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zebra chip disease incidence on potato is influenced by timing of potato psyllid infestation, but not by the host plants on which they were reared

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Insect Science 2009年第5期16卷 399-408页

作者： Feng Gao John Jifon Xiangbing Yang Tong-Xian Liu Texas AgriLife Research Texas A&M University System 2415 E. Highway 83 Weslaco TX 78596 USA

The zebra chip （ZC） syndrome is an emerging disease of potato and a major threat to the potato industry. The potato psyllid, Bactericerca cockerelli （Sulc） is believed to be a vector of the ZC pathogen, which is now thought to be Candidatus Liberibacter, a bacterium. To further understand the relationship between potato psyllid infestation and ZC disease expression, healthy potato plants at different growth stages （4, 6 and 10 weeks after germination） were exposed separately to potato psyllids that were separately reared on four solanaceous hosts plants （potato, tomato, eggplant or bell pepper） for more than 1 year. ZC symptoms, leaf rates and total nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and tubers of healthy and psyllid-infested plants were monitored and recorded. Typical ZC symptoms were observed in leaves and tubers of all plants exposed to potato psyllids regardless of the host plant on which they were reared. This was also accompanied by significant reductions in net photosynthetic rate. Caged potato plants without exposure to potato psyllids （uninfested controls） did not show any ZC symptom in both foliage and in harvested tubers. Foliage damage and ZC expression were most severe in the potato plants that were exposed to potato psyllids 4 weeks after germination compared to plants infested at later growth stages. Tubers from potato psyllid-infested plants had significantly higher levels of reducing sugars （glucose） and lower levels of starch than those in healthy plants, indicating that potato psyllid infestation interfered with carbohydrate metabolism in either leaves or tubers, resulting in ZC expression.

关键词： Bactericerca cockerelli glucose reducing sugars starch sucrose zebra chip disease

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Dietary experience alters predatory behavior of two ladybird species on tomato potato psyllid

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INSECT SCIENCE 2024年第5期31卷 1579-1590页

作者： Sarkar, Shovon Chandra Milroy, Stephen Paul Xu, Wei Murdoch Univ Food Futures Inst Murdoch WA Australia Murdoch Univ Food Futures Inst Murdoch WA 6150 Australia

The tomato potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, is an invasive pest in Australia, which can cause severe economic loss in the production of Solanaceous crops. As an invasive pest, B. cockerelli may also modify biotic interactions in Australian agricultural and native ecosystems. Resident generalist predators in an area may have the ability to utilize invasive pest species as prey but this will depend on their specific predatory behavior. The extent to which generalist predators learn from their previous dietary experience (i.e., whether they have used a particular species as prey before) and how this impacts subsequent prey choice will influence predator and prey population dynamics after invasion. In this study, one nonnative resident ladybird, Hippodamia variegata, and one native ladybird, Coccinella transversalis, were investigated. Dietary experience with B. cockerelli as a prey species significantly increased preference for the psyllid in a short term (6 h) Petri dish study where a choice of prey was given. Greater suppression of B. cockerelli populations by experienced ladybirds was also observed on glasshouse grown tomato plants. This was presumably due to altered prey recognition by experience. The result of this study suggest the potential to improve the impact of biological control agents on invasive pests by providing early life experience consuming the target species. It may prove valuable for developing improved augmentative release strategies for ladybirds to manage specific insect pest species. Past feeding experiences influence the predation behavior of two ladybirds on tomato potato psyllids. image

关键词： biological control invasive pest predator predator experience prey preference zebra chip disease SELF-SELECTION CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER LIFE-HISTORY COLEOPTERA TABLES PREFERENCE BIOLOGY INSECT THREAT

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