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aerosol Microphysical and Radiative Effects on Continental cloud Ensembles

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第2期35卷 234-247页

作者： Yuan WANG Jonathan M. VOGEL Yun LIN Bowen PAN Jiaxi HU Yangang LIU Xiquan DONG Jonathan H. JIANG Yuk L. YUNG Renyi ZHANG Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91106 USA Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77840 USA Environmental & Climate Sciences Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 USA Department of Atmo wheric and Oceanic Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec QC H3A OG4 Canada

aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions represent one of the largest uncertainties in the current climate assessment. Much of the complexity arises from the non-monotonic responses of clouds, precipitation and radiative fluxes to aerosol perturbations under various meteorological conditions. In this study, an aerosol-aware WRF model is used to investigate the microphysical and radiative effects of aerosols in three weather systems during the March 2000 cloud Intensive Observational Period campaign at the US Southern Great Plains. Three simulated cloud ensembles include a low-pressure deep convective cloud system, a collection of less-precipitating stratus and shallow cumulus, and a cold frontal passage. The WRF simulations are evaluated by several ground-based measurements. The microphysical properties of cloud hydrometeors, such as their mass and number concentrations, generally show monotonic trends as a function of cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. aerosol radiative effects do not influence the trends of cloud microphysics, except for the stratus and shallow cumulus cases where aerosol semi-direct effects are identified. The precipitation changes by aerosols vary with the cloud types and their evolving stages, with a prominent aerosol invigoration effect and associated enhanced precipitation from the convective sources. The simulated aerosol direct effect suppresses precipitation in all three cases but does not overturn the aerosol indirect effect. cloud fraction exhibits much smaller sensitivity （typically less than 2%） to aerosol perturbations, and the responses vary with aerosol concentrations and cloud regimes. The surface shortwave radiation shows a monotonic decrease by increasing aerosols, while the magnitude of the decrease depends on the cloud type.

关键词： aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions cloud-resolving model cloud microphysics and macrophysics precipita-tion

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