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Near-fault ground motions with prominent acceleration pulses:pulse characteristics and ductility demand

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2007年第3期6卷 215-223页

作者： Mai Tong Vladimir Rzhevskyt Dai Junwu George C Lee Qi Jincheng Qi Xiaozhai MCEER State University of New York at Buffalo USA Institute of Enginering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China

Major earthquakes of last 15 years （e.g., Northridge 1994, Kobe 1995 and Chi-Chi 1999） have shown that many near-fault ground motions possess prominent acceleration pulses. Some of the prominent ground acceleration pulses are related to large ground velocity pulses, others are caused by mechanisms that are totally different from those causing the velocity pulses or fling steps. Various efforts to model acceleration pulses have been reported in the literature. In this paper, research results from a recent study of acceleration pulse prominent ground motions and an analysis of structural damage induced by acceleration pulses are summarized. The main results of the study include：（1） temporal characteristics of acceleration pulses; （2） ductility demand spectrum of simple acceleration pulses with respect to equivalent classes of dynamic systems and pulse characteristic parameters; and （3） estimation of fundamental period change under the excitation of strong acceleration pulses. By using the acceleration pulse induced linear acceleration spectrum and the ductility demand spectrum, a simple procedure has been developed to estimate the ductility demand and the fundamental period change of a reinforced concrete （RC） structure under the impact of a strong acceleration pulse.

关键词： near-fault ground motions acceleration pulse ductility demand spectrum

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Identification of acceleration pulses in near-fault ground motion using the EMD method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2005年第2期4卷 201-212页

作者：张郁山胡聿贤赵凤新梁建文杨彩红 Department of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Ph.D.student Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Professor Department of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Professor Department of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China GraduateStudent

In this paper, response spectral characteristics of one-, two-, and three-lobe sinusoidal acceleration pulses are investigated, and some of their basic properties are derived. Furthermore, the empirical mode decomposition （EMD） method is utilized as an adaptive filter to decompose the near-fault pulse-like ground motions, which were recorded during the September 20, 1999, Chi-Chi earthquake. These ground motions contain distinct velocity pulses, and were decomposed into high-frequency （HF） and low-frequency （LF） components, from which the corresponding HF acceleration pulse （if existing） and LF acceleration pulse could be easily identified and detected. Finally, the identified acceleration pulses are modeled by simplified sinusoidal approximations, whose dynamic behaviors are compared to those of the original acceleration pulses as well as to those of the original HF and LF acceleration components in the context of elastic response spectra. It was demonstrated that it is just the acceleration pulses contained in the near-fault pulse-like ground motion that fundamentally dominate the special impulsive dynamic behaviors of such motion in an engineering sense. The motion thus has a greater potential to cause severe damage than the far-field ground motions, i.e. they impose high base shear demands on engineering structures as well as placing very high deformation demands on long-period structures.

关键词： acceleration pulse velocity pulse near-fault pulse-like ground motion empirical mode decomposition(EMD) response spectrum

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