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Tracking Source Variations of Inhalation Cancer Risks and Ozone Formation Potential in Hong Kong over Two Decades(2000−2020)Using Toxic air Pollutant Monitoring Data

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 411-421页

作者： Yee Ka Wong Wai Wai Chan Dasa Gu Jian Zhen Yu Alexis K.H.Lau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China

Toxic air pollutants(TAPs)are a class of airborne chemicals known or suspected to cause serious health *** study,applying positive matrix factorization and inhalation unit risk estimates of TAPs,quantifies the changes in significant sources contributing to inhalation cancer risks(ICRs)from 2000 to 2020 in Hong Kong,*** ICR decreased from 1701 to 451 cases per million between 2000−2004 and 2016−2020,largely attributed to the reduction in diesel particulate matter(DPM),gasoline and solvent use-related volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and coal/biomass combustion-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal(loid)*** regional contribution of VOCs associated with industrial and halogenated solvent sources increased substantially,representing the largest non-DPM ICR contributor(37%)in 2016−2020,stressing the need for a more comprehensive risk evaluation across the fast-growing and densely populated Greater Bay Area(GBA).ICRs in Hong Kong and the GBA will likely remain over 100 cases per million by *** contributions to ozone formation potential of VOC/carbonyl sources were quantified,which show a notable shift from being solvent/gasoline-dominant in 2000−2004 to being more evenly shared by various sources in 2016−*** a similar TAP monitoring network in the GBA is anticipated to provide the monitoring data needed to facilitate the development of more informed air quality management strategies.

关键词： toxic air pollutant hazardous air pollutant health risk assessment source apportionment ozone formation potential air quality management

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Developing China's roadmap for air quality improvement:A review on technology development and future prospects

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 510-521页

作者： Yueyi Feng Miao Ning Wenbo Xue Miaomiao Cheng Yu Lei Institute of Atmospheric Environment Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012China

air pollution control policies in China have been experiencing profound changes,highlighting a strategic transformation from total pollutant emission control to air quality improvement,along with the shifting targets starting from acid rain and NO_(x)emissions to PM_(2.5)pollution,and then the emerging O_(3)*** marvelous achievements have been made with the dramatic decrease of SO_(2)emission and fundamental improvement of PM_(2.5)*** these achievements,China has proposed Beautiful China target through 2035 and the goal of 2030 carbon peak and 2060 carbon neutrality,which impose stricter requirements on air quality and synergistic mitigation with Greenhouse Gas(GHG)*** this background,an integrated multi-objective and multi-benefit roadmap is required to provide decision support for China’s long-term air quality improvement *** paper systematically reviews the technical system for developing the air quality improvement roadmap,which was integrated from the research output of China’s National Key R&D Program for Research on Atmospheric Pollution Factors and Control Technologies(hereafter Special NKP),covering mid-and long-term air quality target setting techniques,quantitative analysis techniques for emission reduction targets corresponding to air quality targets,and pathway optimization techniques for realizing reduction *** experience and lessons derived from the reviews have implications for the reformation of China’s air quality improvement roadmap in facing challenges of synergistic mitigation of PM_(2.5)and O_(3),and the coupling with climate change mitigation.

关键词： air quality management air quality targets Mitigation pathway optimization Dynamic emission scenario Cost-benefit evaluation Integrated decision-support model

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Accurate prediction of air quality response to emissions for effective control policy design

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 116-126页

作者： Min Cao Jia Xing Shovan Kumar Sahu Lei Duan Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

Designing effective control policy requires accurate quantification of the relationship between the ambient concentrations of O3and PM2.5and the emissions of their ***,the challenge is that precursor reduction does not necessarily lead to decreases in the concentrations of O3and PM2.5,which are formed by multiple precursors under complex physical and chemical processes;this calls for the development of advanced model technologies to provide accurate predictions of the nonlinear responses of air quality to *** from the traditional sensitivity analysis and source apportionment methods,the reduced form models(RFMs)based on chemical transport models(CTMs)are able to quantify air quality responses to emissions more accurately and efficiently with lower computational *** we review recent approaches used in RFMs and compare their structures,advantages and disadvantages,performance and *** general,RFMs are classified into three types including(1)sensitivity-based models,(2)models with simplified chemistry and physical processes,and(3)statistical models,with considerable differences in principles,characteristics and application *** prediction of nonlinear responses by RFMs enables more in-depth analysis,not only in terms of real-time prediction of concentrations and quantification of human exposure,health impacts and economic damage,but also in optimizing control ***,data assimilation and emission inventory inversion based on the nonlinear response of concentrations to emissions can also be greatly beneficial to air pollution control *** future studies,improvement in the performance of CTMs is exceedingly crucial to obtain a more reliable baseline for the prediction of air quality *** of models to determine the air quality response to emissions under varying meteorological conditions is also necessary in the context of future climate changes,which pose great challenges to the qua

关键词： air pollution Nonlinear response air quality management Reduced form models(RFMs) Precursor emissions

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Accurate Multi-Site Daily-Ahead Multi-Step PM_(2.5)Concentrations Forecasting Using Space-Shared CNN-LSTM

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5143-5160页

作者： Xiaorui Shao Chang Soo Kim Department of Information Systems Pukyong National UniversityBusan608737Korea

Accurate multi-step PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with diameters≤2.5 um)concentration prediction is critical for humankinds’health and air populationmanagement because it could provide strong evidence for ***,it is very challenging due to its randomness and *** paper proposed a novel method based on convolutional neural network(CNN)and long-short-term memory(LSTM)with a space-shared mechanism,named space-shared CNN-LSTM(SCNN-LSTM)for multi-site dailyahead multi-step PM_(2.5)forecasting with self-historical *** proposed SCNN-LSTM contains multi-channel inputs,each channel corresponding to one-site historical PM_(2.5)concentration *** which,CNN and LSTM are used to extract each site’s rich hidden feature representations in a stack ***,CNN is to extract the hidden short-time gap PM_(2.5)concentration patterns;LSTM is to mine the hidden features with long-time *** channel extracted features aremerged as the comprehensive features for future multi-step PM_(2.5)concentration ***,the space-shared mechanism is implemented by multi-loss functions to achieve space information ***,the final features are the fusion of short-time gap,long-time dependency,and space information,which enables forecasting more *** validate the proposed method’s effectiveness,the authors designed,trained,and compared it with various leading methods in terms of RMSE,MAE,MAPE,and R^(2)on four real-word PM_(2.5)data sets in Seoul,South *** massive experiments proved that the proposed method could accurately forecast multi-site multi-step PM_(2.5)concentration only using self-historical PM_(2.5)concentration time series and running ***,the proposed method obtained averaged RMSE of 8.05,MAE of 5.04,MAPE of 23.96%,and R^(2)of 0.7 for four-site daily ahead 10-hourPM_(2.5)concentration forecasting.

关键词： PM_(2.5)forecasting CNN-LSTM air quality management multi-site multi-step forecasting

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Multi-sensing paradigm based urban air quality monitoring and hazardous gas source analyzing:a review

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第3期2卷 131-145页

作者： Zhengqiu Zhu Bin Chen Yong Zhao Yatai Ji College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology(NUDT)410073109 Deya RoadKaifu DistrictChangsha CityHunan provinceChina Research Group of Multi-scale Networked Systems Informatics InstituteUniversity of Amsterdam(UvA)Science Park 904P.O.Box 943231096 XH AmsterdamNetherlands

Effectively monitoring urban air quality,and analyzing the source terms of the main atmospheric pollutants is important for public authorities to take air quality management *** works,such as long-term obser-vations by monitoring stations,cannot provide customized data services and in-time emergency response under urgent situations(gas leakage incidents).Therefore,we first review the up-to-date approaches(often machine learning and optimization methods)with respect to urban air quality monitoring and hazardous gas source *** bridge the gap between present solutions and practical requirements,we design a conceptual framework,namely MAsmed(Multi-Agents for sensing,monitoring,estimating and determining),to provide fine-grained concentration maps,customized data services,and on-demand emergency *** this framework,we leverage the hybrid design of wireless sensor networks(WSNs)and mobile crowdsensing(MCS)to sense urban air quality and relevant data(*** data,meteorological data,etc.);Using the sensed data,we can create a fine-grained air quality map for the authorities and relevant stakeholders,and provide on-demand source term estimation and source searching methods to estimate,seek,and determine the sources,thereby aiding decision-makers in emergency response(*** evacuation).In this paper,we also identify several potential opportunities for future research.

关键词： Urban air quality monitoring and source analyzing system MAsmed framework Wireless sensor networks Mobile crowdsensing air quality management

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air quality Trends in Metropolitan Zones in Veracruz, México

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Open Journal of air Pollution 2016年第2期5卷 64-94页

作者： Sergio Natan González Rocha Juan Cervantes Pérez José M. Baldasano Recio Facultad Ciencias Químicas Universidad Veracruzana Veracruz Mexico Earth Sciences Department Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS) Barcelona Spain Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad Veracruzana Veracruz Mexico Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain

Mexico and currently in Veracruz state, there are metropolitan zones (MZ) growing. Therefore, main objective in this paper is to analyze new data and AQ trends during 01.09.2013 to 30.06.2015 of two new AQ monitoring stations installed in Xalapa and Minatitlan MZ in 2013-year. The methodology applied used quality criteria to the datasets, followed by data validation and statistics for further analysis to determine the hourly, weekly and yearly trends of NO2, O3, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5. Indicators were compared with Mexican standards, CAI-LAC report, WHO guidelines, EU and USA standards to evaluate the AQ in both sites. We observed AQ trends from moderate to bad in Xalapa and Minatitlan MZ where the PM10 and PM2.5 surpassed the WHO guidelines and Mexican standards. O3 and SO2 in Xalapa presented a quality from good to moderate and in Minatitlan sometimes were from moderate to bad. NO2 did not exceed the value limits of Mexican standards, only Xalapa has exceeded the WHO guidelines. In Minatitlan, the Mexican limits were not exceeded. Concluding, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were the main problem. Others pollutants that influenced the AQ were O3, NO2 and SO2 in Minatitlan MZ due probably to meteorology, site conditions, location and oil and petrochemical industries. In Xalapa, MZ NO2 and SO2 are attributed mainly to road transport.

关键词： air Pollution air quality management air quality Trends NO2 O3 PM10 PM2.5 SO2 Veracruz

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