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A systematic review of climate change impacts,adaptation strategies,and policy development in West Africa

Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 13-25页

作者： Camillus Abawiera WONGNAA Alex Amoah SEYRAM Suresh BABU Department of Agricultural Economics Agribusiness and ExtensionKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi00233Ghana International Food Policy Research Institute Washington20005USA

Climate change studies are diverse with no single study giving a comprehensive review of climate change impacts,adaptation strategies,and policy development in West *** unavailability of an all-inclusive study to serve as a guide for practitioners affects the effectiveness of climate change adaptation strategies proposed and adopted in the West African *** purpose of this study was to review the impacts of climate change risks on the crop,fishery,and livestock sectors,as well as the climate change adaptation strategies and climate-related policies aimed at helping to build resilient agricultural production systems in West *** review process followed a series of rigorous stages until the final selection of 56 articles published from 2009 to ***,the results highlighted the adverse effects of climate change risks on food *** found a continuous decline in food crop ***,the livestock sector experienced morbidity and mortality,as well as reduction in meat and milk *** fishery sector recorded loss of fingerlings,reduction in fish stocks,and destruction of mariculture and *** West Africa,climate-smart agriculture technologies,physical protection of fishing,and inclusion of gender perspectives in programs appear to be the major adaptation *** study therefore recommends the inclusion of ecosystem and biodiversity restoration,weather insurance,replacement of unsafe vessels,and strengthening gender equality in all climate change mitigation programs,as these will help to secure enough food for present and future generations.

关键词： Climate change Climate extreme events Food security adaptation strategies Climate-smart agriculture West Africa

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Farmers’ Knowledge and Perceptions of the Effects of Climate Variability and Pollution on Crop Production and Their Varying adaptation strategies in The Gambia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 543-566页

作者： Pierre Anthony Mendy Mawa Kone Ado Baba Ahmed Sidat Yaffa Alpha Kargbo Afua Amponsah Amankwah Kossi-Messan Jacques Agboka Blessing Chinomso Okorie Assan Sowe Echene Jatta Department of Physical and Natural Sciences School of Arts & Sciences University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Department of Biosciences Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia School of Education University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia Department of Sociology and Social Work College of Humanities and Social Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Crop and livestock production is critical to food security in The Gambia. Over the years, the country has experienced a reduced yield due to perceived climate change events with limited studies on how climate change and pollution affect crop production. This study assesses farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of the effects of climate variability and pollution on crop production and their varying adaptation strategies in The Gambia. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this study. The sample size for quantitative data collection was calculated as 432 while the qualitative data involves both the focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The focus group discussions comprised two districts in each of the six agricultural regions and two farming communities engaged in crop production were chosen from each district. Furthermore, eight key informant interviews from relevant institutions were conducted. The study shows that The Gambia is highly vulnerable to extreme climatic events. Although most farmers opined that agricultural land contamination emanates from farm runoff and indiscriminate waste dumping, they had little knowledge of heavy metal pollution and bioremediation. The results showed that farmers experienced constraints such as inadequate access to credit, water, and irrigation facilities, insufficient access to efficient inputs, salt intrusion, etc. which threatened food security. The study concludes that crop farmers acknowledged the existence and impacts of climate change, and therefore recommend the availability and affordability of climate change resilient crops and promote variability awareness campaigns to address climate change impacts in The Gambia.

关键词： Climate Change Extreme Weather Vulnerability Risks Hazards adaptation strategies

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Changing water regime and adaptation strategies in Upper Mustang Valley of Upper Kaligandaki Basin in Nepal

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第1期5卷 133-139页

作者： Prem Sagar Chapagain Jagat K. Bhusal Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Chairperson The Society of Hydrologists and Meteorologists Nepal Kathmandu Nepal

Recent climate change has brought changes to the water regime that has affected the traditional agro-pastoral production systems and livelihoods in the Upper Kaligandaki Basin of the Nepal Himalayas. Based on fieldwork and available meteorological and hydrological data, this paper examines the changing water regime and various adaptation strategies that local farmers have adopt- ed in this cold alid region. Increasing temperature and decreasing min｜hll and snowfall have resulted in a negative water balance. In this scenario, lhmlers have implemented six major adaptive strategies in the trans-Himalayan Upper Mustang Valley.

关键词： Upper Kaligandaki Fanning: livelihoods climate change water balance adaptation strategies

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adaptation strategies to Mitigate Impact of Climate Change on Food Crops Farming in Oyo State,Nigeria

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2020年第2期2卷 8-14页

作者： Adebisi G.L. Owolade E.O. Alonge G.O Olatoye C.O Department of Agricultural Extension and Management Federal College of Animal Health and ProductionTechnologyOyo State

The research investigated the adaptation strategies to mitigate consequence of climate change on food crops farming in Oyo State.120 respondents were selected for this study using multi-stage sampling *** data was collected through interview schedule and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential *** results indicated that 84.2% of the respondents were male,93.3% of them were married and maize(45.8%),cassava(37.5%)are the mainly crops *** also revealed that 70.0% of the respondents have knowledge of climate change with majority(84.17%)of them regularly accessed information on climate change through radio and 88.3%of them claimed to adopt planting crops favorable for the present weather condition as an adaptation techniques to mitigate the consequences of climate change more ***-square and Correlation results revealed a significant relationship existed between farmers educational levels(X2=4.861;p=0.003);household size(r=-0.089;p=0.002);knowledge(r=-0.157;p=0.002),and adaptation strategies to reduce the consequences of climate change on the food crops *** was recommended that food crop farmers should be provided with better education and sensitized in order for them to be acquainted with adaptation techniques and coping mechanisms that are currently been offered by research.

关键词： adaptation strategies Climate change effects Food crop farmers

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Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Change of Grain Production of China in Recent Years and Its adaptation strategies

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第9期11卷 164-167页

作者：周巧富吴绍洪戴尔阜潘韬陈曦炜中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 农业部规划设计研究院北京100125

A comprehensive analysis on the change of the total grain production and the temporal and spatial change of three main crops production（including wheat,maize and rice）,as well as the transfer trace of the center gravity of grain production in China were analyzed to reveal the overall developing trend of the grain production,explore the reasons and finally propose the corresponding suggestions and strategies to cope with the situation.

关键词： Grain production Temporal and spatial change adaptation strategies

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Climate Change Perceptions , Impacts and adaptation strategies of F arm Households in Potohar Region of Punjab, Pakistan

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 136-151页

作者： Sohaib Aqib Syed Mohsin Ali Kazmi Muhammad Amjad Ahmed Ali Soomro Ghulam Farooque Khoso Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Administrative ScienceNear East UniversityNicosia 99138North Cyprus Data Scientist Knowledge CorporationBusiness Center No 310Al Hilal Bank Buildingm AI Tawar AreaAl Qusais 2DubaiUAE Senior Scientific Officer-Global Climate-Change Impact Studies Centre Ministry of Climate ChangeIslamabad 44000Pakistan Depa rtment of Business Administration University of SindhJamshoroSindh 76060Pakistan Department of English Literature and Linguistics University of SindhJamshoroSindh 76060Pakistan

Climate change has become a global phenomenon and is adversely affecting agricultural development across the *** countries like Pakistan where 18.9%of the GDP(gross domestic product)came from the agriculture sector and also 42%of the labor force involved in *** are directly and indirectly affected by climate change due to an increase in the frequency and intensity of climatic extreme events such as floods,droughts and extreme weather *** this paper,we have focused on the impact of climate change on farm households and their adaptation strategies to cope up the climatic *** this purpose,we have selected farm households by using multistage stratified random sampling from four districts of the Potohar region ***,Rawalpindi,Jhelum and *** districts were selected by dividing the Potohar region into rain-fed *** have employed logistic regression to assess the determinants of adaptation to climate change and its *** have also calculated the marginal effect of each independent variable of the logistic regression to measure the immediate rate of change in the *** order to check the significance of our suggested model,we have used hypothesis testing.

关键词： Climate change multistage stratified random sampling impacts adaptation strategies logistic regression marginal effect Hypothesis testing

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Farmers' perceptions of and adaptations to drought in Herat Province, Afghanistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1741-1756页

作者： Mohammad Wasim IQBAL Somchai DONJADEE Bancha KWANYUEN LIU Shi-yin Irrigation Technology Research Laboratory Department of Irrigation Engineering Faculty of Engineering at Kamphaeng Saen Kasetsart University Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan University

Drought is a significant natural hazard in Herat Province, Afghanistan. The objective of this study was to explore farmers' perceptions of the drought's prevalence and characteristics, its socioeconomic and environmental impacts, their strategies for coping with and mitigating it, and types of conflicts and resolution mechanisms. A questionnaire was completed by 147 farming households. The results indicate that farmers' perceptions regarding drought are in line with the results obtained using the precipitation data. Even though the respondents have religious belief in interpreting the weather related issues, they also perceived drought as the climatic and environmental factors such as increased temperature, decreased precipitation, and other factors like war, financial weakness, deforestation, over-exploitation of groundwater, lack of electricity supply etc. The results show that drought has had serious economic impacts, including loss of employment and reduction in crop yield and livestock production, which have reduced farmers' livelihood options and weakened their financial situation. Social impacts have included migration, a sense of hopelessness and loss, conflicts over water, health problems, impacts on the schooling of children, malnutrition, and limits to food options. Significant environmental impacts such as an increase in temperature, pasture and forest degradation, deterioration of water quality, damage to fish and wildlife habitats, and groundwater depletion were also reported. Farmers used local techniques to adapt to drought and lessen its effects. Farmers perceived irrigation water to be a major source of conflict. Local elders, water-user associations, and formal courts were reported to be the most successful conflict resolution methods. It is expected that the results of this study will support policy makers within government and development agencies in Afghanistan to develop future drought adaptation policies.

关键词： adaptation strategies Perception Agriculture Drought impacts Water conflict

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How Himalayan communities are changing cultivation practices in the context of climate change

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 378-389页

作者： Ashma SUBEDI Nani RAUT Smriti GURUNG Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre45200Nepal

Climate change can have significant impacts on crop yields and food *** study assessed the linkages between climate change and crop yields to obtain a better understanding on the drivers of food *** study was conducted in Pasagaun village of Lamjung District in Nepal,where household surveys and focus group discussions(FGDs)were used to collect data including crop cultivation,irrigation facilities,and adaptation ***,climate data(temperature and precipitation)from 1992 to 2020 were collected from the Khudi Bazar meteorological station and crop yield data were obtained from the Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics *** analysis of temperature and precipitation was conducted using MannKendall trend test and Sen’s slope method,and the results showed an increase in the average temperature of approximately 0.02℃/a and a decrease in the annual precipitation of 9.84 mm/*** cultivation of traditional varieties of rice and foxtail millet(Kaguno)has ***,there was no significant impact of the maximum temperature on the yield of rice and maize,the regression analysis revealed that there are negative relationships between rice yield and annual minimum temperature(r=-0.44),between millet yield and annual precipitation(r=-0.30),and between maize yield and annual minimum temperature(r=-0.31),as well as positive relationship between rice yield and annual precipitation(r=0.16).Moreover,average rice yield and millet yield have decreased by 27.0% and 57.0% in 2000-2020,*** other reasons for the decrease in crop yield such as the lack of irrigation facilities,out-migration of farmer,and increased pest infestation,respondents have adopted adaptation strategies(for example,shifts in cultivation time and changes in crop types)to minimize the impacts of climate *** investigation and community-based farming education are needed to understand and alleviate the harmful impacts of climate change on crop yield,

关键词： Climate change Crop yield adaptation strategies Farming practices Food security Nepal

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The Potential of Hydro-Climate Forecast strategies in Sustaining Agricultural Productivity amongst Rainfed Farmers in West Africa: A Review

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 265-283页

作者： Richard Kwame Dogbey Gordana Kranjac-Berisavljevic Bizoola Zinzoola Gandaa Department of Agricultural Mechanisation and Irrigation Technology Faculty of Agriculture Food and Consumer Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

Several studies have reported a significant yearly decrease in forest cover globally, using satellite images. This is especially true in West Africa, where rapid urbanisation acerbates the problem, and both of these changes lead to alterations in rainfall regime and other changes in climatic parameters. Several studies reveal that adaptation which reduces vulnerability to adverse climatic variation effects is the key to developing resilience against climate change. In this region, over 90% of farmers are engaged in small-scale rainfed crop cultivation and rely on their own weather perception, instincts and what they observe from the surrounding biota (flora and fauna) to forecast the weather and plan their agricultural activities. The pressing nature of the problem of climate variability in Africa had provoked a lot of research into developing and testing several adaptation strategies to control the situation. Various strategies to improve and localize global, regional and national climate services (Local Forecast, Scientific Forecast and Integrated Forecast) needed by the farmers are being developed to build resilience against climate change. This review illustrates the situation in Ghana and identifies various forecast strategies developed to mitigate the adverse effects of climate variability on agricultural productivity. These mitigation methods include the development of climate services to provide users with forecast information in order to make climate-smart decisions to minimize the risk.

关键词： Climate Variability adaptation strategies Forecast strategies Resilience Rainfed Agriculture

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Choice of Beef Herd adaptation Strategy on Canadian Prairie Mixed Farms Under Extreme Climate Events

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Sociology Study 2016年第3期6卷 147-163页

作者： Santosh Poudel Surendra N. Kulshreshtha University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

Economic impact of climate extremes on beef operation is expected to be significant due to its direct impact on feed production. Impact of such events on farm management and longer term farm financial situation is relatively unstudied in the Canadian Prairie. This study compared three alternative beef herd management strategies in dealing with climate extreme events under reference climate scenario of 1971-2000 and the future scenario of 2041-2070. The study used farm simulation model that integrated the model of cattle herd simulation, pasture model, crop simulation model combined with models of economic decisions. Purchasing feed and maintaining herd size is preferred option in dealing with drought Changes in management such as early weaning combined with limit feeding strategies reduce the feed demand and also reduce the financial burden during the years of extreme event, but it has severe negative consequences on amount of slaughter cattle sold. Cull herd strategy not only reduces feed demand but also increases income from sell of herd during the year/s of extreme event, but it severely impacts the farm＇s long term output supply potential. However, expansion of existing agriculture risk management policy to cover climate risk in beef production is necessary to support farmers in the year/s to extreme events.

关键词： Climate extreme adaptation strategies economic impact

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