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Identification of MAM1s in Regulation of 3C Glucosinolates Accumulation in allopolyploid Brassica juncea

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2020年第6期6卷 409-418页

作者： Zhangping Li Changtong Zhang Qingze Cai Yulan Zhou Zhongyuan Hu Mingfang Zhang Jinghua Yang Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding Institute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhou 310058China

allopolyploid Brassica juncea is particularly enriched in sinigrin,a kind of 3C aliphatic glucosinolates(GSLs),giving rise to characteristic taste after ***,the molecular mechanism underlying 3C aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis in this species remains *** this study,we genome-widely identified GSLs metabolic genes,indicating different evolutionary rate of GSLs metabolic genes between subgenomes of *** methythioalkylmalate synthase(MAMs)homologs were identified from ***,in which six MAM1s were located in chloroplast and the other two were not detected with any ***,BjMAM1-4,BjMAM1-5,and BjMAM1-6 displayed higher expression levels in leaves than other *** expression analysis revealed that BjMAM1-4 and BjMAM1-6 function in 3C and 4C aliphatic GSLs *** specificity of the substrate selection for the second cycle reaction is much lower than that of the first cycle,suggesting these genes may preferentially catalyze 3C aliphatic GSLs *** study provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of 3C aliphatic GSLs,thereby facilitating the manipulation of aliphatic GSLs content in ***.

关键词： Brassica juncea allopolyploid 3C aliphatic glucosinolates Sinigrin MAMs

The occurrence,inheritance,and segregation of complex genomic structural variation in synthetic Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 515-528页

作者： Dandan Hu Jin Lu Wenwen Li Yinghui Yang Junxiong Xu Han Qin Hao Wang Yan Niu Huaiqi Zhang Qingqing Liu Xiangxiang He Annaliese S.Mason JChris Pires Zhiyong Xiong Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002HenanChina Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010070Inner MongoliaChina Plant Breeding Department University of BonnBonn 53115Germany Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

"Synthetic"allopolyploids recreated by interspecific hybridization play an important role in providing novel genomic variation for crop *** synthetic allopolyploids often undergo rapid genomic structural variation(SV).However,how such SV arises,is inherited and fixed,and how it affects important traits,has rarely been comprehensively and quantitively studied in advanced generation synthetic lines.A better understanding of these processes will aid breeders in knowing how to best utilize synthetic allopolyploids in breeding ***,we analyzed three genetic mapping populations(735 DH lines)derived from crosses between advanced synthetic and conventional Brassica napus(rapeseed)lines,using whole-genome sequencing to determine genome *** observed high tolerance of large structural variants,particularly toward the telomeres,and preferential selection for balanced homoeologous exchanges(duplication/deletion events between the A and C genomes resulting in retention of gene/chromosome dosage between homoeologous chromosome pairs),including stable events involving whole chromosomes("pseudoeuploidy").Given the experimental design(all three populations shared a common parent),we were able to observe that parental SV was regularly inherited,showed genetic hitchhiking effects on segregation,and was one of the major factors inducing adjacent novel and larger ***,novel SV occurred at low frequencies with no significant impacts on observed fertility and yield-related traits in the advanced generation synthetic ***,incorporating genome-wide SV in linkage mapping explained significantly more genetic variance for *** results provide a framework for detecting and understanding the occurrence and inheritance of genomic SV in breeding programs,and support the use of synthetic parents as an important source of novel trait variation.

关键词： allopolyploid Large Genome structural variation Linkage mapping Synthetic polyploids Inheritance and segregation

Origin and evolution of a new tetraploid mangrove species in an intertidal zone

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 476-490页

作者： Hui Feng Achyut Kumar Banerjee Wuxia Guo Yang Yuan Fuyuan Duan Wei Lun Ng Xuming Zhao Yuting Liu Chunmei Li Ying Liu Linfeng Li Yelin Huang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Department of Bioengineering Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhai 519041GuangdongChina China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences Xiamen University MalaysiaSepang 43900SelangorMalaysia School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina School of Ecology Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107GuangdongChina

Polyploidy is a major factor in the evolution of plants,yet we know little about the origin and evolution of polyploidy in intertidal *** study aimed to identify the evolutionary transitions in three truemangrove species of the genus Acanthus distributed in the Indo-West Pacific *** this purpose,we took an integrative approach that combined data on morphology,cytology,climatic niche,phylogeny,and biogeography of 493 samples from 42 geographic *** results show that the Acanthus ilicifolius lineage distributed east of the Thai-Malay Peninsula possesses a tetraploid karyotype,which is morphologically distinct from that of the lineage on the west *** haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees for the chloroplast genome and eight nuclear genes reveal that the tetraploid species has two sub-genomes,one each from *** and ***,the paternal and maternal parents,*** structure analysis also supports the hybrid speciation history of the new tetraploid *** two sub-genomes of the tetraploid species diverged from their diploid progenitors during the *** niche models revealed that the tetraploid species not only occupied the near-entire niche space of the diploids,but also expanded into novel *** findings suggest that *** species distributed on the east side of the Thai-Malay Peninsula should be regarded as a new species,***,which originated from hybridization between *** and ***,followed by chromosome *** is the first report of a true-mangrove allopolyploid species that can reproduce sexually and clonally reproduction,which explains the long-term adaptive potential of the species.

关键词： Acanthus allopolyploid Biogeography Evolution Hybridization Polyploidy

Genome-wide recombination variation in biparental segregating and reciprocal backcross populations provides information for introgression breeding in Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 208-219页

作者： Meng Wang Graham J.King Lei Shi Ruiyuan Li Yi Zhang Xiaohua Wang Jinling Meng Jinxing Tu Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross UniversityPO Box 157LismoreNew South Wales 2480Australia Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science of Guizhou Province Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001GuizhouChina College of Agriculture and Forestry Science Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000ShandongChina

Variation in patterns of recombination in plant genomes provides information about species evolution,genetic diversity and crop improvement. We investigated meiotic crossovers generated in biparental segregating and reciprocal backcross populations of the allopolyploid genome of rapeseed(Brassica napus)(AACC, 2n = 38). A structured set of 1445 intercrossed lines was derived from two homozygous de novo genome-assembled parents that represented the major genetic clusters of semi-winter Chinese and winter European rapeseeds, and was used to increase QTL resolution and achieve genomic reciprocal introgression. A high-density genetic map constructed with 6161 genetic bins and anchored centromere regions was used to establish the pattern of recombination variation in each chromosome. Around 93%of the genome contained crossovers at a mean rate of 3.8 c M Mb^(-1), with the remaining 7% attributed to centromeres or low marker density. Recombination hotspots predominated in the A genome, including two-thirds of those associated with breeding introgression from B. rapa. Genetic background might affect recombination variation. Introgression of genetic diversity from European winter to Chinese semi-winter rapeseed showed an increase in crossover rate under the semi-winter environment. Evidence for an elevated recombination rate having historically contributed to selective trait improvement includes accumulation of favorable alleles for seed oil content on hotspots of chromosome A10. Conversely, strong artificial selection may affect recombination rate variation, as appears to be the case with a coldspot resulting from strong selection for glucosinolate alleles on A09. But the cold region would be promptly reactivated by crossing design indicated by the pedigree analysis. Knowledge of recombination hotspots and coldspots associated with QTL for 22 traits can guide selection strategies for introgression breeding between the two gene pools. These results and rich genomic resources

关键词： allopolyploid Meiotic crossovers Brassica napus Historical introgression Reciprocal backcross population

A comparative analysis of small RNAs between two Upland cotton backcross inbred lines with different fiber length: Expression and distribution

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 198-208页

作者： Guoyuan Liu Man Wu Wenfeng Pei Xihua Li Nuohan Wang Jianjiang Ma Xinshan Zang Shuxun Yu Jinfa Zhang Jiwen Yu State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement Ministry of Agriculture Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University

The cotton fiber is the most important raw material for the textile industry and an ideal model system for studying cell elongation. However, the genetic variation of fiber elongation in relation to miRNA is poorly understood. A high-throughput comparative RNA-seq of two lines differing in fiber length(FL) from a backcross inbred line(BIL)population of G. hirsutum × G. barbadense revealed differentially expressed(DE) miRNAs and their targets in rapidly elongating fibers. A real-time quantitative PCR analysis was further performed to validate the results. A total of 463(including 47 DE) miRNAs were identified,and seven DE miRNAs were co-localized with seven FL quantitative trait loci(QTL)identified in the G. hirsutum × G. barbadense population. Of 82(including 21 DE) targets identified, nine(including one DE) were also co-localized with the seven FL QTL. The relationship between the allopolyploid and its diploid ancestral species with respect to miRNAs and their targets was also characterized. These results will facilitate the understanding of the molecular genetic mechanism of fiber elongation with regards to miRNAs in cotton.

关键词： allopolyploid Gossypium Fiber elongation miRNA QTL hotspots

A catalog of gliadin alleles:Polymorphism of 20th-century common wheat germplasm

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The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 628-641页

作者： Eugene Metakovsky Viktor Melnik Marta Rodriguez-Quijano Vladimir Upelniek Jose Maria Carrillo Unidad de Genetica Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia

A new, improved version of the catalog of 182 alleles at the six Gli loci of common wheat(*** L.) shown in electrophoregrams of 128 standard genotypes was used for analysis of1060 cultivars and lines bred in the 20 th century. The most frequent alleles in the studied germplasm occurred with frequencies of 18%–40%, with 30 unique alleles, one in each cultivar. Extremely high genetic diversity was found(average H for the six main Gli loci was0.870 ± 0.046), nearly identical in winter(H = 0.831) and spring(H = 0.856) wheats but differing among 28 groups of cultivars released in 22 countries. Each country or region was characterized by its own specific set of the most frequent Gli alleles, and the 28 cultivar groups formed five main relationship clusters if polymorphism at the six Gli loci was considered. However, different levels of similarity between groups of cultivars were found if polymorphism of the A, B, or D genomes of common wheat was tested separately. In general, the 20 th century germplasm of common wheat was differentiated and structured by country or region and cultivar type(spring or winter). Each elemental genome(in particular, A and D) contributed to the structure of the polymorphism studied. We propose that the structure of the wheat germplasm was a result of natural selection under the ecoclimatic conditions of cultivation specific to each country or region. As many as 27.4% of cultivars studied violated the requirement of the DUS rules for uniformity, being represented by mixtures of two or more closely related genotypes. However, the composition of a cultivar as a set of related but different genotypes may contribute to its adaptivity, and thereby to the known high plasticity of common wheat.

关键词： Gliadin alleles Genetic variation Gene geography Intra-varietal non-uniformity allopolyploid Triticum aestivum

Effect of Whole-Genome Duplication on the Evolutionary Rescue of Sterile Hybrid Monkeyflowers

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 58-71页

作者： Sofie Meeus KristýnaSemberová Nico De Storme Danny Geelen Mario Vallejo-Marín Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences.University of Stirling Stirling FK94LAUK Department of Botany Charles University12843 Prague 2Czech Republic Department of Plants and Crops Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Meise Botanic Garden Nieuwelaan 381860 MeiseBelgium Department of Biosystems KU LeuvenHeverlee 3001Belgium

Hybridization is a creative evolutionary force,increasing genomic diversity and facilitating adaptation and even *** often face significant challenges to establishment,including reduced fertility that arises from genomic incompatibilities between their ***-genome duplication in hybrids(allopolyploidy)can restore fertility,cause immediate phenotypic changes,and generate reproductive *** the survival of polyploid lineages is uncertain,and few studies have compared the performance of recently formed allopolyploids and their parents under field ***,we use natural and synthetically produced hybrid and polyploid monkeyflowers(Mimulus spp.)to study how polyploidy contributes to the fertility,reproductive isolation,phenotype,and performance of hybrids in the *** find that polyploidization restores fertility and that allopolyploids are reproductively isolated from their *** phenotype of allopolyploids displays the classic gigas effect of whole-genome duplication,in which plants have larger organs and are slower to *** experiments indicate that survival of synthetic hybrids before and after polyploidization is intermediate between that of the parents,whereas natural hybrids have higher survival than all other *** conclude that hybridization and polyploidy can act as sources of genomic novelty,but adaptive evolution is key in mediating the establishment of young allopolyploid lineages.

关键词： allopolyploid Erythranthe Mimulus polyploidy speciation whole-genome duplication

Synthesizing double haploid hexaploid wheat populations based on a spontaneous alloploidization process

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2011年第2期38卷 89-94页

作者： Lianquan Zhang Li Zhang Jiangtao Luo Wenjie Chen Ming Hao Baolong Liu Zehong Yan Bo Zhang Huaigang Zhang Youliang Zheng Dengcai Liu Yang Yen Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Wenjiang 611130 Sichuan China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810001 China Department of Biology and Microbiology South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA

Doubled haploid （DH） populations are useful to scientists and breeders in both crop improvement and basic research. Current methods of producing DHs usually need in vitro culture for extracting haploids and chemical treatment for chromosome doubling. This report describes a simple method for synthesizing DHs （SynDH） especially for allopolyploid species by utilizing meiotic restitution genes. The method involves three steps： hybridization to induce recombination, interspecific hybridization to extract haploids, and spontaneous chromosome doubling by selfing the interspecific Fis. DHs produced in this way contain recombinant chromosomes in the genome（s） of interest in a homogeneous background. No special equipment or treatments are involved in the DH production and it can be easily applied in any breeding and/or genetic program. Triticum turgidum L. and Aegilops tauschii Coss, the two ancestral species of common wheat （Triticurn aestivum L.） and molecular markers were used to demonstrate the SynDH method.

关键词： allopolyploid Doubled haploid Unreduced gametes

Natural and artificial polyploids in aquaculture

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2017年第3期2卷 103-111页

作者： Li Zhou Jianfang Gui State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430072China

Genome polyploidy has been revealed to result in evolutionary advantages and novelties,and therefore,polyploid aquatic animals may possess excellent traits of economic interest including rapid growth,extensive adaptability and disease *** this reason,numerous species of natural polyploid fishes,such as common carp,gibel carp,crucian carp,salmon,and sturgeon,were chosen as important target species for *** artificial polyploids have been commercially utilized for aquaculture and most of them were created from natural polyploid fishes of the Cyprinidae and *** to the easy mass production and better economic traits in growth and flesh quality,the synthetized autopolyploids or allopolyploids from natural polyploid species in cyprinid fishes have been extensively applied to aquaculture throughout *** review outlines polyploidy advantages and innovative opportunities,lists natural polyploid species used in aquaculture,and summarizes artificial polyploids that have been induced or synthetized,and used in ***,some main research trends on polyploid utilization and ploidy manipulation of aquaculture animals are also introduced and discussed in the review.

关键词： Polyploidy Diploidization Autopolyploid allopolyploid Artificial polyploid Synthetized polyploid Aquaculture Genetic breeding