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Alanyl-glutamine dipeptide inhibits hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury in rats

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第9期12卷 1373-1378页

作者： Chang-Jun Jia Chao-Liu Dai Xu Zhang Kai Cui Feng Xu Yong-Qing Xu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning Province China Department of General Surgery Fengtian Hospital Shenyang Medical University Shenyang 110024 Liaoning Province China

AIM： To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of alanyl-glutamine dipeptide （Ala-GIn） against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS： Rats were divided into group C as normal control Group （/7=16） and group G as alanyl-glutamine pretreatment 07=16）. Rats were intravenously infused with 0.9% saline solution in group C and Ala-GIn -enriched （2% glutamine） 0.9% saline solution in group G via central venous catheter for three days. Then all rats underwent hepatic warm ischemia for 30 min followed by different periods of reperfusion. Changes in biochemical parameters, the content of glutathione （GSH） and the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in liver tissue, Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression and morphological changes of liver tissue were compared between both groups. RESULTS： One hour after reperfusion, the levels of liver enzymes in group G were significantly lower than those in group C （P〈0.05）. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, the levels of liver enzymes in both groups were markedly recovered and the levels of liver enzyme in group G were also significantly lower than those in group C （P〈0.01）. One and 24 h after reperfusion, GSH content in group G was significantly higher than that in group C （P 〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference in activities of SOD between the two groups. One and 24 h after reperfusion, the positive expression rate of Bcl-2 protein was higher in group G than in group C （P〈0.05） and the positive expression rate of Bax protein was lower in group G than in group C （P〈0.05）. Histological and ultrastructural changes of liver tissue were inhibited in group C compared to group G. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that Ala-GIn pretreatment provides the rat liver with significant tolerance to warm ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be mediated partially by enhancing GSH content and regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the liver tissue.

关键词： alanine transaminase Animals Dipeptides Glutathione Immunohistochemistry L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Liver Male Microscopy, Electron Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 Rats Rats, Wistar Reperfusion Injury Superoxide Dismutase bcl-2-Associated X Protein

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Heat shock protein 72 normothermic ischemia,and the impact of congested portal blood reperfusion on rat liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第3期7卷 415-418页

作者： Chao Liu Dai~1 Zhen Long Xia~1 Makoto Kume~2 Yuzo Yamamoto~2 Kazuhiko Yamagami~2 Nobuhiro Ozaki~2 Yoshio Yamaoka~2 ~1Department of Surgery,The Second Clinical College of China Medical University,Shenyang 110003,Liaoning Province,China ~2Department of Gastroenterological Surgery,Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine,Kyoto,Japan Department of Surgery The Second Clinical College of China Medical University No.36 San Hao Street He-Ping District Shenyang 110003 Liaoning ProvinceChina.

INTRODUCTIONFrom the technical aspect of liver surgery ,control of bleeding during hepatic parenchymal resection is one of the most important procedures in hepatectomy .Pringle,s maneuver ,a temporary cross-clamping of the hepatoduodnal ligament ,has often been used for this purpose[1],This is the simplest and userul technique to reduce intraoperative blood loss .

关键词： alanine transaminase Animals Aspartate Aminotransferases HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins Heat-Shock Proteins L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Liver Male Portal System Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical Rats Rats, Wistar Reperfusion Injury Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Assessment of correlation between serum titers of hepatitis c virus and severity of liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第16期10卷 2409-2411页

作者： BhupinderS.Anand MariaVelez Department of Medicine V.A.Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas 77030USA

AIM:The significance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serum titers has been examined in several clinical situations. There is much evidence that patients with a lower viral load have better response rates to anti-viral therapy compared to those with higher ***,a direct association has been observed between serum titers of HCV and transmission rates of the *** aim of the present study was to determine if there was any correlation between HCV viral load and the severity of liver disease. METHODS:Fifty patients with HCV infection were included in the *** comprised of 34 subjects with a history of alcohol use and 16 *** serum HCV RNA assay was carried out using the branched DNA (bDNA) *** regression analysis was performed between serum viral titers and liver *** addition,for the purpose of comparison,the subjects were divided into two groups:those with low viral liters (≤50 genome mEq/mL) and high titers (>50 mEq/mL). RESULTS:All subjects were men,with a mean±SD age of 47±7.8 *** mean HCV RNA level in the blood was 76.3×10~5±109.1 genome equivalents/*** was no correlation between HCV RNA levels and age of the patients (r=0.181),and the history or amount (g/d) of alcohol consumption (r=0.07).Furthermore,no correlation was observed between serum HCV RNA levels and the severity of liver disease as judged by the values of serum albumin (r=0.175),bilirubin (r=0.217),ALT (r=0.06) and AST (r=0.004) ***,no significant difference was observed between patients with low viral titers and high liters with respect to any of the parameters. CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that the severity of liver disease is independent of serum levels of hepatitis C *** findings are important since they have a direct impact on the current debate regarding the role of direct cytopathic effect of hepatitis C virus versus immune-mediated injury in the pathogenesis of HCV-related liver damage.

关键词： Adult alanine transaminase Alcohol Drinking Aspartate Aminotransferases Diagnosis, Differential Genome, Viral Hepacivirus purification Hepatitis C Humans Liver Diseases Liver Function Tests Middle Aged RNA, Viral Regression Analysis Severity of Illness Index Viral Load

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Impact of cigarette smoking on response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第20期10卷 2963-2966页

作者： A.EI-Zayadi Osaima Selim H.Hamdy A.EI-Tawil Hanaa M.Badran M.Attia A.Saeed Departments of Tropical Medicine Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Clinical Pathology Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Pathology Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Hepatology National Liver InstituteMenoufeyaEgypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteCairoEgypt Cairo Liver Center GizaEgypt

AIM:Smoking may affect adversely the response rate to interferon-α.Our objective was to verify this issue among chronic hepatitis C patients. METHODS:Over the year 1998,138 chronic hepatitis C male Egyptian patients presenting to Cairo Liver Center, were divided on the basis of smoking habit into:group I which comprised 38 smoker patients(>30 cigarettes/d) and group Ⅱ which included 84 non-smoker patients. Irregular and mild smokers(16 patients)were excluded. Non eligible patients for interferon-α therapy were excluded from the study and comprised 3/38(normal ALT)in group I and 22/84 in group Ⅱ(normal ALT,advanced cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia).Group I was randomly allocated into 2 sub-groups:group Ia comprised 18 patients who were subjected to therapeutic phlebotomy while sub-group Ib consisted of 17 patients who had no *** sub-group la,3 patients with normal ALT after repeated phlebotomies were excluded from the ***-α 2b 3 MU/TIW was given for 6 mo to 15 patients in group Ia,17 patients in group Ib and 62 patients in group Ⅱ. Biochemical,virological end-of-treatment and sustained responses were evaluated. RESULTS:At the end of interferon-α treatment,ALT was normalized in 3/15 patients(20%)in group Ia and 2/17 patients(11.8%)in group Ib compared to17/62 patients (27.4%)in group Ⅱ(P=0.1).Whereas 2/15 patients(13.3%) in group *** 2/17 patients(11.8%)in group Ib lost viraemia compared to 13/62 patients(26%)in group Ⅱ (P=0.3).Six months later,ALT was persistently normal in 2/15 patients(13.3%)in group 1a and 1/17 patients (5.9%)in group Ib compared to 9/62 patients(14.5%)in group Ⅱ(P=0.47).Viraemia was eliminated in 1/15 patients (6.7%)in group Ia and 1/17 patients(5.9%)in group Ib compared to 7/62 patients(11.3%) in group Ⅱ,but the results did not mount to statistical significance(P=0.4). CONCLUSION:Smokers suffering from chronic hepatitis C tend to have a lower response rate to interferon-α compared to *** phlebotomy imp

关键词： alanine transaminase Antiviral Agents Disease Progression Drug Interactions Hepatitis C, Chronic Humans Interferon-alpha Liver Male Phlebotomy Polycythemia Smoking

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N-acetyl cysteine therapy in acute viral hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第12期9卷 2698-2700页

作者： Huseyin Gunduz Oguz Karabay Ali Tamer Resat zaras Ali Mert mer Fehmi Tabak Department of Internal Medicine and Cordiology Izzet Baysal Medical FacultyIzzet Baysal University/BoluTurkey Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Izzet Baysal Medical FacultyIzzet Baysal University/BoluTurkey Department of Internal Medicine Izzet Baysal Medical FacultyIzzet Baysal University/BoluTurkey Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Cerrahpasa Medical FacultyIstanbul UniversityFindikzade/lstanbulTurkey

AIM: To investigate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)on acute viral hepatitis (AVH).METHODS: We administered 200 mg oral NAC three times daily (600 mg/day) to the study group and placebo capsules to the control group. All patients were hospitalized and diagnosed as AVH. Blood total and direct bilirubin, ALT, AST,alkaline phosphatese, albumin and globulin levels of each patient were measured twice weekly until total bilirubin level dropped under 2 mg/dl, ALT level under 100 U/L, follow up was continued and then the patients were ***: A total of 41(13 female and 28 male) AVH patients were included in our study. The period for normalization of ALT and total bilirubin in the study group was 19.7±6.9 days and 13.7±8.5 days respectively. In the control group it was 20.4±6.5 days and 16.9±7.8 days respectively (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: NAC administration effected neither the time necessary for normalization of ALT and total bilirubin values nor duration of hospitalization, so we could not suggest NAC for the treatment of icteric AVH cases. However, our results have shown that this drug is not harmful to patients with AVH.

关键词： Acetylcysteine Acute Disease Adolescent Adult alanine transaminase Antiviral Agents Aspartate Aminotransferases Bilirubin Comparative Study Female Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Humans Liver Function Tests Male Middle Aged Reference Values

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N-acetylcysteine attenuates alcohol-induced oxidative stess in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第4期9卷 791-794页

作者： Resat Ozaras Veysel Tahan Seval Aydin Hafize Uzun Safiye Kaya Hakan Senturk Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology University of IstanbulIstanbulTurkey Department of Internal Medicine University of IstanbulIstanbulTurkey Department of Biochemistry University of IstanbulIstanbulTurkey

AIM:To investigate free-radical scavenger effect of n- acetylcysteine in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol. METHODS:Twenty-four rats divided into three groups were fed with ethanol (6 g/kg/day,Group 1),ethanol and n- acetylcysteine (1 g/kg,Group 2),or isocaloric dextrose (control group,Group 3) for 4 *** animals were sacrificed under ether anesthesia,and intracardiac blood and liver tissues were *** were made in both serum and homogenized liver tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by TBARS *** peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were studied by commercial kits. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS:ALT and AST in Group 1 (154 U/L and 302 U/L, respectively) were higher than those in Group 2 (94 U/L and 155 U/L) and Group 3 (99 U/L and 168 U/L) (P=0.001 for both).Serum and tissue levels of MDA in Group 1 (1.84 nmol/mL and 96 nmol/100 mg-protein) were higher than that in Group 2 (0.91 nmol/mL and 64 nmol/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (0.94 nmol/ml and 49 nmol/100 mg-protein) (P<0.001 for both).On the other hand,serum GSH-Px level in Group 1 (8.21 U/g Hb) was lower than that in Group 2 (16 U/g Hb) and Group 3 (16 U/g-Hb) (P<0.001).Serum and liver tissue levels of SOD in Group 1 (11 U/mL and 26 U/100 rag-protein) were lower than that in Group 2 (18 U/ mL and 60 U/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (20 U/mL and 60 U/100 rag-protein) (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSION:Ethanol-induced liver damage was associated with oxidative stress,and co-administration of n-acetylolsteine attenuates this damage effectively in rat model.

关键词： Acetylcysteine alanine transaminase Animals Aspartate Aminotransferases Ethanol inhibitors Glutathione Glutathione Peroxidase Liver Male Malondialdehyde Oxidative Stress Rats Rats, Wistar Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Superoxide Dismutase

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Healthy ranges of serum alanine aminotransferase levels in Iranian blood donors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第10期9卷 2322-2324页

作者： Mehdi Mohamadnejad Akram Pourshams Reza Malekzadeh Ashraf Mohamadkhani Afsaneh Rajabiani Ali Ali Asgari Seyed Meysam Alimohamadi Hadi Razjooyan Mansooreh Mamar-Abadi Digestive Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Pathology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

AIM: The healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) levels are less well studied. The aim of this study was to define the upper limit of normal (ULN) for serum ALT levels, and to assess factors associated with serum ALT activity in apparently healthy blood donors. METHODS: A total of 1 939 blood donors were *** measurements were performed for all cases using the same laboratory method. Healthy ranges for ALT levels werecomputed from the population at the lowest risk for liver disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate associations between clinical factors and ALT ***: Serum ALT activity was independently associated with body mass index (BMI) and male gender, but not associated with age. Association of ALT with BMI was more prominent in males than in females. Upper limit of normal for non-overweight women (BMI of less than 25) was 34 U/L,and for non-overweight men was 40 U/***: Serum ALT is strongly associated with sex and BMI. The normal range of ALT should be defined for male and female separately.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Aged alanine transaminase Blood Donors Body Mass Index Chemistry, Clinical numerical data Child Female Humans Iran Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Reference Values Sex Distribution

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Patterns of liver profile disturbance in patients with COVID-19

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第7期10卷 2063-2071页

作者： Hend Ibrahim Shousha Ahmed Ramadan Rania Lithy Mohamed El-Kassas Department of Endemic Medicine Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 12556Egypt Department of Endemic Medicine Faculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt

Fever and cough are the most common clinical symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but complications(such as pneumonia,respiratory distress syndrome,and multiorgan failure)can occur in people with additional ***-19 may be a new cause of liver disease,as liver profile disturbance is one of the most common findings among *** molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon,however,is still *** this paper,we review the most current research on the patterns of change in liver profile among patients with COVID-19,the possible explanation for these findings,and the relation to pre-existing liver disease in these patients.

关键词： Liver functions COVID-19 Liver profile alanine transaminase aspartate transaminase Bilirubin

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Safe upper limit of intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion for liver resection in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第5期7卷 713-717页

作者： Dao-Xiong Lei~(1,2) Cheng-Hong Peng~1 Shu-You Peng~1 Xian-Chuan Jiang~1 Yu-Lian Wu~1 Hong-Wei Shen~1 1 Department of Surgery,Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310009,Zhejiang Province,China2 Department of Surgery,Zhongnan Hospital,Wuhan University School of Medicine,Wuhan 430071,Hubei Province,China Department of Surgery Zhongnan Hospital Wuhan University School of Medicine Wuhan 430071 Hubei Province China. Nicholaslei@***

AIM: To evaluate the effects of varying ischemic durations on cirrhotic liver and to determine the safe upper limit of repeated intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion. METHODS: Hepatic ischemia in cirrhotic rats was induced by clamping the common pedicle of left and median lobes after non-ischemic lobes resection. The cirrhotic rats were divided into six groups according to the duration and form of vascular clamping: sham occlusion (SO), intermittent occlusion for 10 (IO-10), 15(IO-15), 20(IO-20) and 30(IO-30) minutes with 5 minutes of reflow and continuous occlusion for 60 minutes (CO-60). All animals received a total duration of 60 minutes of hepatic inflow occlusion. Liver viability was investigated in relation of hepatic adenylate energy charge (EC). Triphenyltetrazollum chloride (TTC) reduction activities were assayed to qualitatively evaluate the degree of irreversible hepatocellular injury. The biochemical and morphological changes were also assessed and a 7-day mortality was observed. RESULTS: At 60 minutes after reperfusion following a total of 60 minutes of hepatic inflow occlusion, EC values in IO-10 (0.749 +/- 0.012) and IO-15 (0.699 +/- 0.002) groups were rapidly restored to that in SO group (0.748 +/- 0.016), TTC reduction activities remained in high levels (0.144 +/- 0.002 mg/mg protein, 0.139 +/- 0.003 mg/mg protein and 0.121 +/- 0.003 mg/mg protein in SO, IO-10 and IO-15 groups, respectively). But in IO-20 and IO-30 groups, EC levels were partly restored (0.457 +/- 0.023 and 0.534 +/- 0.027) accompanying with a significantly decreased TTC reduction activities (0.070 +/- 0.005 mg/mg protein and 0.061 +/- 0.003 mg/mg protein). No recovery in EC values (0.228 +/- 0.004) and a progressive decrease in TTC reduction activities (0.033 +/- 0.002 mg/mg protein) were shown in CO-60 group. Although not significantly different, the activities of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) on the third postoperative day (POD(3)) and POD(7) and of the serum alanine

关键词： alanine transaminase Animals Aspartate Aminotransferases Blood Loss, Surgical Disease Models, Animal Ischemia Liver Circulation Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental Male Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reperfusion Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Surgical Instruments Time Factors

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Biochemical Changes in Hybrid Catfish (Heterobranchus bidorsalis,♂ x Clarias gariepinus,♀) Treated with Nuracron

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应用与环境生物学报 2010年第3期16卷 353-357页

作者： GABRIEL Ugwemorubong Ujagwung OBOMANU Faithwin Gamalie EDORI Onisogen Simon Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment Rivers State University of Science & Technology P.M.B 5080 Port Harcourt 5000001 Nigeria Department of Chemistry Rivers State University of Science & Technology P.M.B 5080 Port Harcourt 5000001 Nigeria Department of Chemistry Rivers State University of Education P.M.B. 5047 Rumuolameni Port Harcourt. 5000001 Nigeria

The effects of sublethal levels of nuracron,dimethylphosphate-3-hydroxy-N-methyl-cis-crotonamide(0,0.625× 10-6,1.25×10-6,2.5×10-6,5.0×10-6 and 10.0×10-6) on biochemical changes(aspartate transaminase,AST,E.C.2.***.1.1;alanine transaminase,ALT;2.***.2.2;alkaline phosphatase,ALP,EC 3.***.3.1) in the organs(kidney,liver,gill) and muscle tissues of hybrid catfi sh Heterobranchus bidorsalis,♂× Clarias gariepinus,♀ [mean weight,(277.76±53.11) g SD;mean total length,(35.69±2.80) cm,SD] were studied after a 23 d exposure in a renewal bioassay under laboratory ***,nuracron inhibited AST,ALT and ALP activities in all the exposure concentrations,with ALT activity being mostly *** most elicited enzyme was ALP in the kidney [(4 052.67±1610.45) IU/L],followed by AST in the muscle [(908.44±218.34) IU/L] and ALT in the liver [(160.29±73.68) IU/L].The ALP activity was 30.24 and 6.53 times greater than that of ALT and *** highest inhibition for AST(43.65%),ALT(47.88%) and ALP(57.98%) occurred at 10×10-6,0.625×10-6 and 2.5×10-6,*** activities of the enzymes in all the organs did not show any direct relationship with the exposure concentrations of the *** activity in the muscle generally suffered the most compared with the other *** activities of enzymes in the liver were generally inhibited,with elevation at 5.0×10-6 for all the *** lower concentrations of nuracron(0.625 ×10-6～2.5×10-6) caused elevation in the activities of ALP,but the reverse was the case with the higher concentrations;these of AST and ALT were *** relative activities of the various enzymes in the organs showed that the order for AST was liver>muscle>kidney>gill;that for ALT:liver>kidney,muscle>gill and that for ALP:kidney>gill>liver and ***,for AST and ALT the activities in the organs of the exposed fi sh peaked at 5.0×10-6 *** alteration in the activities of the enzymes indicated that the extract interfered with the Kreb's c

关键词： aspartate transaminase alanine transaminase alkaline phosphatase hybrid catfi sh nuracron

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