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Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of 6xxx Al alloys via manipulating meso-scale and nano-scale structures guided with phase equilibrium

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第6期41卷 139-148页

作者： Qiang Lu Kai Li Haonan Chen Mingjun Yang Xinyue Lan Tong Yang Shuhong Liu Min Song Lingfei Cao Yong Du State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Institute for Materials Microstructure Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China International Joint Laboratory for Light alloys(Ministry of Education) College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Excellent comprehensive mechanical properties including good formability,high strength and high ductility are prior demands for Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys.This study utilizes calculation of phase diagram(CALPHAD)to simplify the alloy design and meet these demands.Specifically,CALPHAD was used to finely tune the Mg/Si atomic ratio in solid solution and accurately control the type and content of second phases,especially to avoid the formation of the harmful constituent phaseβ-Al Fe Si.Constituents and dispersoids of only-Al Fe Mn Si phase were found in the alloy prepared.An optimized microstructure with fine grains,micro scale constituents,densely distributed submicron scale dispersoids and extremely dense nano precipitates provides effective impediment to dislocation gliding and induces transgranular fracture.Therefore,the designed alloy has better comprehensive mechanical properties than other 6 xxx series aluminum alloys,including excellent formability,strength and ductility.The low T4P strength of 149 MPa as well as the high elongation of 26.1%implies the alloy’s applicability to automobile body panel forming.The yield strength was rapidly improved from 149 MPa to 277 MPa during the paint bake ageing,because the number density of precipitates is twice as high as that of some other 6xxx alloys.Meanwhile,the elongation was kept at a high level of 20.0%.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Mg/Si atomic ratio Constituent Precipitates Three-dimensional atom probe(3DAP)

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Segregation behaviors of Sc and unique primary Al3Sc in Al-Sc alloys prepared by molten salt electrolysis

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第7期35卷 1422-1431页

作者： Xuan Liu Jilai Xue Zhichao Guo Cheng Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

This work mainly deals with the segregating behaviors of Sc and the growth of unique primary Al3Sc in AlSc alloys prepared by molten salt electrolysis. The alloys contain 0.23–1.38 wt%Sc where Sc segregation is observed. It is found that a high current density and long electrolysis time are in favor of high Sc content, and so do the high temperature and the addition level of Sc2O3. Sc content at the edge of Al based alloy(average Sc content: 0.75 wt%) can be as high as 1.09 wt%, while it is merely 0.24 wt% at the central area. The cooling rates have a strong impact on the morphology and particle size of primary Al3Sc,but a weak influence on Sc segregation. The cusped cubic and dendritic primary Al3Sc can precipitate in the prepared Al-Sc alloys. In a slightly hypereutectic Al-0.67 wt%Sc alloy, a large and cusped dendrite grows from the edge into the center. The primary and secondary dendritic arms can be as long as 600 and 250 μm, respectively. The Sc segregating behaviors in Al-Sc alloys is due to the mechanism controlled by the limited diffusion rate of Sc in liquid Al. This can involve the establishment of a near spherical discharge interface between liquid Al and the electrolyte. The Sc rich layer near Al-molten salt interface may provide the potential primary nuclei and sufficient Sc atoms for the growth of large dendritic primary Al3Sc.

关键词： Al-Sc alloys Electrolysis Segregation Primary Al3Sc Discharge reaction

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Strengthening FCC-CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys by Mo addition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 578-583页

作者： Gang Qin Ruirun Chen Huiting Zheng Hongze Fang Liang Wang Yanqing Su Jingjie Guo Hengzhi Fu National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology

In order to strengthen the face-centered-cubic(FCC) type CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys(HEAs), different contents of Mo(0–16 at.%, similarly hereinafter) were alloyed. Phase evolution, microstructure,mechanical properties and related mechanism of these HEAs were systematically studied. The results show that sigma phase is appeared with addition of Mo, and the volume fraction of it increases gradually from 0 to 66% with increasing Mo content. It is found that Mo is enriched in sigma phase, which indicates that Mo element is beneficial to form sigma phase. Compressive testing shows that the yield strength of the alloys increases gradually from 216 to 765 MPa, while the fracture strain decreases from 50%(no fracture) to 19% with increasing of Mo. The alloy exhibits the best compressive performance when Mo content reaches 11%, the yield strength, fracture strength and fracture strain are 547 MPa, 2672 MPa and44% respectively. The increased volume fraction of sigma phase plays an important role in improving the compressive strength of(CoCrFeMnNi)_(100-x)Mo_xHEAs.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Mo element Phase transition Mechanical properties Valence electron concentration

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Effects of Fe concentration on microstructure and corrosion of Mg-6Al-1Zn-xFe alloys for fracturing balls applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第9期35卷 2086-2098页

作者： Cheng Zhang Liang Wu Guangsheng Huang Lin Chen Dabiao Xia Bin Jiang Andrej Atrens Fusheng Pan State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Research Center for Advanced Materials Chongqing Academy of Science & TechnologyChongqing 401123China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbane Qld 4072Australia

Mg-6A1-1 Zn-xFe (x = 0,1,3,5 and 7 wt%) alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy and followed by hot extrusion. Majority of Fe element exists as insoluble particles in the alloys. The as-extruded alloys showed higher degradable rates but less stable mechanical properties than as-annealed alloys. Corrosion rate of all the alloys increased with increasing Fe concentration, reaching 2.4 mL cm^-2 h^-1.0.2% yield strength of all the alloys was higher than 150 MPa. In short, Mg-6A1-1 Zn-xFe alloys have an attractive combination of corrosion and mechanical properties, which holds a bright future for fracturing balls applications.

关键词： Mg-6Al-lZn-xFe alloys Fracturing balls Corrosion Mechanical properties

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Design of near-α Ti alloys via a cluster formula approach and their high-temperature oxidation resistance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1008-1016页

作者： Beibei Jiang Donghui Wen Qing Wang Jinda Che Chuang Dong Peter K. Liaw Fen Xu Lixian Sun Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and MaterialsSchool of Material Science and Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China

The multi-component composition characteristics of high-temperature near-α Ti alloys were investigated in the present work by means of a cluster formula approach. The uniform cluster formula [CN12 cluster](glue atom)3 for the hexagonal close-packed α solid solution was first obtained based on the Friedel oscillation theory, with a total atom number in the formula of Z = 16. Then it was analyzed that the Z values in the cluster composition formulas of typical near-α Ti alloys are within the range of Z = 16.0016.30, being perfectly consistent with the ideal Z = 16. Based on it, a series of new alloys with Z = 16 and with Nb/Ta substitution for Mo in Ti1100 alloy were designed, suction-cast into φ 6 mm rods, and then heat-treated with solid solution and aging. It was found that the alloy with co-addition of Mo, Ta and Nb has a high strength and good ductility at both room and high temperatures. More importantly, the additions of Nb and Ta can contribute to the formation of continuous and compact Al2O3 scales, resulting in an obvious improvement of oxidation resistances at both 923 K and 1073 K. The effects of Mo, Ta and Nb on the oxidation behaviors of the designed alloys at 1073 K were further discussed.

关键词： Near-α Ti alloys Composition design Cluster formula approach Oxidation resistance Mechanical property

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Texture control by {10-12} twinning to improve the formability of Mg alloys: A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第10期35卷 2269-2282页

作者： Bo Song Qingshan Yang Tao Zhou Linjiang Chai Ning Guo Tingting Liu Shengfeng Guo Renlong Xin School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing 400054China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Texture control of wrought Mg alloys, particularly in rolled Mg alloy sheets, has been an important research topic for the past several decades because it has significant influence on stretch formability at room temperature. For Mg alloys, {10-12} twinning can be easily activated and causes a 86.3° lattice rotation. Thus, pre-twinning deformation is considered as an effective and low-cost method for texture control in wrought Mg and its alloys. Furthermore, it has been verified that texture control via pre-twinning deformation can remarkably improve stretch formability of rolled Mg alloy sheets. In this review, recent researches on texture control via twinning deformation and its influence on stretch formability will be critically reviewed. The main contents include the micro-mechanism and impact factors of control in twin-orientation, plastic processing techniques of pre-inducing twins and the application of pre-induced twins in improvement of stretch formability. Finally, further research directions on this field were proposed.

关键词： Mg alloys Texture Twinning Recrystallization Formability

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Review of the atmospheric corrosion of magnesium alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第9期35卷 2003-2016页

作者： Hongguang Liu Fuyong Cao Guang-Ling Song Dajiang Zheng Zhiming Shi Mathew S.Dargusch Andrej Atrens Center for Marine Materials Corrosion and Protection College of MaterialsXiamen University422 Siming Rd.Xiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeringjdamen University 422 S. Siming Rd.XiamenFujian361005China Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of Queensland BrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia

Mg atmospheric corrosion is induced by a thin surface aqueous layer. Controlling factors are microgalvanic acceleration between different phases, protection by a continuous second phase distribution, protection by corrosion products, and degradation of protective layers by aggressive species such as chloride ions. The Mg atmospheric corrosion rate increases with relative humidity (RH) and concentrations of aggressive species. Temperature increases the corrosion rate unless a protective film causes a decrease.O2, SO2 and NO2 accelerate the atmospheric corrosion rate, whereas the corrosion rate is decreased by CO2. The traditional gravimetric method can evaluate effectively the corrosion behavior of Mg alloys.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium alloys Atmospheric corrosion

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Formation of a new intermediate phase and its evolution toward θ’ during aging of pre-deformed Al-Cu alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第5期35卷 885-890页

作者： Peipei Ma Chunhui Liu Ziyao Ma Lihua Zhan Minghui Huang Light Alloy Research Institute of Central South University State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South University Changsha 410083 China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

The frequent occurrence of hitherto unknown phase Pre-θ′-2 and unusual 1.5 cθ′thick θ′precipitate was observed by atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy in the well-studied Al-Cu alloys. This phenomenon is associated with heterogeneous precipitate nucleation and growth on preexisting dislocations introduced by slight deformation prior to aging. In this study, the precise structure details of Pre-θ′-2 was determined by atomic scale imaging, image simulation based on image forming theories and first principle calculations. Pre-θ′-2 has a well-defined ordered structure sandwiched between two 2 aAl(~1.5 cθ′) spaced Cu layers on {200}Alplanes. The strong structural similarities between Pre-θ′-2 and 1.5 cθ′ thick θ′ in terms of interfacial structure and thickness, coupled with energetic calculations and preliminary in-situ observations, lead us to propose a new precipitation path toward key strengthening phase θ′

关键词： Aluminum alloys Precipitation Deformation Age-harde ning

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Recent advances in biodegradation controls over Mg alloys for bone fracture management: A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 535-544页

作者： Ming-Shi Song Rong-Chang Zeng Yun-Fei Ding Rachel W.Li Mark Easton Ivan Cole Nick Birbilis Xiao-Bo Chen School of Engineering RMIT University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Huaihai Institute of Technology The Medical School The Australian National University

Magnesium(Mg) alloys possess comparable physical and mechanical properties to bone, making them an outstanding candidate of implant materials for bone fracture treatment. In addition to the excellent biocompatibility, and bioactivity, the engagement of Mg alloys is key for a number of biological functionalities in the human body. The unique biodegradation nature of Mg alloy implants implies that it may not require a secondary removal procedure when the expected supporting tasks accomplish, as they may simply and safely "disappear" over time. Nonetheless, the demonstrated drawback of potentially rapid degradation, is an issue that must be addressed appropriately for Mg implants and is consequently given unique attention in this review article. Herein, the critical criteria and the state-of-the-art strategies for controlling the degradation process of Mg alloys are reported. Furthermore, future developments of biodegradable Mg and its alloys systems with satisfactory specifications for clinical trials and deployment,are discussed. This review aims to provide information to materials scientists and clinical practitioners in the context of developing practical biodegradable Mg alloys.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradation Corrosion mechanisms Cytocompatibility

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Anodization of titanium alloys for orthopedic applications

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 28-45页

作者： Merve Izmir Batur Ercan Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Middle East Technical University 06800 Ankara Turkey Biomedical Engineering Program Middle East Technical University 066800 Ankara Turkey

In recent years, nanostructured oxide films on titanium alloy surfaces have gained significant interest due to their electrical, catalytic and biological properties. In literature, there is variety of different approaches to fabricate nanostructured oxide films. Among these methods, anodization technique, which allows fine-tuning of oxide film thickness, feature size, topography and chemistry, is one of the most popular approaches to fabricate nanostructured oxide films on titanium alloys, and it has been widely investigated for orthopedic applications. Briefly, anodization is the growth of a controlled oxide film on a metallic component attached to the anode of an electrochemical cell. This review provides an overview of the anodization technique to grow nanostmctured oxide films on titanium and titanium alloys and summarizes the interactions between anodized titanium alloy surfaces with cells in terms of cellular adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. It will start with summarizing the mechanism of nanofeatured oxide fabrication on titanium alloys and then switch its focus on the latest findings for anodization of titanium alloys, including the use of fluoride free electrolytes and anodization of 3D titanium foams. The review will also highlight areas requiring further research to successfully translate anodized titanium alloys to clinics for orthopedic applications.

关键词： titanium alloys anodization biocompatibility orthopedics

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