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alleviation by abscisic acid of Al toxicity in rice bean is not associated with citrate efflux but depends on ABI5-mediated signal transduction pathways

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第2期61卷 140-154页

作者： Wei Fan Jia Meng Xu Pei Wu Zhi Xin Yang He Qiang Lou Wei Wei Chen Jian Fen Jin Shao Jian Zheng Jian Li Yang College of Resources and Environment Yunan Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Institute of Life Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University

Under conditions of aluminum(Al) toxicity,which severely inhibits root growth in acidic soils, plants rapidly alter their gene expression to optimize physiological fitness for survival. Abscisic acid(ABA) has been suggested as a mediator between Al stress and gene expression, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here,we investigated ABA-mediated Al-stress responses, using integrated physiological and molecular biology approaches.We demonstrate that Al stress caused ABA accumulation in the root apex of rice bean(Vigna umbellata [Thunb.] Ohwi &Ohashi), which positively regulated Al tolerance. However,this was not associated with known Al-tolerance mechanisms. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that nearly one-third of the responsive genes were shared between the Al-stress and ABA treatments. We further identified a transcription factor, ABI5, as being positively involved in Al tolerance. Arabidopsis abi5 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to Al, which was not related to the regulation of AtALMT1 and AtMATE expression. Functional categorization of ABI5-mediated genes revealed the importance of cell wall modification and osmoregulation in Al tolerance, a finding supported by osmotic stress treatment on Al tolerance. Our results suggest that ABA signal transduction pathways provide an additional layer of regulatory control over Al tolerance in plants.

关键词： alleviation by abscisic acid of Al toxicity in rice bean is not associated with citrate efflux but depends on ABI5-mediated sign ABA Figure ABI

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Wind tunnel test of gust load alleviation for a large-scale full aircraft model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第4期36卷 201-216页

作者： Dongqiang ZHAO Zhichun YANG Xianang ZENG Jinge YU Yining GAO Guoning HUANG School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China AVIC The First Aircraft Institute Xi’an 710089China AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute Harbin 150001China

Wind tunnel test is an important way to test the performance of Gust Load alleviation(GLA).At present,some component-level wind tunnel tests have been carried out in big aviation countries,but there is a lack of full aircraft model GLA tests.In this study,a set of large-scale GLA test system in low-speed wind tunnel is developed,which includes a gust generator,a five-degree-of-freedom suspension system,a full elastic aircraft model with control system,and gust load measuring devices.Two control schemes based on closed-loop feedback control and open-loop feed forward control are respectively designed and verified by the full-model GLA tests in the wind tunnel.The experimental results show that the designed gust generator can generate a stable wideband,wide-area gust wind field;the suspension support system can sustain static and dynamic stability during wind tunnel test,and enables the model moving in the horizontal,vertical,pitching,rolling and yawing directions.The results show that the closed-loop feedback control can obtain good control performance of reducing the peak values of elastic vibration response induced by gust excitation,but has little effect on suppressing the rigid body motion excited by low-frequency gust,while the open-loop feed forward control presents superior performance in allevi-ating the high-frequency elastic vibration as well as the low-frequency rigid body motion with more than 40%overall reduction rate.

关键词： alleviation Full model Gust generator Suspension system Wind tunnel

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The alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第6期65卷 1362-1368页

作者： Chengbin Xiao Yuan Fang Suomin Wang Kai He Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐Ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Nitrogen(N)is an essential macronutrient for plants and profoundly affects crop yields and qualities.Ammonium(NH4+)and nitrate(NO3-)are major inorganic N forms absorbed by plants from the surrounding environments.Intriguingly,NH4+is usually toxic to plants when it serves as the sole or dominant N source.It is thus important for plants to coordinate the utilization of NH4+and the alleviation of NH4+toxicity.To fully decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying how plants minimize NH4+toxicity may broadly benefit agricultural practice.In the current minireview,we attempt to discuss recent discoveries in the strategies for mitigating NH4+toxicity in plants,which may provide potential solutions for improving the nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)and stress adaptions in crops.

关键词： alleviation ammonium toxicity channel nitrogen NUE transporter

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Understanding the relationships between poverty alleviation and ecosystem conservation:empirical evidence from western China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第1期14卷 209-220页

作者： Xujun HU Huiyuan ZHANG Haiguang HAO Danyang FENG Haiyan LIU Qiang ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Environmental Policy Group Wageningen University and Research CenterWageningen 6700 EWThe Netherlands

Despite growing interest in the use of Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)for both social and ecological benefits,few studies have investigated the feedback and interaction between poverty alleviation and ecosystem protection outcomes.In this study,the poverty reduction effects of PES policies and their subsequent influence on environmental protection outcomes are investigated.To address these questions,222 local rural households who were involved in PES programs from the Habahu National Nature Reserve in western China were interviewed.The results showed that the social and ecological outcomes of PES policies are neither two separate entities nor a trade-off.While rural households are the key participants in PES programs,the social and ecological outcomes of PES policies are closely related to each other.In addition,poverty reduction results could greatly influence ecosystem conservation effects.Livelihood assets,as well as the attitudes of rural households,play important roles in both of the outcomes.This research provides a new perspective that considers the social and ecological benefits of PES policies,and it also calls for an integrated consideration of social and ecological components in tihe design of PES policies to achieve enhanced results both for poverty alleviation and ecosystem conservation.

关键词： payments for ecosystem services(PES) ecosystem protection poverty alleviation livelihood assets

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Study of poverty alleviation strategy based on labor force quality improvement and ecological protection in Western China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2013年第3期11卷 218-226页

作者： Hui Liu Wuzhati Yeerken Hansen Stein Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling CAS Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nordic Consulting Group

Fragile ecological environment and poverty correlate to and reinforce each other closely in Western China.At the same time,Western China is also the most prominent area of the knowledge and human poverty with very low labor force quality.On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of poverty in Western China,this paper studies the coupling relationship between fragile ecological environment and poverty in Western China,including the impacts of fragile environment on poverty occurrence and the effects of ecological construction on poverty alleviation.It also analyzed how low labor quality causes persistent poverty in the western region.At the end of the paper,strategies of diversity poverty alleviation in Western China are suggested based on sustainable development,including education improvement,ecological construction,industries development,infrastructure construction,planning institution innovation,and so on.

关键词： poverty alleviation labor force quality ecological environment Western China

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Land Use Regionalization in Poor Counties in Mountainous Areas Based on Targeted Poverty alleviation

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Asian Agricultural Research 2020年第1期12卷 32-36,43页

作者： Qiude LI Zisheng YANG Institute of Land&Resources and Sustainable Development Yunnan University of Finance and EconomicsKunming 650221China

Land use regionalization is a strategic measure for the rational use,management and protection of land resources based on local conditions.Based on the needs of targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization strategy and the analysis on the natural and socioeconomic conditions,characteristics of land resources,and the current status of land use in Luquan County,corresponding regionalization indices were selected from four aspects:economic environment conditions,socioeconomic conditions,land resources and land use structure,and poverty alleviation and development level,a scientific and feasible index system for land use regionalization was constructed,and land use in Luquan County was regionalized by using systematic cluster analysis method.The results show that the 16 townships(towns)of Luquan County were divided into four land use regions,poverty alleviation region for development of new town and characteristic industries in the southwest(I),agricultural development and ecological poverty alleviation region in central mountainous area(II),poverty alleviation region for development of characteristic agriculture and tourism towns in eastern plateau mountainous area(III),and poverty alleviation region for development of characteristic industries and protection of land economy in the northern alpine valley area(IV).In addition,suggestions were put forward for the rational use of land in each region.

关键词： Land use regionalization Targeted poverty alleviation Poverty-stricken county in mountainous area Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County

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土地工程与乡村减贫——中国典型区域实证研究（英文）

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第5期29卷 643-657页

作者：刘彦随王永生 Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Poverty is a key issue restricting rural sustainable development; concurrently, regional land degradation impedes agricultural development and rural revitalization. China faces severe land degradation and deepening rural poverty under the context of rapid urbanization. To address these challenges, sustainable land use is an important tool in our society's economic development. Rural engineering, including rural land consolidation, reclamation, restoration, reallocation, improvement, and development, is the most direct and effective way to achieve rural sustainable poverty alleviation. This study clarifies the framework between land engineering and rural poverty alleviation, and introduces land engineering technologies, newly created land utilization practices, and the contributions to poverty alleviation in representative degraded land regions. Land engineering can increase land quantity,improve land quality, enhance land ecological function, and promote man-land system coupling. Further, it can erase rural poverty by increasing county revenue and households' income, lead to industrial development, and improve living environment. Specifically, degraded sandy land, gully land, hollowed construction land, and barren hilly land are transformed into productive land by improving the land structure. Innovated land engineering technologies and sustainable land utilization modes can provide the basic theories and reference approaches for rural poverty alleviation. Identifying obstacles to effective land and corresponding engineering practices are crucial to regional land exploitation and development, improving quality of life and alleviating rural poverty.

关键词： rural land engineering poverty alleviation man-land system coupling sustainable development rural geography

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Industrial Poverty alleviation Model in Southwestern High-altitude Mountainous Areas of China——A Case Study of Industrial Poverty alleviation of Xueshan Township in Luquan County of Yunnan Province through Planting Codonopsis pilosula

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Asian Agricultural Research 2019年第3期11卷 48-54页

作者： Zisheng YANG Renyi YANG Yanbo HE Chonghui LU En ZHU Yaohan PI Mingxin WU Ying XIONG Targeted Poverty alleviation and Development Institute Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Office of Rural Work Leading Group of Kunming Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China People's Government of Xueshan Township Luquan County

Due to the severe restrictions of natural conditions and ecological environment,high-altitude mountainous areas usually become the " hard bones" in the battle against poverty. Xueshan Township,Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County of Yunnan Province,located in the alpine valley of Jinsha River,is a major township with wide and deep poverty,and the incidence of poverty is up to 45. 00%. In recent years,Xueshan Township has insisted on the battle against poverty,made effort to develop the Codonopsis pilosula industry,and successfully developed a road to poverty alleviation through C. pilosula industry,and formed a unique industrial poverty alleviation model by the end of 2018,the incidence of poverty dropped to 0. 74%. Based on field survey and interview,this paper analyzes and summarizes the specific practices,main results,practical experience and promotion and application measures of the poverty alleviation model of C. pilosula planting industry in Xueshan Township,in the hope of providing certain reference for the targeted poverty alleviation in similar areas in Yunnan Province and other provinces of China.

关键词： High-altitude mountainous areas Industrial poverty alleviation Chinese herbal medicine planting Codonopsis pilosula Model Xueshan Township of Luquan County

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The Model of "Party Branch +" in Promoting Industrial Poverty alleviation in Poverty-stricken Mountainous Areas of China: A Case Study of Xundian in Yunnan Province

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Asian Agricultural Research 2019年第6期11卷 71-76,84页

作者： Zhiqing YAN Zisheng YANG Targeted Poverty alleviation and Development Institute Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Kunming 650221 China Party Branch Secretary s Studio of "Double Leader" Teachers in Colleges and Universities of of China Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Kunming 650221 China

The integration and development of grass-roots Party organizations and accurate poverty alleviation is the focus in social development in the new period. This is also a new measure explored by the CPC Central Committee in the new historical period to solve rural reform and extricate the poor from poverty,and can effectively enhance the enthusiasm of the masses in poverty alleviation and development work. Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County is located in the mountainous area of northeast Yunnan Province. It is one of the 592 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development and one of the 38 continuous development counties in Wumeng Mountain area. Since the implementation of the accurate poverty alleviation strategy,Xundian County insists on getting rid of poverty to grasp the overall situation of county economic and social development,focus on the actual situation of the county people,and conscientiously grasp the key of industrial poverty alleviation. It regards industry as the fundamental driving force to realize poverty alleviation from " blood transfusion" to " blood creation",and innovates the model of " Party branch +" to help the poor out of poverty by industry. It has selected 187 agricultural enterprises( cooperatives,large households) to achieve full coverage of all registered poor households,and achieved remarkable results. It has realized that each poor village has one to two leading industries,and each poor household has one to two industrial income projects,having led 30 500 poor households to increase their average income by more than 1 850 yuan. The final incidence of poverty decreased from 26. 93% in 2014 to 0. 35% at the end of 2017,becoming one of the first counties in Yunnan Province to get rid of poverty. It is also the only county in Yunnan Province that has won the Antipoverty Organization Innovation Award of the State Council. Based on field research and interviews,this paper analyzes and summarizes the specific methods,main achievements,practical experience and popularization

关键词： Accurate poverty alleviation,"Party Branch+" Industrial poverty alleviation Model Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County

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Industrial Poverty alleviation Model in Deep Poverty-stricken Villages in the Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River: A Case Study of Poverty alleviation in the Green Prickleyash Planting Industry in Laopingzi Village,Luquan County

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Asian Agricultural Research 2019年第6期11卷 59-63,70页

作者： Meiqi SHAO Zisheng YANG Targeted Poverty alleviation and Development Institute Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

Industrial poverty alleviation is the core of poverty alleviation in rural areas of China,and it is the fundamental way for the rural poor to achieve stable income and poverty alleviation. Laopingzi Village,Jiaopingdu Town,Luquan County,Kunming County,Yunnan Province,located in the dry-hot valley area of Jinsha River,has become a typical deep poverty-stricken village due to its special natural conditions.In recent years,in the battle to win the fight against poverty,the people of Laopingzi Village have achieved a virtuous cycle of the ecological environment and an access to get rid of poverty and get rich through vigorously developing green prickleyash planting industry. By the end of 2018,the incidence of poverty in Laopingzi Village Committee dropped from 45. 62% in 2014 to 1. 11%,and the green prickleyash planting industry had achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation. This article summarizes the specific practices of developing the green prickleyash planting industry in the village,analyzes the main results and successful experiences of the mode and discusses the inspiration of the implementation of green prickleyash cultivation on industrial poverty alleviation,so as to provide an effective practical example for the development and poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken areas.

关键词： Industrial poverty alleviation Green prickleyash Characteristic planting Mode Deep poverty-stricken village Dry-hot valley area of Jinsha River

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