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acoustic analysis of EkeGusii Vowel System

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宏观语言学 2019年第2期7卷 92-109页

作者： Peter Nyansera Otieno Evans Gesura Mecha Kisii University Kenya

This study describes the vowel system of EkeGusii(“Bantu E.42”)(Guthrie,1948)in an acoustic phonetics perspective using oral data got from purposively sampled subjects:four adult males,four adult females and four children(two boys and two girls all 8 years old)equally from the two dialects of EkeGusii(EkeMaate and EkeRogoro Dialects).In order to capture the distribution characteristics of the vowel acoustic concentration,the group frequency means are normalized using Lobanov’s(1971)algorithm.Two viewpoints are the subjects of analysis in EkeGusii vowels:(a)acoustic vowel space as projected by the intersection of F2 vs.F1 or quadrilateral,and(b)spatial features of high,low,front and back.These qualities are mainly influenced by the physiology of speakers and social variability as occasioned by gender,age and dialect.The results indicate that children have no gender difference in formants,and have the highest frequencies for all formants,followed by adult females and then adult males.Furthermore,acoustic vowel space and spatial features are affected by gender,age,and dialect.A vowel pattern,replicated by all informants,is realized in the dispersion of the vowels within the chart influenced by gender and age.This study found out that EkeGusii seems to adopt a seven-vowel system of/i eɛaɔo u/with a length contrast.

关键词： acoustic analysis EkeGusii formant peak vowel chart vowel system

Performance analysis and material distribution optimization for sound barriers using a semianalytical meshless method

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2023年第4期3卷 331-344页

作者： Hanqing Liu Fajie Wang Chuanzeng Zhang National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina Department of Civil Engineering University of SiegenSiegenGermany

With the increase in car ownership,traffic noise pollution has increased considerably and is one of the most severe types of noise pollution that affects living standards.Noise reduction by sound barriers is a common protective measure used in this country and abroad.The acoustic performance of a sound barrier is highly dependent on its shape and material.In this paper,a semianalytical meshless Burton-Miller‐type singular boundary method is proposed to analyze the acoustic performance of various shapes of sound barriers,and the distribution of sound‐absorbing materials on the surface of sound barriers is optimized by combining a solid isotropic material with a penalization method.The acoustic effect of the sound‐absorbing material is simplified as the acoustical impedance boundary condition.The objective of optimization is to minimize the sound pressure in a given reference plane.The volume of the sound‐absorbing material is used as a constraint.The density of the nodes covered with the sound‐absorbing material is used as the design variable.The method of moving asymptotes was used to update the design variables.This model completely avoids the mesh discretization process in the finite element method and requires only boundary nodes.In addition,the approach also does not require the singular integral calculation in the boundary element method.The method is illustrated and validated using numerical examples to demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency.

关键词： sound barrier acoustic analysis material distribution optimization semianalytical meshless method

acoustic analysis of OSAHS snore sounds of Different Snore Sources Identification

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Acoustic Analysis of OSAHS snore sounds of Different Snore S...

Profiles and predictors of onset based differences in vocal characteristics of adults with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)

中国睡眠研究会第九届学术年会

作者：罗慧娉复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院

＜正＞Objects:To identify the acoustic characters of OSAHS snore sounds from different obstructive sites.Methods:24 patients with snoring complainant were selected randomly.Snore sounds were acquired simultaneously by both M50 with sampling frequency range from 3 Hz to 50000 Hz and SONY ICD-UX533 IC recorder with sampling frequency range from 50 Hz to 20000 Hz.Snore sounds were sampled manually by Audacity V2.1.1 according to the classifications of ApneaGraph AG 200.

关键词： sleep apnea snore source identification snore sound acoustic analysis nonlinear infrasonic

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Journal of Otology 2022年第4期17卷 218-225页

作者： Prateek Lokwani Prashanth Prabhu Kavassery Venkateswaran Nisha Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and HearingManasagangothriMysuru570006India

Purpose:Onset-based differences are understudied in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder(ANSD)in dimensions such as voice,which is addressed in the study.The study aimed to profile and predict the best metrics of onset-related differences in acoustic vocal characteristics of early and late-onset ANSD patients.Methods:31 participants(15 early and 16 late-onset)aged 15e30 years diagnosed with ANSD were included in the study.The sustained phonation of vowel/i/recorded by the participants using android based smartphones of selected configuration was sent over email to the experimenter.acoustic parameters(fundamental frequency,harmonic frequencies,jitter,shimmer,harmonic-to-noise ratio,cepstral peak prominence-CPP,and pitch sigma)were analysed using Praat software.Results:Results revealed significantly increased(panalysis marked the emergence of F2,F3,and CPP as the most sensitive metrics for onset-based group differences in voice characteristics.Conclusions:The findings from the study highlight the role of acoustical voice evaluation(especially CPP,F2&F3)in verifying the onset of ANSD disorder.The insights from the onset-based differences seen in vocal characteristics can indirectly help audiologists in deciding the management options for ANSD.

关键词： Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder Voice acoustic analysis Phonation Audiologists

Influence of pontic design of anterior fixed dental prosthesis on speech: A clinical case study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11276-11284页

作者： Jia Wan He Cai Tong Wang Jun-Yu Chen Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Prosthodontics State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The pontic design of fixed dental prostheses(FDPs)is strongly associated with the phonetic function,and the phonetic function of anterior FDPs with different pontic designs remains understudied.AIM To investigate the immediate and short-term influence of pontic design of anterior FDPs on Chinese speech in a clinical case using objective acoustic analysis.METHODS Two FDPs with two types of pontic design(saddle pontic and modified ridge lap pontic)were fabricated for one patient with maxillary anterior teeth missing.The acoustic analysis of patient’s articulation was conducted immediately after wearing the FDPs and 1 wk after wearing these FDPs.RESULTS The effect of FDP on Chinese vowels(/a/,/o/,/e/,/i/,/u/,and/ü/)was insignificant,because the recovery of vowel distortion occurred within 1 wk for both FDPs.Three(/f/,/s/,and/sh/)of eight Chinese fricative consonants were found to have obvious distortions,and the/s/sound distortion last for more than 1 wk for the patient wearing FDP with modified ridge lap pontic design.CONCLUSION The influence of anterior FDP on articulation of Chinese vowels is insignificant,while the articulation of Chinese fricative consonants is more susceptible.When fabricating anterior FDPs for patients with speech related professions,saddle pontic design can be an alternative option compared with modified ridge lap pontic design.

关键词： Fixed dental prostheses acoustic analysis Phonetic function Pontic design Clinical case study

Male Advertisement Call of the Endangered Leptobrachella tengchongensis(Anura: Megophryidae) from Mount Gaoligongshan, Yunnan Province, China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第2期12卷 221-227页

作者： Ho Yuen YEUNG Xiangyuan HUANG Shenpin YANG Jianhuan YANG Kadcxfrie Conservation China Department Kcuioorie Farm and Botanic GardenLam Kam RoadTai PoN.T.Hong KongChina Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve(Tengchong Bureau) Tengchong 679100YunnanChina

We present the first description of the acoustic characters of the endangered Tengchong leaf litter toad(Leptobrachella tengchongensis), aiming to inform future ecological studies of the species and taxonomic studies in the genus Leptobrachella. A total of 1179 calls, belonging to 6 adults male individuals, were recorded using TASCAM DR-40 digital sound recorder from its type locality in May 2015 and then analyzed using Raven Pro v.1.6.1 software. The advertisement call of male L. tengchongensis consists of primary advertisement call and secondary advertisement call. The primary advertisement call is invariably composed of two notes and has a call duration of 61 ± 5 ms(23–87 ms, n = 1142). The secondary advertisement call is composed of 3–10 notes(mean 5.25 ± 1.41 notes/call, n = 37) with a call duration of 90 ± 6 ms(37–127 ms, n = 37). The mean inter-call interval is 212 ± 121 ms(88–1121 ms, n = 1092). An introductory note is absent in advertisement calls and the dominant of calls is 4.1–4.8 kHz(at 20 ℃). We discuss the interspecific and intraspecific variations on advertisement calls in L. tengchongensis and among Leptobrachella species, and provide a summary on the major acoustic characters of all Leptobrachella species occurring north of the Isthmus of Kra.

关键词： acoustic analysis amphibians bioacoustics breeding ecology Leptolalax taxonomy Tengchong

Short-term feeding behaviour sound classification method for sheep using LSTM networks

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第2期14卷 43-54页

作者： Guanghui Duan Shengfu Zhang Mingzhou Lu Cedric Okinda Mingxia Shen Tomas Norton College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China Computer College Qinghai Nationalities UniversityXining 810007China M3-BIORES-Measure Model&Manage BioresponsesKU LeuvenHeverlee/Leuven 3001Belgium

A deep learning approach using long-short term memory(LSTM)networks was implemented in this study to classify the sound of short-term feeding behaviour of sheep,including biting,chewing,bolus regurgitation,and rumination chewing.The original acoustic signal was split into sound episodes using an endpoint detection method,where the thresholds of short-term energy and average zero-crossing rate were utilized.A discrete wavelet transform(DWT),Mel-frequency cepstral,and principal-component analysis(PCA)were integrated to extract the dimensionally reduced DWT based Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients(denoted by PW_MFCC)for each sound episode.Then,LSTM networks were employed to train classifiers for sound episode category classification.The performances of the LSTM classifiers with original Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients(MFCC),DWT based MFCC(denoted by W_MFCC),and PW_MFCC as the input feature coefficients were compared.Comparison results demonstrated that the introduction of DWT improved the classifier performance effectively,and PCA reduced the computational overhead without degrading classifier performance.The overall accuracy and comprehensive F1-score of the PW_MFCC based LSTM classifier were 94.97%and 97.41%,respectively.The classifier established in this study provided a foundation for an automatic identification system for sick sheep with abnormal feeding and rumination behaviour pattern.

关键词： sheep behaviour short-term feeding behaviour acoustic analysis Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients long-short term memory networks

Phenomenon and analysis of Low Frequency Standing Wave inside Exhaust System

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Phenomenon and Analysis of Low Frequency Standing Wave insid...