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Quantitative analysis of catechins in Saraca asoca and correlation with antimicrobial activity

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第6期3卷 421-428页

作者： Amey Shirolkar Anjum Gahlaut Anil K.Chhillar Rajesh Dabur National Research Institute of Basic Ayurvedic Sciences (Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences)Nehru Garden Centre for Biotechnology Maharishi Dayanand University Department of Biochemistry Maharishi Dayanand University

Herbal medicines are highly complex and have unknown mechanisms in diseases treatment. Saraca asoca （Roxb.）, De. Wild has been recommended to treat gynecological disorders and used in several commercial polyherbal formulations. In present study, efforts have been made to explore antimicrobial activity and its co-relation with the distributions of catechins in the organs of S. asoca using targeted MS/MS. Eight extracts （cold and hot water） from four different organs of S. asoca and two drugs were prepared and antimicrobial activity was assessed by microbroth dilution assay. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of catechins in crude extracts was done by using targeted and auto-MS/MS and correlated with antimicrobial activity. （＋）-Catechin and （＋）- epicatechin and their biosynthesis related compound were found to be up-regulated in regenerated bark and leaves extracts. （-）-Epigallocatechin was found to be significantly higher in bark water extract as compared to others but showed low antimicrobial activity. Result showed down- regulation of （-）-epigallocatechin and up-regulation of （＋）-catechin and （＋）-epicatechin in the regenerated bark and leaves of S. asoca. It might be the contributing factor in the antimicrobial activity of regenerated bark and leaves of the plant. The concentration of （＋）-epicatechin in processed drugs （Ashokarishta） from Baidyanath was found to be seven times higher than that of Dabur Pvt. Ltd., but no antimicrobial activity was observed, indicating the variations among the plant based drugs. This will be helpful in rational use of S. asoca parts. Furthermore, the analyticalmethod developed is sensitive, repeatable and reliable; therefore, it is suitable for quality control of herbal drugs.

关键词： Mass spectroscopy Phytochemistry Quality control Flavonoids Ayurveda antimicrobial

Endophytic actinobacteria of medicinal plant Aloe vera: Isolation, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity assays and taxonomic study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第10期8卷 513-518页

作者： Ahmed Nafis Ayoub Kasrati Asma Azmani Yedir Ouhdouch Lahcen Hassani Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms Faculty of Sciences SemlaliaCadi Ayyad University Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences SemlaliaCadi Ayyad University

Objective: To explore the new sources of novel bioactive compounds having pharmaceutical and agricultural interest and to search the endophytic actinobacteria from medicinal plants. Methods: NAF-1 an endophyte actinobacteria was isolated from leaves of medicinal plant Aloe vera collected in Marrakesh, Morocco using Bennett agar as selective medium. NAF-1 was tested for its antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus PIC 53156, Micrococcus luteus ATCC381, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 14579, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50090 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and four human clinic fungi belonging to the Candida, Aspergillus and Microsporum genera. Several antioxidant activities were studied such as DPPH free radical scavenging, β-carotene and linoleic acid and reducing power assays. The total of phenol and flavonoid was also calculated. Using Artemia salina shrimp assay, the cytotoxicity of NAF-1 crude extract was determined. Results: The results revealed that the actinobacteria showed a high activity(≥20 mm) against only Gram positive bacteria but it had a moderate activity(between 13 and 15 mm) against Human clinic fungi. The isolate also exhibited a LD50 of 14.20 μg/mL in the cytotoxicity assay. The result showed that the crude extract presented an interesting free radical-scavenging activity with IC50 value of(5.58 ± 0.26) μg/mL and a high value of phenolic and flavonoid compounds with(15.41 ± 0.18) μg GAE/mg extract and(11.41± 0.06) μg QE/mg extract respectively. Moreover, the taxonomic position of our endophyte actinobacteria using the morphological and physiological criteria and using 16 S r RNA gene sequence(polyphasic approach) showed that the NAF-1 isolate was similar to Streptomyces hydrogenans which was never described as an endophyte actinobacteria. Conclusions: This isolated strain appears promising resources of bioactive agents and can be exploited to produce therapeutic agents active against pathogenic disease.

关键词： Actinobacteria Medicinal plant Aloe vera antimicrobial activity Cytotoxicity Antioxidant assays Molecular identification

Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nerium oleander collected in Morocco

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第1期12卷 32-37页

作者： Messaoudi Mouhcine Laglaoui Amin Amzazi Saaid Hammani Khalil Benbacer Laila El Mzibri Mohammed Unité de Biologie et Recherche Médicale CNESTEN Laboratoire de Biochimie-Immunologie Faculté des Sciences Mohammed V University équipe de Recherche en Biotechnologies & Génie des Biomolécules Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Tanger Abdelmalek Essaadi University Laboratoire de Ressources Naturelles et Environnement Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts of Nerium oleander(N. oleander) leaves. Methods: Cytotoxic activities were evaluated by WST-1 bioassay on two human cancer cell lines, namely human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 and human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The antioxidant property of N. oleander extracts was assessed by DPPH scavenging and he agar disc diffusion method was used for the determination of an毬-carotene bleaching tests. Ttimicrobial activity against different strains. Results: Using cell viability indices, the WST-1 test revealed that both extracts reduced cell viability in both cell lines. Our results also showed that aqueous extract was more active than ethanolic extract, with IC50 values of(1.67±0.22) μg/mL and(2.36±0.44) μg/mL on MDA-MB-231 cells, and(2.89±0.35) μg/mL and(5.09±0.52) μg/mL on HT29 cells, respectively. The study of the antioxidant activity showed that N. oleander extracts had a considerable scavenging capacity and exerted a significant preventive effect against the oxidation of 毬-carotene by the peroxide radicals. However, the antibacterial test showed that both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of N. oleander had a moderate antibacterial effect limited only to Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusions: Our results shows that N. oleander aqueous and ethanolic extracts have significant cytotoxic activities against tumor cell lines and possesses a strong antioxidant capacity, suggesting the presence of active compounds in N. oleander leaves that could be a potential source of phytochemicals with high medicinal value to be used in cancer treatment and prevention.

关键词： Nerium oleander Anti-cancer Cytotoxicity Antioxidant antimicrobial Bioactive compounds

A comparative study of the antioxidant,antimicrobial,cytotoxic and thrombolytic potential of the fruits and leaves of Spondias dulcis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 682-691页

作者： shawkat Md.Aminul Islam kh Tanvir Ahmed Mohammad Kawsar Manik Md.Arif Wahid chowdhury shafayat ibne Kamal Department of Pharmacy East West University

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant,antimicrobial,cytotoxic and thrombolytic property of the fruits and leaves of Spondias dulcis(S.dulcis).Methods:Methanolic extracts of fruits and leaves of S.dulcis were partitioned with chloroform and dichloromethane.The antioxidant potential of the crude extract and partitioned fractions were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content,total flavonoid content,DPPH radical scavenging potential,reducing potential and total antioxidant capacity by specific standard procedures.The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion method.The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and compared with vincristine sulfate.The thrombolytic activity was compared with streptokinase.Results:The methanolic fruit extract exhibited the highest phenolic content,flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity,among the other extracts,with the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 10μg/mL(IC_(50):1.91μg/mL)and maximum reducing power at a concentration of 100μg/ml.(EC_(50):3.58μg/mL).Though all extract showed moderate antimicrobial activity against the bacterial strains,weak or no activity against fungus.The range of LC_(50)value of all extracts was 1.335-14.057μg/mL which was far lower than the cut off index for cytotoxicity.All extracts exhibited statistically significant(Pantimicrobial activities against a wide variety of strains while it possesses significant antioxidant,cytotoxic and thrombolytic aclivily.

关键词： Spondias dulcis Antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity Cytotoxic activity Thrombolytic activity DPPH IC50 LC(50

An antimicrobial peptide from endophytic Fusarium tricinctum of Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 153-159页

作者： M.V.Tejesvi D.R.Segura K.M.Schnorr D.Sandvang S.Mattila P.B.Olsen S.Neve T.Kruse H.H.Kristensen A.M.Pirttilä Departments of Biology University of OuluP.O.Box 3000LinnanmaaFIN-90014 OuluFinland Novozymes A/S Krogshoejvej 362880 BagsvaerdDenmark Departments of Chemistry University of OuluP.O.Box 3000LinnanmaaFIN-90014 OuluFinland

Endophytic microbes have attracted considerable attention as a completely new source of pharmaceuticals in recent years.An endophytic Fusarium tricinctum was isolated from Rhododendron tomentosum,a shrub that is found widely across the northern hemisphere.The endophytic F.tricinctum produced antimicrobial compounds that were active against Staphylococcus carnosus,Candida albicans and C.utilis.The transcriptome of the F.tricinctum was sequenced,and a total of 12,006 contigs were assembled,having an N50 value of 1390 bp.Analysis of the transcriptomic PD library of F.tricinctum yielded an antimicrobial peptide named Trtesin.The expression of Trtesin transcripts was>1000 fold in the mRNA library originating from PDB-grown fungi exhibiting high antimicrobial activity compared to FG4-grown fungi with no antimicrobial activity.Trtesin was cloned,expressed,and purified in pET32(a),and it consisted of 52 amino acids with 6 cysteine molecules.The molecular weight of Trtesin is 6138.92 Da.An additional N-terminal sequencing was done to confirm the intact peptide,as well as to check the correct amino acid sequence.The MIC of Trtesin was determined against several bacteria as 64μg/mL,and peptide showed a mild activity against F.oxysporum in agar diffusion assay,as a zone of inhibition of 10 mm was formed at 100μg of peptide.

关键词： Fungal defensin antimicrobial Endophyte Transcriptome

Chemical constituents, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of the extracts from Macaranga barteri Mull-Arg

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第7期7卷 654-659页

作者： Akintayo Ogundajo Benjamin Okeleye Anofi Omotayo Ashafa Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group Department of Plant Sciences University of the Free State Qwaqwa Campus Phuthaditjhaba 9866 South Africa

Objectives: To investigate antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials as well as chemical constituents of extracts from Macaranga barteri(M. barteri).Methods: antimicrobial activity was carried out using micro-dilution, cell culture and GC–MS methods were employed to determine the cytotoxicity and chemical constituents of the extracts respectively.Results: Marked activity was observed in methanol(ME) fraction [MIC_(50):(0.097 7–6.250 0) mg/mL] compared to hexane and ethyl acetate fractions. Aeromonas hydrophila(environmental strain) and Shigella sonnei(ATCC 29930) were the most susceptible pathogens to ME and ciprofloxacin(Cl) at MIC_(50) value of 0.097 7 and antimicrobial activities.Conclusions: Methanol fraction of M. barteri is a potent and safe antimicrobial and antifungal alternative which can be useful in the search for new antimicrobial drugs. The study also confirmed the orthodox usage of M. barteri in combating infectious diseases.

关键词： Macaranga barteri GC–MS antimicrobial Cytotoxicity

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of novel polyene type antimicrobial metabolite producing actinomycetes from marine sediments:Bay of Bengal India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第10期2卷 803-810页

作者： Valan Arasu M Asha KRT Duraipandiyan V Ignacimuthu S Agastian P Division of Microbiology Entomology Research InstituteLoyola College Department of Biochemistry Malankara Catholic CollegeMariyagiriKanyakumari District Department of Botany and Microbiology Addiriyah Chair for Environmental StudiesCollege of ScienceKing Saud University Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Loyola College

Objective:To isolate and indentify the promising antimicrobial metabolite producing Streptomyces strains from marine sediment samples from Andraprudesh coast of India.Methods:Antagonistic aetinomycetes were isolated by starch casein agar medium and modified nutrient agar medium with 1%glucose used as a base for primary screening.Significant antimicrobial metabolite producing strains were selected and identified by using biochemical and 16S rDNA level.Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the organic extracts were done by using broth micro dilution method.Results:Among the 210 actinomyeetes,64.3%exhibited activity against Gram positive bacteria,48.5%showed activity towards Cram negative bacteria,38.8%exhibited both Cram positive and negative bacteria and 80.85%isolates revealed significant antifungal activity.However,five isolates AP-5,AP-18,AP-41 and AP-70 showed significant antimicrobial activity.The analysis of cell wall hydrolysates showed the presence of LL-diaminopimelic acid and glycine in all the isolates.Sequencing analysis indicated that the isolates shared 98.5%-99.8%sequence identity to the 16S rDNA gene sequences of the Streptomyces taxons.The antimicrobial substances were extracted using hexane and ethyl acetate from spent medium in which strains were cultivated at 30X for five days.The antimicrobial activity was assessed using broth micro dilution technique.Each of the culture extracts from these five strains showed a typical polyenelike property.The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations of ethyl acetate extracts against Escherichia coli and Cumularia lunula were 67.5 and 125.0μg/mL,respectively.Conclusions:It can be concluded that hexane and ethyl acetate soluble extracellular products of novel isolates are effective against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

关键词： Marine Streptomyces sp. 16S rDNA Polyene antimicrobial activity Minimum inhibitory concentration

Phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts from ten Algerian Ficus carica L. varieties

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第3期6卷 239-245页

作者： Souhila Mahmoudi Mustapha Khali Abderahim Benkhaled Karima Benamirouche Imen Baiti Department of Food Sciences University "Saad Dahleb" of Blida Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry University of M'sila Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physicochemical Analyses

Objective: To determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanolic leaf extracts of ten Algerian fig(Ficus carica L.)varieties(uniferous, biferous and caprifig tree).Methods: Phenolics were extracted by Soxhlet method and analyzed by the Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method. Flavonoids were determined by aluminum trichloride assay and the antioxidant capacity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity was studied with the disc diffusion method and a macrodilution broth method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal lethal concentrations.Results: The mean extract yield was 14.10% ± 0.66%(n = 10). Leaf extract of biferous followed by uniferous varieties had the highest total phenolic contents [(52.296 ± 5.232)and(48.973 ± 2.015) mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dry plant extract respectively], flavonoids [(14.388 ± 0.333) and(14.136 ± 1.082) mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry plant extract] and antioxidant capacity [IC50(798.754 ± 108.590) and(825.004 ± 110.835) mg/m L]. Antioxidant capacity of fig leaves was significantly correlated with phenolic contents(r = 0.748). These extracts showed bactericidal activity and moderate antifungal activity, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal lethal concentrations were determined on Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusions: All tested extracts contain phenolic compounds and exhibited an antioxidant activity and an antimicrobial effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further researches on identification and purification of phenolic compounds are required.

关键词： Fig leaves Phenolics Flavonoids Antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第6期8卷 387-392页

作者： Apichai Srijan Woradee Lurchachaiwong Boonchai Wongstitwilairoong Ladaporn Bodhidatta Carl Mason Brett Swierczewski Department of Enteric Diseases Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical SciencesBangkokThailand Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences current affiliation of the Henry M.Jackson FoundationBethesdaMDUSA

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalSalmonella (NTS) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military operations.Methods:A total of 355 NTS isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZM-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test method.Results:NTS infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wasSalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedSalmonellahadar (n=60),Salmonellarissen (n=45), andSalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by STR (40.8％, 145/355). OneSalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia. AZM-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveillance and prevalence efforts are required to monit

关键词： Non-typhoid Salmonella antimicrobial resistance Azithromycin Deployed military Public health Thailand