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Experimental and numerical investigation of zirconium jet performance with different liner shapes design

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第1期18卷 12-26页

作者： Tamer Elshenawy Qing-ming Li Ahmed Elbeih Technical Research Centre CairoEgypt The Uriversity of Manchester School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering ManchesterUK Military Technical College Kobry ElkobbahCairoEgypt

This paper studies the shaped charge jet performance in terms of different liner shapes including conical,bell,hemispherical and bi-conical liners.The critical angles and the relevant flow velocities for the zir-conium liner material were calculated analytically and numerically using Autodyn hydro-code.The relationship between the critical collapse angle and the flow velocity was determined for the conditions of jet formation and coherency.Penetration tests according to the standard testing procedures of APL-RP34(Section-I1)were performed to validate the numerical predictions of the jet performance of the studied liners.It was found that the four shaped charge liners all produced coherent jets with different performances.The penetration depth of the shaped charges with the bell and the bi-conical liner shapesincreased by 10.3%and 22%,respectively,while the crater diameter of shaped charge with hemispherical liner increased by 85%representing the formation of an explosively-formed-projectile(EF),when they are compared with the corresponding jet characteristics of a conical liner shaped charge.nanоci 1cu.

关键词： Shaped dharge zirconium Liner shape Penetration Concrete strength

Influencing factors and mechanism of iodine-induced stress corrosion cracking of zirconium alloy cladding:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第4期29卷 586-598页

作者： Yusha Li Changchun Ge Yanhong Liu Guangbin Li Xiaoxu Dong Zongxing Gu Yingchun Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Power Investment Corporation Science and Technology Research Institute Beijing 100029China

Failure of the zirconium alloy claddings due to iodine-induced stress corrosion cracking(I-SCC)will increase the risk of fission product leakage.The progress of I-SCC has been comprehensively investigated in a massive amount of published literature.For a comprehensive understanding of I-SCC,this review focuses on summarizing the mechanisms and influencing factors of I-SCC.Results show that micropits are formed on the surface of zirconium alloys due to the reaction between iodine and zirconium,and then small pits gradually gather to form pit clusters.Cracks are easily generated in pit clusters and propagate along the grain boundary.After reaching a particular condition,the crack will transform into transgranular direction propagation.As the crack develops,it finally becomes a ductile fracture.We also summarize various factors that may affect I-SCC.The specific cracking conditions are linked to elements,such as iodine concentration,temperature,microstructure,and alloying elements.Nonetheless,the improvement of the I-SCC resistance of zirconium alloys needs to be further explored.More attention can be paid to material properties,such as alloying elements,microstructure,and surface treatment,to improve the I-SCC resistance of zirconium alloys.

关键词： iodine-induced stress corrosion cracking zirconium fracture

Electrochemical Analysis of zirconiumin Aqueous and Organic Media

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第2期15卷 99-118页

作者： Paul Mendy Démo Koita Theodore Tzedakis Cheikhou Kane Codou Guèye Mar-Diop Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Génie Chimique Université de Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier Toulouse France

For the challenging nature of the zirconium environment analysis, this study consists to analyze the electrochemical behavior of zirconium in both aqueous and organic media. To that end first the electrolytic media was selected on the basis of the Pourbaix potential-pH diagram, which provides informations on the predominance of Zr(IV) ion and Zr in aqueous media. In aqueous media, analyzes were first carried out in acidic media then in basic media. Studies have thus revealed that the acidic environment is not favourable for the electrochemical analysis of zirconium. Voltammograms obtained in an acidic environment show no zirconium detection signal;this is due to the strong presence of H+ ions in the solution. We have also observed in acidic media the phenomenon of passivation of the electrode surface. In aqueous alkaline media (pH = 13), we have drawn in reduction several Intensity-Potential curves by fixingsome technical parameterslike scanning speed, rotation speed of the electrode. The obtained voltammograms show cathodic waves, starting from -1.5 V/DHW and attributed to the reduction of Zr (IV) to Zr (0). The last phase of this study focused on the electrochemical analysis of zirconium in an organic media. In this media, several intensity-potential curves were plotted in reduction and in cyclic voltammetry with various parameters. Through several reduction analysis, the Zr (IV) was reduced to Zr (0) to the potential of -1.5 V/DHW. The electrochemical analysis of zirconium in organic media seems globally easier to achieve thanks to its large solvent window (i.e. dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent window > 6 V).

关键词： zirconium Electrochemical Reduction Cyclic Voltammetry Voltammogram Dymethylformamide

zirconium metal organic framework for design of tetragonal rare earth-doped zirconia nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第11期37卷 1230-1236页

作者： Lam Thi Kieu Giang Lukasz Marciniak Krzysztof Kamil Zur Dinh Manh Tien Nguyen Vu Nguyen Thanh Binh Tran Kim Anh Le Quoc Minh Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietCau GiayHanoiViet Nam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietCau GiayHanoiViet Nam Institute of Low Temperature and Structural Research Polish Academy of Sciencesul.Okolna 250-422 WroclawPoland Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Bialystok University of TechnologyWiejska 45C15-351 BialystokPoland Institute of Applied Physics and Scientific Instrument Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietCau GiayHanoiViet Nam Duy Tan University 03 Quang TrungDa NangViet Nam

zirconium metal-organic frameworks ZrOBDC(where BDC=C6H4(COOH)2,terephthalic acid)doped and co-doped with rare earth ions Ln(ZrOBDC:Ln^3+,where Ln^3+=Eu3+and Tb^3+as well as Er^3+and Yb^3+)were used as precursors for the design of tetragonal rare earth doped zirconia nanoparticles(t-ZrO2:Ln^3+NPs)through annealing process.Preparation,characterization and luminescence properties of ZrOBDC:Ln^3+and ZrO2:Ln^3+NPs were investigated.The as-obtained t-ZrO2:Ln^3+NPs have high purity with an average size of 20-30 nm.The luminescence spectra of ZrOBDC:Tb^3+and ZrOBDC:Eu3+display strong green and red emission at around 544 and 611 nm which correspond to 5D4→7F5 and 5D0→7F2 transitions of Tb^3+and Eu3+ions,respectively.The green and red up-conversion emissions of ZrO2:Er^3+,Yb^3+NPs due to 2H11/2,4S3/2→4I15/2 and 4F9/2→4I15/2 transitions of the Er^3+ions are observed under 976 nm laser excitation.

关键词： zirconium Rare earth ZrOBDC ZrOBDC:Ln3+ ZrO2:Ln3+ Up-conversion

Enhanced phosphate removal using zirconium hydroxide encapsulated in quaternized cellulose

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 102-112页

作者： Shuoxun Dong Qinghua Ji Yili Wang Huijuan Liu Jiuhui Qu Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water PollutionBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

zirconium-based materials are efficient adsorbent for aqueous phosphate removal.However,current zirconium-based materials still show unsatisfied performance on adsorption capacity and selectivity.Here,we demonstrate a zirconium hydroxide encapsulated in quaternized cellulose(QC-Zr) for the selective phosphate removal.zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles were simultaneously generated in situ with the QC framework and firmly anchored in the three-dimensional(3D) cross-linked cellulose chains.The maximum P adsorption capacity of QC-Zr was 83.6 mg P/g.Furthermore,the QC-Zr shows high P adsorption performance in a wide pH range,generally due to the electrostatic effects of quaternized cellulose.The enhanced adsorption of P was also achieved in the presence of competing anions(including Cl^-,NO3^-,SO4^2-,SO4^4-) and humic acid(HA) even at a molar ratio up to 20 levels.The column adsorption capacity of QC-Zr reached 4000 bed volumes(BV) at EBCT=0.5 min as the P concentration decreased from 2.5 to 0.5 mg/L.Mechanism study revealed that both-N^+(CH3)3 groups and zirconium hydroxide were involved in phosphate adsorption via electrostatic interactions between -N^+(CH3)3 and phosphate,and the formation of zirconium hydrogen phosphate(Zr(HPO4)x).The 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) study implied that P surface-precipitated and inner-sphere complexed with zirconium hydroxide at a ratio of 3:1.

关键词： Adsorption Phosphate removal zirconium hydroxide aerogel Quaternized cellulose

zirconium Aided Epitaxial Growth of InxSey on InP(111) Substrates Cheng

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第8期37卷 118-122页

作者：郑澄赵大鹏蔡新强黄万通孟繁琦张庆华唐林胡小鹏谷林季帅华陈曦 State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Laboratory for Advanced Materials&Electron Microscopy Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) Wako 351-0198Japan

Layered material indium selenide(InxSey)is a promising candidate for building next-generation electronic and photonic devices.We report a zirconium aided MBE growth of this van der Waals material.When co-depositing zirconium and selenium onto an indium phosphide substrate with a substrate temperature of 400℃at a constant zirconium flux rate of 0.01 ML/min,the polymorphic Inx Sey layer emerges on top of the insulating ZrSe2 layer.Different archetypes,such as InSe,α-In2Se3 and α-In2Se3,are found in the InxSey layers.A negative magnetoresistance of 40%at 2 K under 9 T magnetic field is observed.Such an InxSeyZrSe2 heterostructure with good lattice-matching may serve as a candidate for device applications.

关键词： material. zirconium matching

Effect of precipitation pH and coexisting magnesium ion on phosphate adsorption onto hydrous zirconium oxide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 167-187页

作者： Jianwei Lin Xingxing Wang Yanhui Zhan College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean University

To understand the effect of precipitation pH and coexisting Mg^(2+) on phosphate adsorption onto zirconium oxide(ZrO_2), ZrO_2 particles precipitated at pH 5.3, 7.1 and 10.5, i.e., ZrO_2(5.3), ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5), respectively were prepared and characterized, then their adsorption performance and mechanism in the absence and presence of Mg^(2+) were comparatively investigated in this study. The results showed that the Elovich, pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models correlated with the experimental data well. The adsorption mechanism involved the complexation between phosphate and zirconium. Coexisting Mg^(2+) slightly inhibited the adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(5.3), including the adsorption capacity and rate, but coexisting Mg^(2+) greatly increased the adsorption capacity and rate for ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5). The enhanced adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(7.1) and ZrO_2(10.5) in the presence of Mg^(2+) was mainly due to the formation of Mg^(2+)-HPO_4^(2-) ion pair(MgHPO_4~0) in the solution and then the adsorption of MgHPO_4~0 on the adsorbent surface, forming the phosphatebridged ternary complex Zr(OPO_3H)Mg. In the absence of Mg^(2+) , the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity at pH 7 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model decreased in the order of ZrO 2(7.1)(67.3 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(53.6 mg/g) ≈ ZrO_2(10.5)(53.1 mg/g), but it followed the order of Zr O2(7.1)(97.0 mg/g) > ZrO_2(10.5)(79.7 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(51.3 mg/g) in the presence of Mg^(2+) . The results of this work suggest that ZrO_2(7.1) is more suitable for use as an adsorbent for the effective removal of phosphate from municipal wastewater than ZrO_2(5.3) and ZrO_2(10.5),because Mg^(2+) is generally present in this wastewater.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Different precipitation pH values Adsorption Phosphate Magnesium ion Effect

zirconium-mediated Selective Synthesis of 1,4-Dialkyl（aryl）-hexa-substituted Benzenes from Two Silyl-substituted Alkynes and One Internal Alkyne

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第3期32卷 366-372页

作者： LI Junqiu ZHANG Jiqian QU Hongmei LIU Jun LI Juan ZHOU Lishan Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering Ministry of Education Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Nantong Dongchang Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd. Nantong 226407 P. R. China CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Tianjin 300131 P. R. China

Based on the formation of 2,5-bis（trimethylsilyl）-zirconacyclopentadienes from two silylalkynes with CpEZrBu2 and the Cu-mediated formation of 1,4-disilylbenzene via the cycloaddition of zirconacyclopentadienes to disubstituted alkynes, a selective synthesis of 1,4-dialkyl（aryl）-hexa-substituted benzenes was achieved followed by iodination and coupling reaction. The coupling reactions were carried out with either organolithium reagent or orga- nozinc reagent（Negishi coupling）, depending on the electrophilic species.

关键词： zirconium Hexa-substituted benzene Iodination Coupling reaction

zirconium metal-organic framework nanocrystal as microwave sensitizer for enhancement of tumor therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第2期30卷 481-484页

作者： Yuanwen Zou Wei Zhang Hongqiao Zhou Changhui Fu Longfei Tan Zhongbing Huang Xiangling Ren Jun Ren Xudong Chen Xianwei Meng College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University Shenzhen People's Hospital Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Although surgical resection and chemotherapy were widely applied in tumor therapy, the dysfunction of normal cells resulted in the side effects (such as anorexia, nausea). MW thermal therapy is a non-invasive anticancer strategy under the help of MW sensitizer, with the safety and higher efficacy. zirconium metal-organic framework nanocubes (ZrMOF NCs) modified with polyethylene glycol, were prepared via one pot method and carbodiimide technique, resulting in their large specific surface area and porosity.Our results showed that non-ion-loaded ZrMOF NCs in 0.9% NaCl solution exhibited better heating effect,higher than that in pure water, due to the robust collision among the ions under MW irradiation. The in vivo experiments confirmed that ZrMOF-PEG NCs + MW group exhibited the higher temperature in the tumor region than that of only MW treatment, suggesting a better MW thermal therapeutic anticancer efficacy. This work provides a new preparation strategy of biosafety nanomaterial as MW sensitizer for enhancing MW thermal anticancer therapy.

关键词： Microwave thermal therapy zirconium metal-organic framework nanocubes Microwave sensitizer Tumor therapy Biosafety