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accelerated versus standard corneal cross linking in the treatment of ectasia post refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty: a medium term randomized trial

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第11期12卷 1714-1719页

作者： Hany A.Khairy Moataz F.Elsawy Khaled Said-Ahmed Marwa A.Zaki Sameh S Mandour Department of Ophthalmology Menoufia University Hospitals

AIM: To compare the clinical outcomes of the standard corneal cross linking(CXL) and the accelerated CXL in patients with progressive corneal ectasia post refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty.METHODS: Totally 120 eyes of 83 patients scheduled to receive either standard CXL(3 m W/cm^2 for a period of 30 min) or accelerated CXL(18 m W/cm2 for a period of 5 min). The main outcomes for comparison were the change in: maximum-K reading(K-max), manifest refractive spherical equivalent(SE), central corneal thickness(CCT), and the best corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA).RESULTS: One hundred and eleven eyes completed the study. The main outcome measurement was the K-max reading. Both group showed significant improvement in the value postoperatively at 6 and 12 mo. The mean change in the standard group was 1.21±0.11 D and in the accelerated group was 0.90±0.05 D at the end of 12 mo postoperatively, with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. Similarly, CDVA improved significantly from their preoperative value in the standard group by 2.98±0.11 letters, and in the accelerated group by 2.20±0.06 letters, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Both of the SE, and CCT showed no statistically significant difference at the end of follow up period in each group.CONCLUSION: Both standard CXL and accelerated CXL are safe and effective treatment in halting ectasia after corneal refractive surgery. The accelerated CXL results are comparable to the standard CXL with short time exposure of the cornea to ultraviolet irradiation, leading to reduced operation time, reduced operative ocular discomfort, and corneal haze.

关键词： corneal cross linking accelerated refractivesurgery penetrating keratoplasty corneal ectasia

accelerated partial breast irradiation: Past, present, and future

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2016年第5期7卷 370-379页

作者： Anne W Tann Sandra S Hatch Melissa M Joyner Lee R Wiederhold Todd A Swanson Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Medical Branch

accelerated partial breast irradiation(APBI) focuses higher doses of radiation during a shorter interval to the lumpectomy cavity, in the setting of breast conserving therapy for early stage breast cancer. The utilization of APBI has increased in the past decade because of the shorter treatment schedule and a growing body of outcome data showing positive cosmetic outcomes and high local control rates in selected patients undergoing breast conserving therapy. Technological advances in various APBI modalities, including intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy, intraoperative radiation therapy, and external beam radiation therapy, have made APBI more accessible in the community. Results of early APBI trials served as the basis for the current consensus guidelines, and multiple prospective randomized clinical trials are currently ongoing. The pending long term results of these trials will help us identify optimal candidates that can benefit from ABPI. Here we provide an overview of the clinical and cosmetic outcomes of various APBI techniques and review the current guidelines for selecting suitable breast cancer patients. We also discuss the impact of APBI on the economics of cancer care and patient reported quality of life.

关键词： Breast cancer Intracavitary brachytherapy accelerated partial breast irradiation Interstitial brachytherapy

Mixed PEGylated surfactant modifying system decrease the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon of nanoemulsions in rats

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第1期12卷 28-36页

作者： Yuqing Su Wenya Tang Yanzhi Song Chunling Wang Qingjing Tian Xuling Wang Jingjing Quan Buoqun Li Shaoning Wang Yihui Deng School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical University103Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Beijing Sihuan-Pharm Company China School of Pharmaceutical Engineering Shenyang Pharmaceutical University103Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China

The accelerated blood clearance(ABC) phenomenon which is induced by repeated injection of poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)-coated colloidal carriers gives clinical challenge to the promising drug delivery system. It is necessary to decrease this unexpected immunological response.A novel 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol-5000)4-cholesteryl methyl amide(4-arm PEG5000-CHMA)has been synthesized. The structure of 4-arm PEG5000-CHMA was confirmed by IR and 1H-NMR spectrum. The pharmacokinetics of the tocopheryl nicotinate(TN)-loaded nanoemulsions modified with 4-arm PEG5000-CHMA or/and 1, 2-distearoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-n-[methoxy(poly-ethyleneglycol)-2000](mPEG2000-DSPE) have been studied. Furthermore, the ABC phenomenon has been detailed investigated in rats by TN-loaded nanoemulsions modified with 4-arm PEG5000-CHMA and mPEG2000-DSPE(CPNE). The plasma levels of TN and anti-PEG IgM antibody were determined by HPLC and ELISA, respectively.The circulation time of the CPNEs were comparable to the mPEG2000-DSPE coated nanoemulsions. Moreover, the ABC phenomenon can be decreased by CPNEs. This study designs a method to decrease the ABC phenomenon and develops a clinical promising nanoemulsion for therapeutic or imaging purpose.

关键词： accelerated blood clearance(ABC) phenomenon Repeated administration 4-arm PEG5000-CHMA Anti-PEG IgM

Priori information analysis of optocoupler accelerated degradation experiment based on failure mechanism verification test

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第2期16卷 392-400页

作者： Xuan-gong Zhang Xi-hui Mu Jing Feng Hui-zhi Li Department of Ammunition Engineering Army Engineering University Shijiazhuang CampusShijiazhuang050000China Hunan Ginkgo Data Technology Co. Ltd.Luositang RoadChangshaHunan410100China

The optocoupler is a weak link in the inertial navigation platform of a kind of guided munitions.It is necessary to use accelerated storage test to verify the storage life of long storage products.Especially for small sample products,it is very important to obtain prior information for the design and implementation of accelerated degradation test.In this paper,the optocoupler failure mechanism verification test is designed and the experimental results are analyzed and the prior information is obtained.The results show that optocouplers have two failure modes,one is sudden failure and the other is degradation failure;the maximum temperature stress of optocoupler can’t exceed 140℃;the increase of leakage current of optocoupler is caused by movable ions contaminating the LED chip.The surface leakage current is proportional to the adsorption amount.The increase of leakage current makes p-n junction tunneling effect occur which LEDs the failure of the optocoupler.The lifetime distribution model of the optocoupler is determined by the failure physics.The lifetime of the optocoupler is subject to the lognormal distribution.The degeneracy orbit of the optocoupler leakage current is described by a power law model.The estimated values of the orbital parameters are initially calculated and the parameters of its life distribution function are deduced.The above information lays a good foundation for the optimization design and data processing of the accelerated degradation experiment.

关键词： Priori information Failure mechanism Failure mechanism verification test accelerated degradation

The effect of monosialylganglioside mix modifying the PEGylated liposomal epirubicin on the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第2期12卷 134-142页

作者： Ting Zhang Songlei Zhou Le Kang Xiang Luo Yang Liu Yanzhi Song Xinrong Liu Yihui Deng College of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical University

PEGylated liposomes are potential candidates to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of encapsulated drugs, to extend their circulation half-life and facilitate their passive accumulation at tumour sites. However, PEG-modified liposomes can induce accelerated blood clearance(ABC) upon repeated administration, and the extent of ABC phenomenon on the cytotoxic drugs-containing PEGylated liposomes is related to the dose of the cytotoxic drugs.In this study, EPI served as a model cytotoxic drug, a hydrophilic surfactant molecule,monosialylganglioside(GM1) was chosen and modified on the liposomes together with PEG.It was shown that upon mixed modification, when GM1 contents reached 10% or 15% mol,the ABC phenomenon of the PEGylated liposomal EPI significantly reduced. We also found that GM1 played an important role in abrogating the ABC phenomenon in both the induction phase and the effectuation phase. The results suggested that GM1 incorporation unfortunately did not avoid occurrence of ABC phenomenon completely, but GM1 modification on PEGylated liposomes may provide a significant improvement in clinical practice of PEGylated liposomes. Further study must be necessary.

关键词： PEGylated liposomes Epirubicin Monosialylganglioside(GM1) Mixed modification accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon

Pretest analysis of shake table response of a two-span steel girder bridge incorporating accelerated bridge construction connections

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 169-184页

作者： Elmira SHOUSHTARI MSaiid SAIIDI Ahmad ITANI Mohamed AMOUSTAFA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of NevadaReno NV 89557USA

This paper presents pretest analysis of a shake table test model of a 0.35-scale,two-span,steel plate girder bridge.The objective of pretest analysis was to obtain an insight on the seismic response of the bridge model during the shake table tests.The bridge included seat type abutments,full-depth precast deck panels,and a two-column bent in which columns were pinned to the footing and integral with superstructure.Six accelerated bridge construction connections were incorporated in the bridge model.An analytical model was developed in OpenSees and was subjected to ten input bi-directional earthquake motions including near-fault and far-field records.The overall seismic response of the bridge was satisfactory for all the earthquake records at 100%,150%,and 200%design level.All connections and capacity-protected components remained elastic,and the average ductility capacity surpassed the ductility demand even at 200%design level.Using experimental fragility curves developed for RC bridge columns,it was predicted that there was a probability of 45%that columns would undergo the imminent failure in the last run and a probability of 30%for their failure.

关键词： shake table test accelerated bridge construction steel girder bridge OpenSEES UHPC simple for dead continuous for live

Cross-linking density and aging constitutive model of HTPB coating under prestrain thermal accelerated aging

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第2期16卷 439-446页

作者： Yong-qiang Du Jian Zheng Chao Xiong Shijiazhuang Campus Army Engineering UniversityShijiazhuang 050003China

In order to study the cross-linking density and aging constitutive relationship of HTPB coating during storage,the thermal accelerated aging tests at 0%,3%,6%and 9%prestrains were carried out.The crosslinking density of HTPB coating at different aging stages were tested using low-field^1 H NMR and the variation of cross-linking density was analyzed.The aging model of cross-linking density considering the chemical aging and the physical stretching factors was established.The uniaxial tensile tests were carried out on HTPB coating at different aging stages and the cross-linking density was introduced into Ogden hyperelastic constitutive model as a characterization parameter of correction coefficient.Combined with uniaxial tensile test results,a prestrain aging constitutive model of HTPB coating was established.The results show that the cross-linking density of HTPB coating increases rapidly at first and then slowly with the increase of thermal accelerated aging time without prestrain.Under prestrain conditions,the crosslinking density of HTPB coating decreases at the early stage,and increases rapidly at first and then slowly at the middle and late stages of thermal accelerated aging.The correlation coefficients of aging model of cross-linking density and aging constitutive model with test results are R>0.9500 and R>0.9900 respectively,which can be used to accurately describe the cross-linking density and aging constitutive relationship of HTPB coating under prestrain accelerated thermal aging conditions.

关键词： Prestrain thermal accelerated aging Low-field^1H NMR Cross-linking density Aging constitutive model

Guidelines for the use of accelerated pavement testing data in autonomous vehicle infrastructure research

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第3期6卷 273-281页

作者： WynAND J.vdM.Steyn James W.Maina Department of Civil Engineering University of Pretoria

There is much research conducted on the vehicle technologies required for operation of autonomous vehicles(AV) on public roads, as well as analysis of the interaction between AV and the road environment. However, limited research exists on the impact of AV on road pavement structures. The research includes issues such as the effect of more channelized traffic loading, shorter inter-vehicle following distances and potential higher traffic volumes of more uniform vehicle types and loads. This paper discusses the application of existing and generation of new, relevant accelerated pavement testing(APT) data in understanding the effects of AV on pavement infrastructure. The paper presents development of provisional guidelines for the use and application of APT data to ensure that road pavement structures cope with anticipated increase in AV use. It is concludes that the use of AV fleets on existing road pavement infrastructure may lead to different behaviors and responses than what became the norm under non-autonomous vehicle fleets;appropriate analysis of existing APT data will contribute to the improved understanding of these expected changes in behaviors and responses; appropriate planning of AV operations-focused APT is possible with existing technology to contribute to the provision of economic and durable road pavement infrastructure in future.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles accelerated pavement testing Vehicle-pavement interaction Road infrastructure

Characterization of CdZnTe crystal grown by bottom-seeded Bridgman and Bridgman accelerated crucible rotation techniques

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第S3期19卷 622-625页

作者：王涛介万奇徐亚东查钢强傅莉 State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University

The growth of CdZnTe crystals with diameter up to 60 mm using bottom-seeded Bridgman method as well as Bridgman accelerated crucible rotation technique (ACRT-B) was investigated. Both ingots exhibit high yields, where single crystal with the volume exceeding 200 cm3 is produced. The crystal properties of two ingots were compared in the aspects of yields, crystalline quality and composition uniformity. For CdZnTe ingot grown by bottom-seeded Bridgman method, the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of X-ray rocking curve was determined to be 36″, indicating a better crystalline quality than ingot grown by ACRT-B method, which gave FWHM of 56″. The composition distribution of Zn and In in CdZnTe was determined by using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. The effective segregation coefficients of Zn kZn and In kIn in the two ingots were evaluated by fitting the experimental data with the Pfann equation.

关键词： seed crystals cadmium compounds accelerated crucible rotation technique Bridgman technique