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aeolian activity in the southern Gurbantunggut Desert of China during the last 900 years

Journal of Arid Land 2023年第6期15卷 649-666页

作者： LI Wen MU Guijin YE Changsheng XU Lishuai LI Gen Key Laboratory for Digital Land and Resources of Jiangxi Province East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Earth Sciences East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Resources and Environment Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801China

The mineral dust emitted from Central Asia has a significant influence on the global climate system.However,the history and mechanisms of aeolian activity in Central Asia remain unclear,due to the lack of well-dated records of aeolian activity and the intense wind erosion in some of the dust source areas(e.g.,deserts).Here,we present the records of aeolian activity from a sedimentary sequence in the southern Gurbantunggut Desert of China using grain size analysis and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating,based on field sampling in 2019.Specifically,we used eight OSL dates to construct chronological frameworks and applied the end-member(EM)analysis for the grain size data to extract the information of aeolian activity in the southern Gurbantunggut Desert during the last 900 a.The results show that the grain size dataset can be subdivided into three EMs(EM1,EM2,and EM3).The primary modal sizes of these EMs(EM1,EM2,and EM3)are 126.00,178.00,and 283.00μm,respectively.EM1 represents a mixture of the suspension components and saltation dust,while EM2 and EM3 show saltation dust transported over a shorter distance via strengthened near-surface winds,which can be used to trace aeolian activity.Combined with the OSL chronology,our results demonstrate that during the last 900 a,more intensive and frequent aeolian activity occurred during 450-100 a BP(Before Present)(i.e.,the Little Ice Age(LIA)),which was reflected by a higher proportion of the coarse-grained components(EM2+EM3).aeolian activity decreased during 900-450 a BP(i.e.,the Medieval Warm Period(MWP))and 100 a BP-present(i.e.,the Current Warm Period(CWP)).Intensified aeolian activity was associated with the strengthening of the Siberian High and cooling events at high northern latitudes.We propose that the Siberian High,under the influence of temperature changes at high northern latitudes,controlled the frequency and intensity of aeolian activity in Central Asia.Cooling at high northern latitudes would have significantly enhanced the Siberian High,causing i

关键词： aeolian activity grain size wind regime Little Ice Age Siberian High climatic drying Central Asia

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Late Pleistocene aeolian activity in Haitan Island, Southeast China: Insights from optically stimulated luminescence dating of coastal dunes on marine terraces

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1777-1788页

作者： JIN Jian-hui LI Zhi-zhong CHENG Yan XU Xiao-lin LI Zhi-xing LIU Xiao-ju Institute of Geography Fujian Normal University Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University College of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University

The 'Old Red Sand' is a type of semicemented medium-fine sandy sediment that is red(10R_4/8) or brown red(2.5YR_4/8) in colour and is found in late Quaternary deposits. The sediments have distinctive characteristics and are a critical archive for understanding climatic changes in the coastal areas of East Asia. The ages of the late Quaternary aeolian sand dunes from Haitan Island in the coastal area of South China are still in debate. In this study, three sets of marine terraces were identified in the northern region of Haitan Island. aeolian dune sands are well preserved on the top of these terraces. Quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence dating and the distribution of the formation ages demonstrated that the palaeo-dunes are deposits from the middle-late period of the Late Pleistocene(Q_3^(2-3)). The period may be divided into three stages, 100-90 ka, 70-60 ka, and 40-20 ka, in which the palaeo-dunes of the first two stages are more widespread and were formed separately during a low-sea level period of the Marine Isotope Stages 5 b and 4. Several depositional palaeo-flood event records were preserved during the last stage due to the increasing gradient of mountain gullies formed during the Last Glacial Maximum.

关键词： aeolian activity Sediment dating Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) Late Pleistocene Environmental evolution Haitan Island

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Wind regime features and their impacts on the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River on the Tibetan Plateau, China

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干旱区科学:英文版 2023年第10期15卷 1174-1195页

作者： ZHANG Yan ZHANG Zhengcai MA Pengfei PAN Kaijia ZHA Duo CHEN Dingmei SHEN Caisheng LIANG Aimin Institute of Atmosphere Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119China Tibet Climate Center Lhasa 850000China Shannan Meteorological Bureau Shannan 856000China Policy Research Office of Party Committee of Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000China

The wide valley of the Yarlung Zangbo River is one of the most intense areas in terms of aeolian activity on the Tibetan Plateau,China.In the past,the evaluation of the intensity of aeolian activity in the Quxu–Sangri section of the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley was mainly based on data from the old meteorological stations,especially in non-sandy areas.In 2020,six new meteorological stations,which are closest to the new meteorological stations,were built in the wind erosion source regions(i.e.,sandy areas)in the Quxu–Sangri section.In this study,based on mathematical statistics and empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition analysis,we compared the difference of the wind regime between new meteorological stations and old meteorological stations from December 2020 to November 2021,and discussed the reasons for the discrepancy.The results showed that sandy and non-sandy areas differed significantly regarding the mean velocity(8.3(±0.3)versus 7.7(±0.3)m/s,respectively),frequency(12.9%(±6.2%)versus 2.9%(±1.9%),respectively),and dominant direction(nearly east or west versus nearly north or south,respectively)of sand-driving winds,drift potential(168.1(±77.3)versus 24.0(±17.9)VU(where VU is the vector unit),respectively),resultant drift potential(92.3(±78.5)versus 8.7(±9.2)VU,respectively),and resultant drift direction(nearly westward or eastward versus nearly southward or northward,respectively).This indicated an obvious spatial variation in the wind regime between sandy and non-sandy areas and suggested that there exist problems when using wind velocity data from non-sandy areas to evaluate the wind regime in sandy areas.The wind regime between sandy and non-sandy areas differed due to the differences in topography,heat flows,and their coupling with underlying surface,thereby affecting the local atmospheric circulation.Affected by large-scale circulations(westerly jet and Indian monsoon systems),both sandy and non-sandy areas showed similar seasonal variations in their respective wind regime.These findings provide

关键词： wind regime aeolian activity sand-driving winds drift potential atmospheric circulation Yarlung Zangbo River Tibetan Plateau

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华南地区海岛型史前沙丘遗址的时空分布与全新世海平面和风沙活动

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第6期32卷 1157-1176页

作者：靳建辉凌智永李志忠左昕昕范雪春黄运明王晓阳危长福任永青邱俊杰 Key Laboratory of Subtropical Resources and Environment of Fujian Province Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Center for Southeast Environmental Archaeology of China Fujian Normal UniversityPingtan 350400FujianChina Qinghai Institute of Salt Lake CASXining 810008China International Institute of Austronesian of Pingtan Pingtan 350400FujianChina Fujian Provincial Institute of Archaeology Fuzhou 350001China College of Humanities Minjiang UniversityMinhou 350108FujianChina

The lower reaches of the Minjiang River and its adjacent areas were among the most active prehistoric archaeological areas in Fujian Province.The accumulation types of Neolithic archaeological strata are roughly divided into dune sites and dune/shell mound sites.The sites can also be roughly divided into estuarine,coastal,and sea-island sites based on their geomorphic features.The cultural development of these prehistoric sites is of great significance for understanding the migration and spread of Austronesian civilization.Based on luminescence dating of typical Neolithic sites on Haitan Island,their quartz-OSL(optically stimulated luminecesence)burial ages were determined.Synthesizing previously published results,the temporospatial distribution characteristics of the sea-island sites on Haitan Island are discussed,and the relationship between Neolithic human activities and regional geomorphic processes is analyzed.The results show that:(1)the spatial and temporal distribution of the Haitan Island Neolithic sites are closely related to small-scale geomorphic features and are controlled by mesoscale geomorphic processes.The sites were mainly distributed in the foothills of two high hills along an NNE-SSW trend.With an increase in altitude,the features were distributed as“single site(I)–superimposed site–single site(II)”and appear successively.Single type sites(I)mainly appeared at low sea level,whereas single type sites(II)mainly appeared at high sea level.Superimposed sites were not subject to sea level changes.The relative elevation of the superimposed sites in the study area indicates the optimal residential area for human activities in the region.The single site with an elevation lower than the optimal residential area was mainly restricted by the lowest residential area,whereas the single site at a higher elevation than the optimal residential area was mainly affected by livelihood patterns.(2)High sea level caused by the“backwater effect”in low latitude areas in the southern hemisphere,and coastal aeolian sa

关键词： Neolithic period dune/shell mound site optically stimulated luminescence Holocene sea level change aeolian activity

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Effects of aeolian processes on nutrient loss from surface soils and their significance for sandy desertification in Mu Us Desert, China: a wind tunnel approach

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第4期7卷 421-428页

作者： LANG Lili WANG Xunming WANG Guangtao HUA Ting WANG Hongtao Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Mu Us Desert, a region with high aeolian activity, is at extremely high risk of sandy desertification. Using surface soil samples collected from Mu Us Desert of northern China, we evaluated the effects of aeolian processes on nutrient loss from surface soils by employing wind tunnel experiments. The experiments were conducted using free-stream wind velocities of 14, 16, 18 and 22 m/s. Our results showed that the fine particles （〈50 pm in diameter; 12.28% of all transported materials） carrying large nutrient Ioadings were exported outside the study area by ae- olian processes. After the erodible fine particles were transported away from the soil surfaces at low wind velocity （i.e. 14 m/s）, the following relatively high wind velocity （i.e. 22 m/s） did not have any significant effect on nutrient export, because the coefficients of variation for soil organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and available potassium were usually 〈5%. Our experimental results confirmed that aeolian processes result in a large amount of nutrient export, and consequently increase the risk of sandy desertification in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.

关键词： sandy desertification aeolian activity soil nutrients Mu Us Desert

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Optically stimulated luminescence dating of sandy deposits from Gulang county at the southern margin of the Tengger Desert, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： PENG Jun DONG Zhibao HAN Fengqing Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences

aeolian deposits from the deserts in northern China have been used for palaeoenvironmental research to understand aeolian sedimentology and its dynamic connection to past climate conditions. The Tengger Desert in China is sensitive to the waxing and waning of the monsoonal system. In response to past climate change, the southern margin of the Tengger Desert has evolved significantly since the last glacial period. However, previous attempts to date aeolian deposits in this region were mainly based on radiocarbon dating, which has problems when applied to aeolian deposits. Moreover, sedimentary records are limited. Accordingly, past aeolian activity in this desert remains poorly understood. In the present study, we dated sand samples from Gulang county at the southern margin of the Tengger Desert using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to understand the history of aeolian activity in this region. Our samples represented well-sorted aeolian sands and sandy loess. aeolian sands are evidence of dune field buildup and sparse vegetation cover whereas sandy loess is evidence of improved stabilization of sand dunes resulting from ameliorated vegetation cover. Certain samples showed a decline in the equivalent dose (D e ) values when successive integration intervals were applied, which resulted from unstable OSL signals from non-fast components in the initial part of the decay curve. In order to obtain reliable D e estimates, we investigated component-resolved and different background subtraction approaches, and compared the resultant D e estimates. We adopted the early background subtraction method to derive D e values. Luminescence chronologies and sedimentary records indicated that sand dunes accumulation occurred before 10 ka, and sandy loess developed between 9.5 and 7.6 ka when sand dunes were stabilized as a result of increased effective moisture levels. The transition between sand dune mobilization and stabilization emphasizes the significance of an effective

关键词： OSL dating sandy deposit integration interval selection aeolian activity Tengger Desert

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Near-surface wind environment in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin,southern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第6期12卷 917-936页

作者： YANG Junhuai XIA Dunsheng WANG Shuyuan TIAN Weidong MA Xingyue CHEN Zixuan GAO Fuyuan LING Zhiyong DONG Zhibao Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Geography and Environmental Engineering Lanzhou City UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of Salt LakesChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China

aeolian processes have been studied extensively at low elevations,but have been relatively little studied at high elevations.aeolian sediments are widely distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin,southern Tibetan Plateau,which is characterized by low pressure and low temperature.Here,we comprehensively analyzed the wind regime using data since 1980 from 11 meteorological stations in the study area,and examined the interaction between the near-surface wind and aeolian environment.The wind environment exhibited significant spatial and temporal variation,and mean wind speed has generally decreased on both annual and seasonal bases since 1980,at an average of 0.181 m/(s•10a).This decrease resulted from the reduced contribution of maximum wind speed,and depended strongly on variations of the frequency of sand-driving winds.The drift potential and related parameters also showed obvious spatial and temporal variation,with similar driving forces for the wind environment.The strength of the wind regime affected the formation and development of the aeolian geomorphological pattern,but with variation caused by local topography and sediment sources.The drift potential and resultant drift direction were two key parameters,as they quantify the dynamic conditions and depositional orientation of the aeolian sediments.Wind affected the spatial variation in sediment grain size,but the source material and complex topographic effects on the near-surface wind were the underlying causes for the grain size distribution of aeolian sands.These results will support efforts to control aeolian desertification in the basin and improve our understanding of aeolian processes in high-elevation environments.

关键词： wind regime sand dune aeolian activity Yarlung Zangbo River Tibetan Plateau

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雅鲁藏布江中游全新世风成活动历史及其与印度季风变化的关系

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第12期30卷 2002-2014页

作者：李拓宇张继峰伍永秋杜世松莫多闻廖奕楠陈智童刘建宝李庆 Capital Normal University Beijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology(LAE) Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China MOE Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Ministry of EducationCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Geographical Sciences Hebei Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information ApplicationHebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050011China

Widespread aeolian deposits on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)have provided valuable palaeoclimatic information.However,the primary factors(e.g.,climate factors,human activity,and vegetation cover)controlling aeolian deposition remain elusive.In this paper,we use a dataset that comprises new and published ages of Holocene aeolian sand and loess in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River to identify the primary controlling factors and palaeoclimatic implications of aeolian deposition.Several intervals of enhanced aeolian accumulation centered at 8.5-7.8,6.4-5.8,4.5-4.0,3.1-1.8,and 0.9 ka are identified,generally consistent with regional low rainfall events and weak Indian summer monsoon(ISM).This suggests that regional wetness,dominated by the ISM,may play a key role in modulating dust emissions and aeolian deposition on centennial timescales.Our results show that on centennial-to millennial-scales,ISM activity can be reconstructed by non-continuous aeolian deposits in the monsoon dominated TP.

关键词： Holocene aeolian activity dust Indian summer monsoon Tibetan Plateau

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