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3D N,O-Codoped Egg-Box-Like Carbons with Tuned Channels for High areal Capacitance Supercapacitors

纳微快报：英文版 2020年第7期12卷 1-12页

作者： Feng Wei Xiaojun He Lianbo Ma Hanfang Zhang Nan Xiao Jieshan Qiu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued UtilizationAnhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningPeople’s Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China

Functional carbonaceous materials for supercapacitors(SCs)without using acid for post-treatment remain a substantial *** this paper,we present a less harmful strategy for preparing three-dimensional(3D)N,O-codoped egg-box-like carbons(EBCs).The as-prepared EBCs with opened pores provide plentiful channels for ion fast transport,ensure the e ective contact of EBCs electrodes and electrolytes,and enhance the electron *** nitrogen and oxygen atoms doped in EBCs improve the surface wettability of EBC electrodes and provide the ***,the EBCs display a prominent areal capacitance of 39.8μF cm-2(340 F g-1)at 0.106 m A cm-2 in 6 M KOH *** EBC-based symmetric SC manifests a high areal capacitance to 27.6μF cm-2(236 F g-1)at 0.1075 m A cm-2,a good rate capability of 18.8μF cm-2(160 F g-1)at 215 m A cm-2 and a long-term cycle stability with only 1.9%decay after 50,000 cycles in aqueous ***,even in all-solid-state SC,EBC electrode shows a high areal capacitance of 25.0μF cm-2(214 F g-1)and energy density of 0.0233 m Wh *** work provides an acid-free process to prepare electrode materials from industrial by-products for advanced energy storage devices.

关键词： Egg-box-like carbon Opened pores in pores areal capacitance All-solid-state supercapacitor

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High areal capacity flexible sulfur cathode based on multi-functionalized super-aligned carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1105-1113页

作者： Lujie Jia Jian Wang Zijin Chen Yipeng Su Wei Zhao Datao Wang Yang Wei Kaili Jiang Jiaping Wang Yang Wu Jia Li Wenhui Duan Shoushan Fan Yuegang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Laboratory for Computational Materials Engineering Division of Energy and Environment Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Rational design of a robust carbon matrix has a profound impact on the performance of flexible/wearable lithium/sulfur ***,we demonstrate a freestanding three-dimensional super-aligned carbon nanotube (SACNT) matrix reinforced with a multi-functionalized carbon coating for flexible,high-areal sulfur loading *** employing the sulfur/nitrogen co-doped carbon (SNC)"glue",the joints in the SACNT scaffold are tightly welded together so that the overall mechanical strength of the electrode is significantly enhanced to withstand the repeated bending as well as the volume change during *** SNC also shows intriguing catalytic effect that lowers the energy barrier of Li ion transport,propelling a superior redox conversion *** resulting binder-free and current collector-free sulfur cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 1,079 mAh·g^-1 at 1 C,a high-rate capacity of ~ 800 mAh·g^-1 at 5 C,and an average capacity decay rate of 0.037% per cycle at 2 C for 1,500 ***,a large-areal flexible Li/S pouch cell based on such mechanically robust cathode exhibits excellent capacity retention under arbitrary bending *** a high areal sulfur loading of 7 mg·cm^-2,the large-areal flexible cathode delivers an outstanding areal capacity of 6.3 mAh·cm^-2 at 0.5 C (5.86 mA·cm^-2),showing its promise for realizing practical high energy density flexible Li/S batteries.

关键词： lithium/sulfur battery flexible electrode multi-functional carbon glue high areal capacity

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The role of functional materials to produce high areal capacity lithium sulfur battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第3期29卷 195-209页

作者： Masud Rana Bin Luo Mohammad Rejaul Kaiser Ian Gentle Ruth Knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland QLDSt Lucia 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO) Manufacturing Business Unit36 Bradfield RoadLindfieldNSW 2070Australia

The lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs) are considered as one of the promising next generation energy storage devices due to the high theoretical specific capacity of sulfur(1675 m Ah g-1), naturally available, low ***, the practical LSBs are impeded by the well-known "shuttle effect" combined with other technical drawbacks. The "shuttle effect" causes rapid capacity decay, severe self-discharging and low active material utilization. The polysulfide(PS) which has lone pair electrons in each sulfur atom is considered as Lewis base and shows strong affinity to various polar, Lewis acid and catenation interactive materials but very weakly interacts with the non-polar conductive carbons. The "shuttle effect" occurs due to the diffusion of high order PS from the cathode to the anode and then low-order PS back to the cathode. The PS is polar and, due to a lone pair of electrons associated with the sulfur atom, is considered a Lewis base. As such, the PS shows a strong affinity with various polar and Lewis acid materials. In addition, a more novel trapping can be performance through a catenation reaction. For LSBs to compete with the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries(LIBs), the LSB areal capacity need to be ~6 m Ah cm-2(which is proportional to sulfur loading). To achieve this target the PS shuttling needs to mitigate, which can be achieved through using functional materials. This review addresses the aforementioned phenomena by considering the PS phase interacts with the various functional materials and how this impacts areal capacity and cycling stability of LSBs.

关键词： Sulfur loading Specific capacity areal capacity Polysulfides Chemical interaction

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The accuracy assessment in areal interpolation:An empirical investigation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S1期51卷 62-71页

作者： LIU XiaoHang1 & LIU Yu2 1 Department of Geography & Human Environmental Studies,San Francisco State University,San Fran-cisco,CA 94132,USA 2 Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China Department of Geography & Human Environmental Studies San Francisco State University San Francisco USA Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems Peking University Beijing China

areal interpolation is the process of transferring data from source zones to target zones. While method development remains a top research priority in areal interpo-lation,the accuracy assessment aspect also begs for attention. This paper reports an empirical experience on probing an areal interpolation method to highlight the power and potential pitfalls in accuracy assessment. A kriging-based interpolation algorithm is evaluated by several approaches. It is found that accuracy assessment is a powerful tool to understand an interpolation method,e.g. the utility of ancillary data and semi-variogram modeling in kriging in our case study. However,different assessment methods and spatial units on which assessment is conducted can lead to rather different results. The typical practice to assess accuracy at the source zone level may overestimate interpolation accuracy. Assessment at the target zone level is suggested as a supplement.

关键词： areal interpolation accuracy assessment area-to-point kriging

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Viscous fingering and its effect on areal sweep efficiency during waterflooding: an experimental study

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Petroleum Science 2019年第1期16卷 105-116页

作者： Zahra Kargozarfard Masoud Riazi Shahab Ayatollahi Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre IOR-EOR Research Institute Shiraz University Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Shiraz University Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Center School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology

Viscous fingering is one of the main challenges that could reduce areal sweep efficiency during waterflooding in oil reservoirs. A series of waterflooding experiments were carried out in a Hele-Shaw cell at ambient temperature during which areal sweep efficiency was estimated and techniques to ease the fingering problem were examined. The onset and propagation of viscous fingers were monitored as a function of both injection rate and injection/production positions. Image processing techniques were utilized to quantitatively investigate the propagation of fingers. The experimental results show that, under specific conditions, increasing the number of finger branches could improve the areal sweep efficiency, whereas growth of a single narrow finger has a negative impact on oil displacement efficiency. According to the obtained results,increasing the injection rate improves the areal sweep efficiency up to a critical rate at which viscous fingers start to *** impact of heterogeneity of the medium on distributing the viscous fingers was also investigated by introducing two different arrangements of fractures in the model. The results show that fractures perpendicular to the direction of flow would distribute the displacing water more uniformly, while fractures in the direction of flow would amplify the unfavorable sweep efficiency.

关键词： Viscous fingering areal sweep efficiency Front instability Mobility ratio Fractures Hele-Shaw cell

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areal DISTRIBUTION OF WANDERING BRAIDED AND STABLE BRAIDED RIVER CHANNEL PATTERNS IN CHINA

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第21期35卷 1816-1821页

作者：许炯心 Institute of Geography Academia Sinica Beijing 100012 PRC

So far most of the researchers regard river channel pattern formation as a deterministic problem, but a few begin to treat it as a probabilistic one. For the study of the areal distribution of river channel patterns, ... 详细信息

关键词： wandering braided channel pattern stable braided channel pattern frequency of river channel pattern areal distribution.

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areal DIFFERENTIATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF OASIS AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEM IN THE SHIYANG RIVER BASIN

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Chinese Geographical Science 1993年第4期3卷 71-78页

作者：张维祥梁智睿 Shandong Economic Research Centre Jinan 250011 PRC Shandong Television University Jinan 250014 PRC

On the basis of the study on areal differentiation of the natural environment of oasis agriculture ecosystems in the Shiyang River Basin, this paper comparatively analyzes the natural productivities, water economic benefits, production efficiency, ecological stabilities and developmental conditions of the Wuwei Oasis agricultural ecosystem in the middle reaches of the river basin and the Minqin Oasis agricultural ecosystem in the lower reaches. Under a same management level and investment of . material and energy, primary productiveness and economic benefits of the former are higher than those of the latter. Construction directions of Wuwei and Minqin oases should be different in order to alleviate the water- use contradiction between the middle and lower reaches. The construction objective of Wuwei Oasis should be efficient irrigated farming production system and Minqin Oasis should become a mixed forestry-pastoral-farming ecosystem taking ecological protection as its major function.

关键词： oasis agricultural ecosystem areal differentiation oasis construction the Shiyang River Basin

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The application of proton spectrometers at the SG-III facility for ICF implosion areal density diagnostics

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 10-18页

作者： Xing Zhang Jianhua Zheng Ji Yan Zhenghua Yang Ming Su Yudong Pu Pin Yang Xufei Xie Li Chen Ming Chen Tianxuan Huang Shao'en Jiang Shenye Liu Jiamin Yang Laser Fusion Research Center Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics

Charged particle diagnostics is one of the required techniques for implosion areal density diagnostics at the SG-III *** proton spectrometers are under development, and some preliminary areal density diagnostics have been carried out. The response of the key detector, CR39, to charged particles was investigated in detail. A new track profile simulation code based on a semi-empirical model was developed. The energy response of the CR39 detector was calibrated with the accelerator protons and alphas from a241 Am source. A proton spectrometer based on the filtered CR39 detector was developed, and D–D primary proton measurements were implemented. A step range filter spectrometer was developed,and preliminary areal density diagnostics was carried out. A wedged range filter spectrometer array made of Si with a higher resolution was designed and developed at the SG-III facility. A particle response simulation code by the Monte Carlo method and a spectra unfolding code were developed. The capability was evaluated in detail by simulations.

关键词： areal density diagnostics CR39 detector SRF proton spectrometer WRF proton spectrometer

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CERTAIN AFFINELY CONNECTED SPACES WITH areal METRICS

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Science in China,Ser.A 1957年第6期 27-35页

作者：苏步青 Fuh-tan University and Academia Sinica

I. INTRODUCTION In a previous paper the present author and Ku Chao-Hao have considered certain spaces with two structures: (1) A K-pie areal metric is given in the space; (2)the affine connection of the space is given... 详细信息

关键词： affine connected areal supporting invariant Cartan curvature disadvantage Eulerian formulae

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Separator coatings as efficient physical and chemical hosts of polysulfides for high-sulfur-loaded rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第5期29卷 51-60页

作者： Masud Rana Ming Li Qiu He Bin Luo Lianzhou Wang Ian Gentle Ruth Knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologySt LuciaThe University of Queensland QLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia State School Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising alternative energy storage devices to the commercial lithium-ion ***,the LSBs have several limitations including the low electronic conductivity of sulfur(5×10^-30S cm^-1),associated lithium polysulfides(PSs),and their migration from the cathode to the *** this study,a separator coated with a Ketjen black(KB)/Nafion composite was used in an LSB with a sulfur loading up to 7.88 mg cm^-2to mitigate the PS migration.A minimum specific capacity(Cs)loss of 0.06%was obtained at 0.2 C-rate at a high sulfur loading of 4.39 mg cm^-***,an initial areal capacity up to 6.70 mAh cm^-2 was obtained at a sulfur loading of 7.88 mg cm^-*** low Cs loss and high areal capacity associated with the high sulfur loading are attributed to the large surface area of the KB and sulfonate group(SO3^-)of Nafion,respectively,which could physically and chemically trap the PSs.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Separator coating Physical and chemical confinement Self-discharge High sulfur loading Specific capacity loss High areal capacity

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