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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第1期11卷 63-70页

作者： Victor Mendes LIPINSKI Andre Passaglia SCHUCH Tiago Gomes dos SANTOS Post Graduation Program of Animal Biodiversity Federal University of Santa MariaLaboratory of HerpetologyDepartment of BiologyAv.Roraima no 1000 building 17room 1140Camobi97105-900Santa MariaRSBrazil Universidade Federal do Pampa Av.Antonio Trilha1847Centro973000000 Sao GabrielRSBrasil Southern Regional Space Research Center CRS/INPE-MCTIP.O.Box 5021room 104197110-970Santa MariaRSBrazil

For decades the ecologists are using the same methods in order to determine the environmental health of a community,however,the crescent need on defining how these processes act,triggered the development of new methods that could classify the organisms and their function at the habitats.Here we used the anuran larvae to understand the effects of an environmental gradient on the structure and organization of the anuran assemblages along it,and to access in a realistic form,the actual state of preservation of the la rgest remnant of Atlantic Rainforest on the Southernmost portion of Brazil.We found that despite the higher diversity of species and the conservation unit status of the place,the ecosystem itself is still in danger,given the low number of functional groups and thus a higher number of ecosystem services that can be lost.

关键词： anuran ecosystem function conservation unities tadpoles

Perception and Recognition of Vocalization in anuran Mate Choice

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第4期11卷 394-400页

作者： Fang LU Yezhong TANG Qin CHEN Department of Ophthalmology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041SichuanChina Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Vocal communications in frogs and toads have been highly diversified and become a hot topic in the fields of herpetology,ecology,and behavioral neuroscience.The present short review summarized several interesting phenomena of vocal communication found mainly in anurans that might contribute to the individual identification of mates or rivals,including call matching,aggressive signaling,acoustic complexity,signal exaggeration,the first note effect and left hemisphere dominance.Investigations on the perception and recognition of vocal communications will facilitate our comprehension of the adaptive mechanisms and evolutionary paths of anuran signaling systems.We proposed here that comparative studies on acoustic signal structures,codes of sender status,and auditory neural responses based on phylogenetic relationships across species can highlight further the evolutionary trajectory in anurans.

关键词： anuran adaptive mechanism evolution phonotaxis vocal communication

Sex and habitat differences in size and coloration of an amphibian’s poison glands match differential predator pressures

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 764-776页

作者： Francisco Javier ZAMORA-CAMACHO Department of Phisical Chemical and Natural SystemsPablo de Olavide UniversitySevilleSpain Department of Biodiversity Ecology and EvolutionComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain

Chemical defenses are frequently accompanied by salient color patterns actively avoided by predators,a phe-nomenon referred to as aposematism.However,the production of both chemical defenses and pigments is costly,and is thus expected to be reduced under mild predator pressure.In this work,I compared the size and coloration of parotoid glands(2 dorsal,external swollen structures that secrete toxins in toads)of male and female Epidalea calamita toads from agrosystems and from pine groves.I also quantiﬁed the predator attacks received by plas-ticine toad models,whose“parotoid glands”differed in size and color conspicuousness,exposed in each habitat.Predators avoided models with large and conspicuous parotoid glands,but models in agrosystems were more of-ten attacked.Concerning actual toads,agrosystem and male individuals had larger parotoid glands,presumably implying greater production of chemical defenses than in pine grove and female conspeciﬁcs.Theseﬁndings are aligned with previous research suggesting that both agrosystem toads and males in this system are subjected to a more intense predator pressure.Difference between parotoid gland and dorsum coloration was greater in agrosys-tem toads.A marked internal pattern could function as an aposematic signal,which could counteract increased predator pressure.

关键词： anuran agrosystem aposematism Epidalea calamita plasticine model

Simulated predation pressure in Pelobates Cultripes tadpoles modulates morphology at the metamorphic stage

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 651-656页

作者： Francisco Javier ZAMORA-CAMACHO Susana Cortes-MANZANEOUE Pedro ARAGON Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(MNCN-CSIC) MadridSpain

Studies on the impacts of variation of biotic interactions at key life cycle stages are crucial to understand the interface between ecological and developmental processes.Predators exert a major impact on prey fitness.Although direct consumption entails the greatest effect,predators can affect prey by means of other mechanisms.For instance,injuries inflicted by failed predation attempts can jeopardize prey fitness,even beyond the short-term.In anuran tadpoles,failed predation typically results in partial tail loss,which is known to reduce swimming speed.However,the potential consequences of tadpole partial tail loss after metamorphosis remain understudied.Because tail materials could be important in conforming metamorph body,we assess the effects of tadpole partial tail loss on metamorph body size in Iberian spadefoot toads Pelobates cultripes.We clipped 55%tail length of pre-tail-resorption stage anesthetized tadpoles,and compared their body size as metamorphs with anesthetized and non-anesthetized non-tail-clipped controls.Also,we tested whether tail length correlated with metamorph body size of individuals of the control groups.Tailclipped tadpoles produced smaller metamorphs than both controls(the bdy size of metamorphs from both controls was similar),which could incur costs in mid-term survival or time to first reproduction.This effect could be particularly important in areas with introduced predators,if autochthonous tadpoles lack defenses against them.Results suggest that materials resorbed from tadpole tail tissues might be reallocated into metamorph body,according to the negative effect of shorter tails in a correlational analysis,and clipped tails in an experimental test,on metamorph body size.

关键词： amphibian anuran body condition body size failed predation partial tail loss

Spring Voices in Korean Rice Fields:The Effect of Abiotic Variables and Syntopic Calls on the Calling Activity of the Treefrog Dryophytes suweonensis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第4期11卷 335-341页

作者： Borzee AMAEL Sin EUNCHONG Oh SUNMIN Jang YIKWEON Laboratory of Animal Behmnour and Conservation College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Department of Life Sciences and Division of EcoScience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 120-750Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea

The calling activity of anurans is influenced by environmental variables and calls produced by syntopic amphibians,among other variables.Some variables have a strong influence,such as temperature and predation dilution,while others may have a periodical influence such as the moon cycle.Here,we hypothesised that the calling activity of the Suweon treefrog,Dryophytes suweonensis,is restricted by specific environmental variables but reinforced by the calling activity of specific syntopic anurans.Within the criteria set by the experimental design,D.suweonensis calling activity was significantly influenced by moon phase,temperature,date,time to sunset and the calling activity of Pelophylax nigromaculatus and D.japonicus.These variables are expected to be related to chorus size,predation,breeding phenology and competition,suggesting a broad plasticity in the calling activity of the species.

关键词： anuran hylidae calling activity environmental variable influence Korea North East Asia syntopic species

Geographical variation of the acoustic signals in the spot-legged treefrog (Polypedates megacephalus) of Hainan Island

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 772-781页

作者： Longhui ZHAO Qiucheng LIU Yuanyu QIN Xiaofei ZHAI Feiyun TU Tongliang WANG Jichao WANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikouChina

Geographical divergence in acoustic signals is often affected by multiple selective pressures.Environmental factors are expected to shape signals by adjusting for greater propagation efﬁciency.Nevertheless,such habitat-driven hypotheses have not been well-examined with multi-signal and multi-habitat types included simultaneously.In this study,we evaluated call similarity of the spot-legged treefrog(Polypedates megacephalus),characterized by multiple call types,from 11 geographic populations across Hainan Island.We also examined multiple factors(i.***.body mass,temperature,altitude,and vegetation)among different acoustical geographic clusters,and tested whether the variation in acoustic length and frequency among different habitats was in accordance with the predic-tion derived from the acoustic adaptation hypothesis.We showed that P.megacephalus from Hainan Island included 3 acoustic geographic clusters:the northeasternﬂatlands,the southwest mountains,and the hills around the moun-tains.We also showed that environmental factors(i.***.altitude and vegetation)varied across these 3 acoustically distinct areas.Moreover,the duration of the different call types supported the hypothesis that they should have opti-mal transmission in their own habitats.Thus,our results reveal the roles of ecological selection in the geographical divergence of anuran acoustic signals.

关键词： acoustic adaptation hypothesis anuran call similarity ecological selection geographical divergence

Artificial light at night decreases the pupillary light response of dark-adapted toads to bright light

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 867-875页

作者： Jean SECONDI Madeleine F.SCRIBA Nathalie MONDY Thierry LENGAGNE Univ Lyon UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEVilleurbanneFrance Facultédes Sciences Universitéd’AngersAngersFrance

Artificial light at night(ALAN)is expanding worldwide.Many physiological effects have been reported in animals,but we still know little about the consequences for the visual system.The pupil contributes to control incoming light onto the retina.Sudden increases in light intensity evokes the pupil light reflex(PLR).Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGC)affect PLR and melatonin expression,which largely regulate circadian rhythms and PLR itself.IpRCG receive inputs from various photoreptors with different peak sensitivities implying that PLR could be altered by a broad range of light sources.We predicted ALAN to enhance PLR.Contrary to our prediction,dark-adapted cane toads Rhinella marina,exposed to ALAN(5 lx)for 12 days,exhibited a lower PLR than controls and individuals exposed to 0.04 lx,even after 1 h in bright light.We cannot conclude whether ALAN induced a larger pupil size in dark-adapted toads or a slower initial contraction.Nevertheless,the response was triggered by a light source with an emission peak(590 nm)well above the sensitivity peak of melanopsin,the main photoreceptor involved in PLR.Therefore,ALAN alters the capacity of toads to regulate the incoming light in the eye at night,which may reduce the performance of visually guided behaviors,and increase mortality by predators or road kills at night.This first study emphasizes the need to focus on the effect of ALAN on the vision of nocturnal organisms to better understand how this sensory system is altered and anticipate the consequences for organisms.

关键词： amphibian anuran light pollution pupillary light reflex vision