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Mapping anthropogenic emissions in China at 1 km spatial resolution and its application in air quality modeling

Science Bulletin 2021年第6期66卷 612-620,M0004页

作者： Bo Zheng Jing Cheng Guannan Geng Xin Wang Meng Li Qinren Shi Ji Qi Yu Lei Qiang Zhang Kebin He Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012China Center for Environmental Risk and Damage Assessment Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China Center for Regional air quality Simulation and Control Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China

New challenges are emerging in fine-scale air quality modeling in China due to a lack of high-resolution emission ***,only a few emission sources have accurate geographic locations(point sources),while a large part of sources,including industrial plants,are estimated as provincial totals(area sources)and spatially disaggregated onto grid cells based on proxies;this approach is reasonable to some extent but is highly questionable at fine spatial ***,we compile a new comprehensive point source database that includes nearly 100,000 industrial facilities in *** couple it with the frame of Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China(MEIC),estimate point source emissions,combine point and area sources,and finally map China’s anthropogenic emissions of 2013 at the spatial resolution of 30’’*30’’(~1 km).Consequently,the percentages of point source emissions in the total emissions increase from less than 30%in the MEIC up to a maximum of 84%for SO_(2)in *** new point source-based emission maps show the uncoupled distribution of emissions and populations in space at fine spatial scales,however,such a pattern cannot be reproduced by any spatial proxy used in the conventional emissions *** new accurate high-resolution emission mapping approach reduces the modeled biases of air pollutant concentrations in the densely populated areas compared to the raw MEIC inventory,thus improving the assessment of population exposure.

关键词： Anthropogenic emission inventory High-resolution mapping air quality modeling

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Photochemical Process modeling and Analysis of Ozone Generation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014年第6期22卷 721-729页

作者：王冰邱彤陈丙珍 Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University

air pollution in modern city and industrial zones has become a serious public concern in recent years in China. Significance of air quality assessment and emission control strategy design is increasing. Most studies in China focus on particulate matter(PM), especially PM2.5, while few account for photochemical secondary air pollutions represented by ozone(O3). In this paper, a procedure for air quality simulation with comprehensive air quality model with extensions(CAMx) is demonstrated for studying the photochemical process and ozone generation in the troposphere. As a case study, the CAMx photochemical grid model is used to model ozone over southern part of Beijing city in winter, 2011. The input parameters to CAMx include emission sources, meteorology field data, terrain definition, photolysis status, initial and boundary conditions. The simulation results are verified by theoretical analysis of the ozone generation tendency. The simulated variation tendency of domain-wide average value of hourly ozone concentration coincides reasonably well with the theoretical analysis on the atmospheric photochemical process, demonstrating the effectiveness of the procedure. An integrated model system that cooperates with CAMx will be established in our future work.

关键词： comprehensive air quality model with extensions multi-scale ozone air quality modeling photochemical

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A database of modeled gridded dry deposition velocities for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges across North America

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 264-272页

作者： Leiming Zhang Zhuanshi He Zhiyong Wu Anne Marie Macdonald Jeffrey R.Brook Shailesh Kharol air quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoON M3H 5T4Canada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 2E4Canada

The dry deposition process refers to the flux loss of an atmospheric pollutant due to uptake of the pollutant by the earth’s *** deposition flux of a chemical species is typically calculated as the product of its surface-layer concentration and its dry deposition velocity(V_(d)).Field measurement based V_(d) data are very scarce or do not exist for many chemical species considered in chemistry transport *** the present study,gaseous and particulate dry deposition schemes were applied to generate a database of hourly V_(d) for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges for two years(2016–2017)at a 15 kmby 15 km horizontal resolution across North *** V_(d) of the 45 gaseous species ranged from<0.001 to 4.6 cm/sec across the whole domain,with chemical species-dependentmedian(mean)values being in the range of 0.018–1.37 cm/sec(0.05–1.43 cm/sec).The spatial distributions of the two-year average V_(d) showed values higher than 1–3 cm/sec for those soluble and reactive species over certain land *** species have the highest V_(d) over water surfaces,while insoluble but reactive species have the highest V_(d) over *** V_(d) of PM_(2.5) across the whole domain ranged from 0.039 to 0.75 cm/sec with median(mean)value of 0.18(0.20)cm s^(−1),while the mean V_(d) for PM_(2.5)–10 is twice that of PM_(2.5).Uncertainties in the modeled V_(d) are typically on the order of a factor of 2.0 or larger,which needs to be considered when applying the dataset in other studies.

关键词： air quality modeling Atmospheric pollutant Atmospheric deposition Dry deposition velocity Spatiotemporal distribution

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A numerical study of summer ozone concentration over the Kanto area of Japan using the MM5/CMAQ model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 236-246页

作者： Mai Khiem Ryozo Ooka Hong Huang Hiroshi Hayami Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 66-1 Kamaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan Center for Public Safety Research Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry 1646 Abiko Abiko-shi Chiba 270-1194 Japan

We assessed the ability of the MM5/CMAQ model to predict ozone （O3） air quality over the Kanto area and to investigate the factors that affect simulation of O3. We find that the coupled MM5/CMAQ model is a useful tool for the analysis of urban environmental problems. The simulation results were compared with observational data and were found to accurately replicate most of the important observed characteristics, The initial and boundary conditions were found to have a significant effect on simulated O3 concentrations. The results show that on hot and dry days with high O3 concentration, the CMAQ model provides a poor simulation of O3 maxima when using initial and boundary conditions derived from the CMAQ default data. The simulation of peak O3 concentrations is improved with the JCAP initial and boundary conditions. On mild days, the default CMAQ initial and boundary conditions provide a more realistic simulation. Meteorological conditions also have a strong impact on the simulated distribution and accumulation of O3 concentrations in this area. Low O3 concentrations are simulated during mild weather conditions, and high concentrations are predicted during hot and dry weather. By investigating the effects of different meteorological conditions on each model process, we find that advection and diffusion differ the most between the two meteorological regimes. Thus, differences in the winds that govern the transport of O3 and its precursors are likely the most important meteorological drivers of ozone concentration over the central Kanto area.

关键词： air quality modeling ozone initial/boundary conditions meteorological conditions

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air pollution and its control in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第2期1卷 129-142页

作者： HAO Jiming HE Kebin DUAN Lei LI Junhua WANG Litao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The rapid growth of China’s economy has led to severe air pollution characterized by acid rain,severe pollu-tion in cities,and regional air *** concentrations are found for various pollutants such as sulfur dioxides(SO2),nitrogen oxides(NOx),and fine *** efforts have thus been undertaken for the control of air pollution in the *** paper discusses the development and application of appropriate technologies for reducing the major pollutants produced by coal and vehicles,and investi-gates air quality modeling as an important support for policy-making.

关键词： air pollution particle emission control SO_(2)emission control vehicle emission control air quality modeling China

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