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Evidence on Night Movements of Macroinvertebrates to Macrophytes in a Pampean Stream

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2014年第3期4卷 95-100页

作者： Nicolás Ferreiro Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentables (INEDES) and Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Nacional de Luján Luján Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina

Nocturnal invertebrate abundance peaks in lotic systems are usually associated to drift, however, diel migrations other than drift may be important in slow-flowing systems. Then, macroinvertebrate distribution on macrophytes may change along the day as result of vertical or horizontal migration from sediments or the water column. My objective was to determine whether macroinvertebrate abundance on macrophytes changes along 24 h. Three Ceratophyllum demersum patches were sampled in late spring from the Las Flores stream (Central Argentina) at 11:20 h, 17:10 h, 23:00 h and 5:00 h. Macroinvertebrates were counted and identified, and relative abundances were estimated for each sampling time. The dominant groups of macroinvertebrates sampled were Oligochaeta, Amphipoda and Cladocera. The relative abundance of macroinvertebrates on macrophytes was the highest at 5:00 h, when dissolved oxygen in water reached its minimum. In conclusion, the abundance of macroinvertebrates on macrophytes in Pampean streams may increase at night, probably as result of nocturnal migration driven by changes in predation risk or dissolved oxygen.

关键词： Night Movements Oligochaeta aquatic Plants Lotic Ecosystem Dissolved Oxygen

Phytoplankton Index of Biological Integrity (P-IBI) in Several Marshes, Southern IRAQ

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第4期2卷 387-394页

作者： Bahram K. Maulood Abdul Hameed M. Jawad Alobaidy Azhar Alsaboonchi Haider S. Abid Ghasak S. Alobaidy Department of Biology College of Science for Women University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources University of Basrah Basrah Iraq Environmental Research Center University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Twin Rivers Institute American University of Iraq-Sulaimani Sulaimani Iraq

Indices of Biological Integrity (IBIs) are being increasingly used as useful and direct tools for assessing general health of aquatic ecosystems. Although such ecosystems in Iraq, especially the southern marshes, underwent severe alterations during the last two decades, including extensive desiccation in the 1990s, such tools are largely lacking. Phytoplankton Index of Biological Integrity (P-IBI) was developed from data collected seasonally from 2005 up to 2007 in different sites of the southern marshes of Iraq to evaluate the trend of these ecosystems based on phytoplankton data. Ten metrics were selected for measuring P-IBI for the first time in Iraq as a proposed project from Nature Iraq and Twin Rivers Institute, American University of Iraq-Sulaimani. Although generally fluctuated both spatially and temporally, mean P-IBI scores showed better conditions in Al Hawizeh marsh (Good) as compared to the Central and West & East Al Hammar marshes (Fair to Good). However, the results generally indicated evidence of improvement at the Central and West & East Al Hammar marshes, whereas no recovery of the status of water was evident throughout the data obtained at Al Hawizeh marsh. Values were generally higher in winter. These observations clearly reflect the relative stability of the Hawizeh marsh ecosystem which was not subject to the desiccation process in the 1990s, while the severely dried systems of the Central and Hammar marshes are showing positive responses to the restoration efforts that were started after 2003. Among the ten metrics comprising the index, relative abundance of diatoms had the most prominent effect on the P-IBI value in the three marshes. Metrics such as chlorophyll- a concentration and relative abundance of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta also played a significant role in determining the index value. Continuous monitoring based on the selection of the most suitable metrics is recommended.

关键词： IBI Nature Iraq Marshes aquatic Ecology

Fishery and the Tourism Potential of Agbokum Waterfalls, Nigeria

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第9期4卷 733-745页

作者： Gabriel Ujong Ikpi Benedict Obeten Offem Cross River University of Technology

Species richness and human activities in natural environments are among the most important recreational needs. Monthly studies of aquatic fauna, artisanal fisheries and tourism characteristics was conducted during wet and dry seasons, over a two year period in the three landscapes along the 6817.7 m length of Agbokum waterfalls by using a close-ended pre-coded survey instrument. Through MANOVA analysis of the 1780 respondents we found strong positive association between peoples visits to the recreational areas and the type of landscape in which the respondents felt happy. People who felt happier in landscape dominated by waterfalls, visit the middle reaches of the river for outdoor recreation more often while people who feel happy in landscapes dominated by slow water current with an extensive wide area and floodplains, visit downstream reaches of the waterfalls more often. Activities performed more often along downstream reaches include fishing, bathing/swimming, boating and hunting while more frequent activities in the middle reaches (waterfalls) include taking photographs, picnics, enjoying nature, outing with family and friends, looking at view, resting and relaxing. A total of 5484 fish representing 22 species belonging to 16 genera from 9 families were sampled with 10 species being restricted to wet season and only 1 in the dry. The number of taxa and individuals present at upstream, midstream and downstream reaches were 16 (2003), 13 (1034), 17 (2447), respectively. Tilapia zillii, Clarias gariepinus and Labeo coubie dominated overall catch constituting 35.5%. Twenty five operational boats counted during the period of study, were only used downstream by 25 full-time fishermen, 87 part-time, 44 shoreline fishermen and 36 assistant fishermen. Common gears were the hook and line constituting 45.8%, cast and dip net (10.1%) bailing (8.7%), gill nets (7.3%), seine net (6.4%) Traps (5.5%), lift net (4.7%) Dip nets (0.9%), poisoning (2.8%), cutlass (3.3%) and spear (1%). Seasonally occurring aquatic fauna include

关键词： Agbokum Waterfalls Fishing Activities Fish Species Recreational Activities Landscapes aquatic Fauna Gears

Water Treatment for Waterscapes in Shimao Butterfly Bay Phase-II Project of Kunshan City, China

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Journal of Landscape Research 2012年第10期4卷 5-7页

作者： CAI Luxiang Ningbo Dahongying University

To guarantee water quality of waterscapes in Shimao Butterfly Bay of Kunshan City, maintain the water quality above the grade-IV specified in National Standards of Surface Water Environmental Quality (GB3838-2002), and achieve the low-cost, long-term and sustainable water maintenance, basic principles of ecological engineering and aquatic ecosystem balance theory were taken as the guidance of water treatment, and several water treatment techniques were applied, for example, configuration of water plants, raising aquatic animals, and putting in microorganisms. In addition, primary water supply, water replenishing and flood drainage were considered in the construction of landscape rivers to ensure landscape effects of the lake. Through the long-term water quality guarantee of principal waterscapes in Shimao Butterfly Bay, rewarding attempts were made in guaranteeing water quality of waterscapes, and favorable effects were achieved.

关键词： Lake region aquatic plants aquatic animals Microorganism Long-term water quality gurantee

Negative Impacts of the Practices of Acadjas on the Aheme Lake in Benin

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第4期5卷 301-309页

作者： Comlan Achille Dedjiho Abdoukarim Alassane Waris Chouti Etienne Sagbo Odilon Changotade Daouda Mama Moussa Boukari Dominique C. K. Sohounhloue 1Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin 2Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et de l’Environnement Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Laboratoire d’étude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée (LERCA) école Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et de l’Environnement Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

The objective of this study is to reveal the negative impacts of the practices of acadjas on the Aheme lake in Benin. Various material and methods were used for the measures of the physicochemical parameters such as: colorimetric HACH DR/890, the multiparameter WTW 340i and specific kits for the dosage of minerals. Also, the investigations were made with the resources by persons. It emerges from this study that the practices of acadjas asphyxiate and disturb the lake species. In fact, the concentrations in dissolved oxygen became very weak (1595 mg/L to 3740 mg/L), and the contents of nitrites (2, 25 mg/L to 14, 5 mg/L), suspension materials and turbidity are raised. The consequences both on the aquatic fauna and on the vegetation of the bank are worrying. The waterside populations are also threatened. Some actions in an attempt to regulate the practice of acadjas and promote reforestation of the lagoon bank need to be put in place.

关键词： Acadjas Negative Impacts aquatic Fauna Aheme Lake Benin

Silverplatter 2. 02 TOXLINE 1981-1987

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环境与职业医学 1992年第2期16卷 93-100页

SF:TOXBIB TI: Advantages of using aquatic animals for biomedical research on reproductive toxicology. AU: Mottet-NE; Landolt-ML SO: Environ-Health-Perspect; VOL 71,1987,P69-TS(REF:43) AN: 87246486 4 of 175 SF:TOXBIB TI: Experimental and clinical studies on the reproductive toxicology of 2,3,7,8—tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.AU: Silbergeld-EK; Mattison-DR SO: Am-J-Ind-Med; VOL 11, ISS 2, 1987,P131-14(REF: 78) AN: 87153365 5 of

关键词： NIOSH dioxin biomedical aquatic TCDD Bloch smoke kinetics Female Cannon

Microplastics and Wastewater Treatment Plants—A Review

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第1期12卷 1-35页

作者： Rana Zeeshan Habib Thies Thiemann Ruwaya Al Kendi Department of Biology College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain UAE Department of Chemistry College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain UAE

The emission of microplastics into nature poses a threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Their penetration of the food chain presents a danger to human health as well. Wastewater treatment plants can be seen as the last barrier between microplastics and the environment. This review focuses on the impact of waste treatment plants in retaining microplastics. Studies show that no wastewater treatment method leads to a complete retention of microplastics, and so wastewater treatment plants themselves are viewed as point sources for the discharge of microplastics into the aquatic environment. Problems associated with the utilization of microplastic loaded sewage sludge are also discussed in the review.

关键词： Microplastics Waste Water Treatment Sewage Sludge aquatic Environment

Bryophyte mass to stem length ratio: A potential metric for eco-physiological response to land use

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Open Journal of Ecology 2013年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Jason A. Hubbart Elliott Kellner Department of Forestry and Department of Soils Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences University of Missouri Columbia USA Department of Forestry University of Missouri Columbia USA

Methods of analysis are needed that quantitatively characterize the response of organisms to anthropogenic disturbance. Herein a method is presented that characterizes bryophyte morphological variability in response to timber harvest treatments (clearcut and partial cut). Samples (n = 6196) of the semi-aquatic bryophyte Brachythecium frigidum were collected from clearcut, partial cut and full forest stream reaches between August 2003 and October 2005 and analyzed to obtain mass to stem length ratios (M:SL). Results show that relative to a full forest (i.e. full canopy cover condition), average M:SL ratios were reduced approximately 18% in the partial cut and 37% in the clearcut, indicating a decrease in biomass per unit stem length with increasing harvest intensities. Increased light intensities and higher air temperatures resulting from decreased canopy cover in the harvest treatments corresponded to lower M:SL ratios (0.31 and 0.24 for the partial cut and clearcut, respectively). Results quantify the morphological response of B. frigidum to habitat perturbation, thereby validating the method as a useful assessment of anthropogenic disturbance in post-timber harvest environments. Additional work should be conducted to test the method in other physiographic regions and to isolate bryophyte response to alterations of distinct environmental variables.

关键词： Semi aquatic Bryophytes Timber Harvest Microclimate Morphological Growth Response

Review of Ecological Floating Bed Restoration in Polluted Water

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第12期5卷 1203-1209页

作者： Yu Deng Fuquan Ni College of Information and Engineering Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China

Using Ecological Floating Bed (EFB) to purify polluted water is a process of ecological restoration at virgin position, as well as a complicated physical, chemical and biological process. Its core is utilizing aquatic plants and root’s microbes to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus elements, degrade organic matter and enrich heavy metal. EFB has been applied to some water pollution control projects at home and abroad, and has got several achievements. However, there are some factors influenced the removal rate of pollutants, including plants, temperature, seasons, processing time, coverage and initial concentration of pollutants. In the future, the development orientation has been prospected from plant and its combinations, the transformation of EFB structure and the utilization of aquatic resources, and probed the technology of EFB’s building and management, to implement the win-win of landscape benefit and ecological function.

关键词： Ecological Floating Bed Polluted Water aquatic Plants Purification