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Chemical characteristics of haze particles in Xi＇an during Chinese Spring Festival： Impact of fireworks burning

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 179-187页

作者： Can Wu Gehui Wang Jiayuan Wang Jianjun Li Yanqin Ren Lu Zhang Cong Cao Jin Li Shuagshuang Ge Yuning Xie Xinpei Wang Guoyan Xue State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi' an 710061 China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 210062 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijin9 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Fireworks burning releases massive fine particles and gaseous pollutants, significantly deteriorating air quality during Chinese Lunar New Year （LNY） period. To investigate the impact of the fireworks burning on the atmospheric aerosol chemistry, 1-hr time resolution of PM2.5 samples in Xi＇an during the winter of 2016 including the LNY were collected and detected for inorganic ions, acidity and liquid water content （LWC） of the fine aerosols. PM2.5 during the LNY was 167 ± 87 μg/m^3, two times higher than the China National Ambient Air Quality Standard （75 μg/m^3）. K^＋（28 wt.% of the total ion mass） was the most abundant ion in the LNY period, followed by SO^2-4 （25 wt.%） and C1^- （18 wt.%）. In contrast, NO^-3 （34 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the haze periods （hourly PM2.5 〉 75 μg/m^3）, followed by SO^2-4 （29.2 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （16.3 wt.%）, while SC94 （35 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the clean periods （hourly PM2.5 〈 75 μg/m^3）, followed by NO^-3 （23.1 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （11 wt.%）. Being different from the acidic nature in the non-LNY periods, aerosol in the LNY period presented an alkaline nature with a pH value of 7.8 ± 1.3. LWC during the LNY period showed a robust linear correlation with K2SO4 and KC1, suggesting that aerosol hygroscopicity was dominated by inorganic salts derived from fireworks burning. Analysis of correlations between the ratios of NO^-3/SO^2-4 and NH^＋4/SO^2-4 indicated that heterogeneous reaction of HNO3 with NH3 was an important formation pathway of particulate nitrate and ammonium during the LNY period.

关键词： Inorganic ions aerosol acidity Liquid water content Composition and source Nitrate formation

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acidity of aerosols during Winter Heavy Haze Events in Beijing and Gucheng, China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第1期32卷 14-25页

作者： Xiyuan CHI Pengzhen HE Zhuang JIANG Xiawei YU Fange YUE Longquan WANG Bokun LI Hui KANG Cheng LIU Zhouqing XIE Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences

We investigated the acidity and concentrations of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 aerosol samples collected from an urban site in Beijing and a rural site in Gucheng, Hebei Province from November 2016 to January 2017 to gain an insight into the formation of secondary inorganic species. The average SO4^2–, NO3^–, and NH4^＋ concentrations were 8.3,12.5, and 14.1 μg m^–3, respectively, at the urban site and 14.0, 14.2, and 24.2 μg m^（–3）, respectively, at the rural *** nitrogen and sulfur oxidation ratios in urban Beijing were correlated with relative humidity（with correlation coefficient r = 0.79 and 0.67, respectively） and the aerosol loadings. Based on a parameterization model, we found that the rate constant of the heterogeneous reactions for SO2 on polluted days was about 10 times higher than that on clear days, suggesting that the heterogeneous reactions in the aerosol water played an essential role in haze *** ISORROPIA II model was used to predict the aerosol pH, which had a mean（range） of 5.0（4.9–5.2） and 5.3（4.6–6.3） at the urban and rural site, respectively. Under the conditions with this predicted pH value, oxidation by dissolved NO2 and the hydrolysis of N2O5 may be the major heterogeneous reactions forming SO4^2– and NO3^– in *** also analyzed the sensitivity of the aerosol p H to changes in the concentrations of SO4^2–, NO3^–, and NH4^＋ under haze conditions. The aerosol p H was more sensitive to the SO4^2– and NH4^＋ concentrations with opposing trends, than to the NO3^– concentrations. The sensitivity of the p H was relatively weak overall, which was attributed to the buffering effect of NH3 partitioning.

关键词： sulfate nitrate ammonium aerosol acidity haze

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Composition and size distribution of wintertime inorganic aerosols at ground and alpine regions of northwest China

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第11期35卷 238-242页

作者： Haijiao Liu Qiao Feng Yu Huang Feng Wu Yali Liu Minxia Shen Xiao Guo Wenting Dai Weining Qi Yifan Zhang Lu Li Qiyuan Wang Bianhong Zhou Jianjun Li State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China College of Geography and Environment Baoji University of Arts and SciencesShaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism SimulationBaoji 721013China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain ShaanxiXi'an 710061China

Water-soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs)play a pivotal role in atmospheric chemical reactions,particularly influencing the formation of secondary particulate matter.A comprehensive grasp of the vertical distribution of atmospheric pollutants holds immense significance in understanding the diffusion and transportation of these *** study investigates the WSIIs of PM_(2.5)and size-segregated particles at the top(~2060 m a.s.l.)and foot of *** during the winter of *** the measured ions present significant higher concentrations(1.9~6.9 times)at the foot than the ***^(-)and K^(+)at the foot are more than 4 times of those at the top,whereas Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)are only 1.3-1.9 times *** particle size distribution of NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),K^(+)and Cl^(-)demonstrate a single peak distribution(0.7-1.1μm)at the foot,but with a bimodal distribution(0.7-1.1μm and 4.7-5.8μm)at the *** differences suggest that the aerosol at the alpine region is mainly transported via long-distance from Northwest/North China,but limited influenced by vertical transport through valley *** changes of concentration and size distribution of WSIIs in dust event and non-dust period indicate that the effects of dust event on aerosols at ground surface were weaker than that of the free troposphere of Guanzhong ***,our study underscores the dominant influence of NO_(3)^(-)in shaping the gas-particle distribution of ammonia within the winter free *** results highlight the significant role of long-range transport on aerosols in the free troposphere in Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China.

关键词： Water-soluble inorganic ions Size distribution aerosol acidity Ammonia Free troposphere

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Source and Formation Characteristics of Water-soluble Organic Carbon in The Anthropogenic-influenced Yellow River Delta, North China

Source and Formation Characteristics of Water-soluble Organi...

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第十八届中国科协年会——分12 大气雾霾及PM2.5控制先进技术研讨会

作者： Zheng ZONG Xiaoping WANG Chongguo TIAN Yingjun CHEN Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cities' Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai (CMA) College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University

High intensity measurements of water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC) in PM were conducted at Yellow River Delta(YRD), North China, from 29 May to 1 July, 2013. On average, concentration of WSOC was 3.09 μg/m with a relative high WSOC/OC mass ratio(56.39%), implying organic aerosol in YRD was aged. WSOC concentration in day time was obviously higher than night time, which was mainly attributed to the decrease of source emission. While second formation of WSOC was strengthen in night time under stable atmospheric condition. The significant relationship between WSOC and SOC indicated WSOC was mostly secondary formation product. Furthermore, WSOC formation was enhanced at high level of acidity, providing direct evidence for the great impact of aerosol acidity on WSOC formation. WSOC correlated well with nss-K, nss-SO, NO, Zn and Cu, suggesting a major part of observed WSOC and/or its precursors was of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion origin. Moreover, vehicle emission made great proportion in the fossil fuel combustion. Conditional probability function(CPF) analysis showed significant contribution of WSOC occurred when wind came from southerly(135-195°) and northwesterly(285, 345°) directions. In order to further confirm the source of WSOC, two merged samples representing the two directions were selected for radiocarbon analysis. Radiocarbon measurements demonstrated the average value of ?(WSOC) was 0.57, implying biogenic and biomass burning(B&B) was the major source of WSOC. However, fossil fuel contribution, mainly vehicle emission, could not be ignored in North China in summer. 14

关键词： WSOC aerosol acidity source apportionment 14C measurement

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