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High-Throughput Screening of Nanoparticle-Stabilizing Ligands:Application to Preparing antimicrobial Curcumin Nanoparticles by Antisolvent Precipitation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2015年第1期7卷 68-79页

作者： Ilya Shlar Elena Poverenov Yakov Vinokur Batia Horev Samir Droby Victor Rodov Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Institute of Biochemistry Food Science and Nutrition Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Water-dispersible curcumin nanoparticles were prepared by bottom-up antisolvent precipitation approach. A new high-throughput screening technique was developed for selecting appropriate ligands stabilizing the nanoparticles in aqueous medium and improving their performance. The initial set of twenty-eight potential stabilizing ligands was evaluated based on their capacity to improve curcumin dispersibility in aqueous medium. The performance of four promising ligands(amino acid proline, polyphenol tannic acid, polycation Polyquaternium 10, and neutral polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone) was tested in ultrasound-aided antisolvent precipitation trials. Using the selected stabilizing ligands diminished the average particle size from ca. 1,200 to 170–230 nm, reduced their dispersity, improved stability, and allowed reaching curcumin concentration of up to 1.4 m M in aqueous medium. Storage stability of the aqueous nanodispersions varied from 2 days to 2 weeks, depending on stabilizing ligand. Studying the effects of ionic strength and pH on size and f-potential of the particles suggested that electrostatic forces and hydrophobic interactions could be the major factors affecting their stability. The ligand-protected nanoparticles showed minimal inhibitory concentration of 400 or500 μM toward Escherichia coli. We suggest that the presented screening approach may be useful for preparing nanoparticles of various poorly water-soluble bioactive materials.

关键词： Nanoparticles Curcumin Antisolvent precipitation Stabilizing ligands High-throughput screening antimicrobial E.coli

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Phytochemically Functionalized Cu and Ag Nanoparticles Embedded in MWCNTs for Enhanced antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties

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Nano-Micro Letters 2016年第2期8卷 120-130页

作者： S.Yallappa J.Manjanna B.L.Dhananjaya U.Vishwanatha B.Ravishankar H.Gururaj P.Niranjana B.S.Hungund Department of Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu University Department of Chemistry Rani Channamma University Toxicology and Drug Discovery Centre for Emerging Technologies Jain University SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences Department of Electronics Kuvempu University Department of Biochemistry Kuvempu University Department of Biotechnology B.V.B.College of Engineering & Technology

Nanomedicine is an emerging field concerned with the use of precision engineered nanomaterials, which leads to the development of novel remedial and diagnostic modalities for human use. In this study, Cu(NO_3)_2 and Ag NO_3 precursors were reduced to copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) and silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) using Terminalia arjuna bark extracts under microwave irradiation in the presence of well-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) in aqueous medium. The formation of Cu NPs or Ag NPs and their functionalization with MWCNTs via bioactive molecules of plant extract were evidenced from UV–Vis spectra, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, and TEM images. The phytochemically functionalized Cu-MWCNTs and Ag-MWCNTs nanomaterials showed enhanced biocide activity, and the inhibitory activity for bacteria was higher than that of fungus. Furthermore, these biohybrid nanomaterials are non-toxic to normal epithelial cells(Vero), whereas they are highly toxic for tested human cancer cells of MDA-MB-231, He La, Si Ha, and Hep-G2. The cell viability was found to decrease with the increasing dose from 10 to 50 lg m L^(-1), as well as incubation time from 24 to 72 h. For instance, the cell viability was found to be *91 % for normal Vero cells and *76 % for cancer cells for lower dose of 10 lg m L^(-1).

关键词： Cu-MWCNTs Ag-MWCNTs Terminalia arjuna bark extract antimicrobial activity Anticancer activity

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antimicrobial resistance of abnormal vaginal discharges microorganisms in Ouagadougou,Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第4期2卷 294-297页

作者： Simplice D Karou Florencia Djigma Tani Sagna Christelle Nadembega Moctar Zeba Aboudoulaye Kabre Kokou Anani Djeneba Ouermi Charlemagne Gnoula Virginio Pietra Salvatore Pignatelli Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoleculaire Pietro Annigoni(CERBA) Ecole Supericure des Techniques Alimentaires et Biologiques(ESTBA-UL) Université de Lomé Centre Medical Saint Camille de Ouagadougou

Objective:To assess the prevalence of bacterial strains and fungal strains infecting the vaginal tract and test their sensitivity to antibiotics in women attending Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou.Methods:From January 2008 to December 2009,a total of 2000 vaginal swabs were cultivated for bacterial and fungal identification and isolation.Furthermore,bacterial strains were tested for their susceptibility to several antibiotics used in routine in the centre. Results:The results revealed that microbial isolation and identification was attempted for 1536/2000 sample,a positivity rate of 76.80%.Candida albicans(48.76%),followed by Escherichia coli(16.67%),Streptococcus agalactiae(8-14%) and Staphylococcus aureus(7.55%) were the major agents of genital tract infections in patients.Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum combined accounted for less than 7%.Trichomonas vaginalis was identified in 1.04%coses.The antimicrobial tests revealed that the microorganisms developed resistance to several antibiotics including beta lactams.However,antibiotics such as cefamenzol,ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were still active on these bacteria.Conclusions:The results reveal that many sexually active women are infected by one or more microbial pathogens,probably because of the lock of hygiene or the adoption of some risky behaviors,such as not using condoms or having multiple sexual partners.Efforts should be made to address these points in the country.

关键词： Bacteria Genital infections Antibiotics Mycoplasma Fungal strain antimicrobial resistance Abnormal vaginal discharge Vaginal infection

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antimicrobial susceptibility profile of community acquired and nosocomial isolates of Escherichia coli from clinical blood culture specimens at a Nigerian university teaching hospital

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第8期3卷 662-665页

作者： Jombo GTA Akpan S Epoke J Denen Akaa P Eyong KI Gyuse AN Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Health SciencesBenue State UniversityPMB 102119 MakurdiNigeria Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarPMB 1115 Calabar.Nigeria Department of Surgery College of Health SciencesBenue state University MakurdiPMB 102119 MakurdiNigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar.PMB 1115 CalabarNigeria Department of Family Medicine College of Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar.PMB 1115 CalabarNigeria

Objective:To ascertain the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli recovered from blood culture specimens in Calabar.Nigeria.Methods:The study was retrospective in nature and was carried out at University of Calabar Teaching Hospital(UCTH) Calabar.Data generated from blood culture specimens over a five year period(Feb.2004-Feb.2009) was compiled, relevant information such as age,sex,organism recovered and antibiotic susceptibility patterns were obtained from patients records.Samples were collected,transported,stored and processed using standard laboratory procedures.Data obtained was analysed using Epi Info 6 statistical software.Results:Escherichia coli was responsible for 15.3%(31/203) of the blood infections being the third most common microorganism encountered.The community acquired(CA) isolates of the organism were significantly less resistant(P0.05).Majority(>95.0%) of the NC isolates of Escherichia coli were resistant to six of the antibiotics tested.Conclusions:Control mechanisms for hospital acquired infections should be stepped up so as lo limit the spread of the highly resistant bacterial strains.Also the sale and consumption of antibiotics by the public need to be regulated.

关键词： Susceptibility antimicrobial Escherichia coli Community acquired Nosocomial Resistance

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antimicrobial activity of cotton and silk fabric with herbal extract by micro encapsulation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第2期3卷 128-132页

作者： Saraswathi R Krishnan PN Dilip C Al Shifa College of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmannaKerala679325India

Objective:To explore the antimicrobial activity of microcapsules encapsulated with mixture of herbs like neem,tulsi and turmeric,and its application on cellulosic fabric in the form of microcapsules.Methods:The microcapsules were prepared from the mixture of herbs by plain diffusion method,a natural encapsulation technique with yeast and applied on cotton and silk fabric by pad-dry-cure method.The microcapsules were fixed on cotton and silk fabric using the binder UF Silpure FBR-5(PA)B at 120℃.The antimicrobial activities of the finished fabric were assessed by using three types of bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas.Results:The results of antimicrobial activity from the tests including parallel streak method and disc diffusion method showed that activity of the mixture of herbs was very effective among the three types of bacteria selected,and the antimicrobial activity of prepared microcapsule against Pseudomonas was very good.Conclusions:The herbal microcapsule treated fabric could be applied in the field of medicine.The scanning electron microscope photographs ensure the fixing of the microcapsules firmly in the yarn structure of plain woven cotton and silk fabric.

关键词： antimicrobial activity Herbs microencapsulation Ultra-fresh silpure

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antimicrobial activities of the rhizome extract of Zingiber zerumbet Linn

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第5期1卷 409-412页

作者： Golam Kader Farjana Nikkon Mohammad Abdur Rashid Tanzima Yeasmin Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Rajshahi Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Dhaka

Objective:To investigate antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of Zingiber zerumbet(Z.zerumbet)(L.)Smith and its chloroform and petroleum ether soluble fractions against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.Methods:The fresh rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet were extracted in cold with ethanol(4.0 L)after concentration.The crude ethanol extract was fractionated by petroleum ether and chloroform to form a suspension of ethanol extract(15.0 g),petroleum ether fraction(6.6 g)and chloroform soluble fraction(5.0 g).The crude ethanol extract and its petroleum ether and chloroform fractions were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity against thirteen pathogenic bacteria and three fungi by the disc diffusion method.Commercially available kanamycin(30μg/disc)was used as standard disc and blank discs impregnated with the respective solvents were used as negative control.Results:At a concentration of 400μg/disc,all the samples showed mild to moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity and produced the zone of inhibition ranging from 6 mm to 10 mm.Among the tested samples,the crude ethanol extract showed the highest activity against Vibrio parahemolyticus(V.parahemolyticus).The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of the crude ethanol extract and its fractions were within the value of 128-256μg/mL against two Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria and all the samples showed the lowest MIC value against V.parahemolyticus(128μg/mL).Conclusions:It can be concluded that,potent antibacterial and antifungal phytochemicals are present in ethanol extract of Z.zerumbet(L.).

关键词： Zingiberzerumbet(L.) Smith Antibacterial Antifungal Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) antimicrobial activity Rhizome Antifungal activity Phytochemicals Disc diffusion method Soluble fraction Pathogenic bacteria

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antimicrobial drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 130-132页

作者： Sasidharan S Prema B Yoga Latha L Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine(INFORMM) Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied SciencesAIMST UniversityJalan Bedong-SemelingBatu 3 1/2Bukit Air Nasi

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) in dairy products.Methods:Isolation and identification of S.aureus were performed in 3 dairybased food products.The isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 5 different common antimicrobial drugs.Results:Of 50 samples examined,5(10%) were contaminated with 5. aureus.Subsequently,the 5 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial resistance pattern using five antibiotic discs(methicillin,vancomycin,kanamycin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline).Sample 29 showed resistance to methicillin and vancomycin.Sample 18 showed intermediate response to tetracycline.The other samples were susceptible to all the antibiotics tested.Conclusions:The results provide preliminary data on sources of food contamination which may act as vehicles for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus.Therefore,it enables us to develop preventive strategies to avoid the emergence of new strains of resistant S.aureus.

关键词： antimicrobial drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus Milk Dairy product

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antimicrobial potential of Actinomycetes species isolated from marine environment

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 469-473页

作者： Valli S Suvathi Sugasini S Aysha OS Nirmala P Vinoth Kumar P Reena A PG and Research Department of Microbiology Mohamed Sathak College of Arts & Science

Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Actinomycetes species isolated from marine environment.Methods:Twenty one strains of Actinomyceteswere isolated from samples of Royapuram, Muttukadu, Mahabalipuram sea shores and Adyar estuary. Preliminary screening was done using cross-streak method against two gram-positive and eight gram-negative bacteria.The most potent strains C11 and C12 were selected from which antibacterial substances were extracted. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Molecular identification of those isolates was done.Results:All those twenty one isolates were active against at least one of the test organisms. Morphological characters were recorded. C11 showed activity againstStaphylococcusspecies(13.0暲0.5 mm),Vibrio harveyi(11.0暲0.2 mm),Pseudomonas species(12.0暲0.3 mm). C12 showed activity against Staphylococcus species(16.0暲0.4 mm),Bacillus subtilis(11.0暲0.2 mm),Vibrio harveyi(9.0暲0.1 mm),Pseudomonas species(10.0暲0.2 mm). 16S rRNA pattern strongly suggested that C11 and C12 strains were Streptomyces species.Conclusions:The results of the present investigation reveal that the marineActinomycetesfrom coastal environment are the potent source of novel antibiotics.Isolation, characterization and study of Actinom ycetescan be useful in discovery of novel species of Actinomy cetes.

关键词： MarineActinomycetes antimicrobial activity Streptomyces 16S rRNA Cross-streak method Antibacterial substance Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method Molecular identification Morphological character

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antimicrobial and antispasmodic activity of leaf extract and fractions of Stachytarpheta cayennensis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第3期3卷 189-192页

作者： Okoye TC Akah PA Okoli CO Ezike AC Mbaoji FN Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the antimicrobial activity of the methanol leaf extract(ME),n-hexane fraction(HF),ethylacetate fraction(EF) and methanol fraction(MF),of Stachytarpheta cayennensis C.Rich(verbenaceae) as well as to ascertain the antispasmodic effects of the ME and the various fractions(HF,EF and MF) on acetylcholine(Ach) and histamine(H) induced contractions on isolated guinea pig ileum.Methods:The in vitro agar well diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial studies while the isolated tissue method was employed for the antispasmodic test. Organisms used were all clinical isolates of Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella paratyphi,Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.Results:The extract and fractions exhibited dose dependent inhibition against all the bacteria tested and also exhibited insignificant antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of the extract and fractions(mg/mL) on Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella paratyphi respectively were ME 5.62,14.12,22.38,2.11;EF 1.25,6.30,9.40,9.40 and MF 3.98,8.81,39.80,21.13.The n-hexane fraction exhibited MIC of 1.07 mg/mL against only Bacillus subtilis.The extract and fractions exhibited significant(P< 0.05) dose dependent attenuation of contractions induced by acetylcholine and histamine on isolated guinea pig ileum.Concentrations of the extract and fractions(μg/mL) which evoked 50%inhibition of maximal response exhibited by Ach were ME 0.64,HF 0.16,EF 0.08 and MF 0.15,while that of histamine included ME 5.12,HF 0.16,EF 0.04 and MF 0.64.Preliminary phytochemical studies on the extract and fractions indicated the presence of carbohydrates,alkaloids,saponins,flavonoids,steroids and terpenoids.Conclusions: The extract and fractions of Stachytarpheta cayennensis possessed both antibacterial and antispasmodic effects confirming the claimed use in folkloric medicine for wound healing and gastrointestinal ulcerati

关键词： antimicrobial Antispasmodic Stachytarpheta cayennensis Acetylcholine Histamine

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antimicrobial Rubber Nanocapsule-Based Iodophor Promotes Wound Healing

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CCS Chemistry 2020年第2期2卷 245-256页

作者： Ruiting Li Zhen Wang Xiaodong Lian Xiaohua Hu Yapei Wang Department of Chemistry Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing 100035China

Povidone–iodine has been leading the market of clinical disinfectants worldwide since the last century but has turned a blind eye to its cytotoxic effect on the cells of the human tissue.In this study,a commercial povidone–iodine,though considered an excellent antibacterial agent,was found to have a negative influence on mammal cell growth and wound healing in preclinical trials.At the early stage of wound treatment,it even severely deteriorated the wound and enlarged the wound area.However,our newly formulated iodophors,based on rubber nanoparticles,were able to discriminate between human and bacterial cells by inhibiting the cytotoxicity damage caused by iodine to mammalian tissue and vigorously,killed the bacterial cells,thereby,presenting as superior performers of wound care,compared with povidone–iodine.Wetook advantage of a redox combination of an emulsion complex loaded with iodine to solidify a trans-polyisoprene rubber into nanocapsules.Specifically,our fabricated class of rubber nanocapsules proved to be capable of promoting remarkable cell proliferation and wound recovery,thereby,serving as a promising candidate for biocompatible and healing-favored wound disinfection agents in place of povidone–iodine.

关键词： iodine doping antimicrobial rubber nanocapsules iodophor wound healing

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