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, functional signs, and medical care was collected using questionnaires. The relationship between these factors and dysmenorrhea was analyzed using the chi2 test. The protocol was accepted by the ethics

关键词： Dysmenorrhea Menstruation associated factors

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factors associated with Death among Tuberculosis Patients in Dakar

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 122-139页

作者： Moustapha Diop Papa Samba Ba Jean Augustin Diegane Tine Ndèye Maguette Fall Tracie Youbong Mouhamadou Ndiaye Ndèye Mouminatou Mbaye Mouhamed Bouye Nestor Diatta Alassane Sarr Sokhna Walo Ndiaye Ibrahima Cisse Louise Fortes Degenonvo Abdourahmane Niang Adama Faye Moussa Seydi Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Health and Development Institute Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases FANN Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Pulmonology Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Faculty of Medicine and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Private Institute for Training and Research in Medicine Dakar Senegal

Introduction-Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The predictors of mortality due to TB are rarely evaluated in Senegal. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with related TB death in two treatment centers in Dakar, Senegal. Method: We conducted a prospective descriptive-analytical study dealing with TB patients followed in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN Teaching Hospital and Dakar Principal Hospital and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital from March 1st, 2019 to February 29th, 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the associated factors of death. Results: Two hundred eighty-two patients in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at FANN teaching hospital (57%), in the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at Dakar Principal Hospital (31%), and in the Department of Pulmonology at Dakar Principal Hospital (12%) were included in the study. The mean age was 39 ± 16 years and the male to female ratio was 2.2. Isolated pulmonary TB, isolated extrapulmonary TB, and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were present in 33.3%, 30.5% and 36.2% of cases, respectively. Twenty-two patients died, corresponding to a mortality rate of 7.8%. factors independently associated with death were age ≥ 60 years (26.2 [3.6 - 191.2]) compared to 16 - 40 years’ age group, HIV infection (7.2 [1.4 - 36.9]), neurological localization of TB (13.19 [3.2 - 54.3]), and hemoglobin level Conclusion: Tuberculosis remains a fatal disease despite therapeutic advances. Better knowledge of associated factors of death from TB may help to reduce its mortality.

关键词： Tuberculosis Death associated factors Dakar

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