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Comprehensive drought monitoring in yunnan province, China using multisource remote sensing data

Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第6期18卷 1537-1549页

作者： WANG Jin-liang YU Yuan-he Faculty of Geography Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing for Universities in yunnan Kunming 650500China Center for Geospatial Information Engineering and Technology of yunnan province Kunming 650500China

Development of drought monitoring techniques is important for understanding and mitigating droughts and for rational agricultural management. This study used data from multiple sources, including MOD13 A3, TRMM 3 B43, and SRTMDEM, for yunnan province, China from 2009 to 2018 to calculate the tropical rainfall condition index(TRCI), vegetation condition index(VCI), temperature condition index(TCI), and elevation factors. Principal component analysis(PCA) and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) were used to construct comprehensive drought monitoring models for yunnan province. The reliability of the models was verified, following which the drought situation in yunnan province for the past ten years was analysed. The results showed that:(1) The comprehensive drought index(CDI) had a high correlation with the standardized precipitation index, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, temperature vegetation dryness index, and CLDAS(China Meteorological Administration land data assimilation system), indicating that the CDI was a strong indicator of drought through meteorological, remote sensing and soil moisture monitoring.(2) The droughts from 2009 to 2018 showed generally consistent spatiotemporal changes. Droughts occurred in most parts of the province, with an average drought frequency of 29% and four droughtprone centres.(3) Monthly drought coverage during 2009 to 2014 exceeded that over 2015 to 2018. January had the largest average drought coverage over the study period(61.92%). Droughts at most stations during the remaining months except for October exhibited a weakening trend(slope > 0). The CDI provides a novel approach for drought monitoring in areas with complex terrain such as yunnan province.

关键词： Multisource data Comprehensive drought index(CDI) Standardized precipitation index(SPI) Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI) Temperature vegetation dryness index(TVDI) yunnan province China

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Analyzing the Effectiveness of Policy Implementation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Management of the 2009–2010 Drought in yunnan province, China

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第1期8卷 64-77页

作者： Neera Shrestha Pradhan Yufang Su Yao Fu Liyun Zhang Yongping Yang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) KathmanduNepal Kunming Institute of Botany(KIB) Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Centre for Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanChina yunnan Academy of Social Science Kunming 650034YunnanChina Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091YunnanChina

Several research efforts have focused primarily on policy implementation and improving innovative actions to address disaster risks. Discussions are ongoing on how to measure the effectiveness of policy implementation at the local level. But there is no definitive theory of effective policy implementation, and very few frameworks have been found acceptable as the basis of an analysis of the effectiveness of policy implementation, especially on droughts. Based on the 2009–2010 extreme drought in yunnan, China, this article presents a modified framework to assess the effectiveness of policy implementation by defining policy, practice, and performance, as well as a feedback loop by which to share the lessons learned. Water conservancy projects in Luliang County and the agricultural diversity program in Longyang County in yunnan province were analyzed from a farmers' perspective. It was found that farmers are highly dependent on government policies and projects, and the effectiveness of policies is measured by short-term, immediate, and tangible benefits rather than long-term adaptation strategies. The results highlight the urgent need to reduce risks by developing better awareness about climate change and drought and its impacts, increased understanding of drought hazards, and implementation of appropriate measures for long-term adaptation.

关键词： China Community perception Drought impact Local adaptation strategies Policy implementation and effectiveness yunnan province

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A biogenic volatile organic compounds emission inventory for yunnan province

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 353-359页

作者： WANGZhi-hui BAIYu-hua ZHANGShu-yu CollegeofEnvironmentalSciences PekingUniversityBeijing100871China JournalofPekingUniversity PekingUniversityBeijing100871China

The first detailed inventory for volatile organic compounds(VOC) emissions from vegetation over yunnan province, China was presented. The spatially and temporally resolved inventory was developed based on a geographic information system(GIS), remote sensing(RS) data and field measurement data, such as digitized land-use data, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and temperature data from direct real-time measurement. The inventory has a spatial resolution of 5 km×5 km and a time resolution of 1 h. Urban, agriculture, and natural land-use distributions in yunnan province were combined with biomass factors for each land-use category to produce a spatially resolved biomass inventory. A biogenic emission inventory was developed by combining the biomass inventory with hourly emission rates for tree, shrub and ground cover species of the study area. Correcting for environmental factors, including light intensity and temperature, a value of 1.1×10 12 gC for total annual biogenic VOC emissions from yunnan province, including 6.1×10 11 gC for isoprene, 2.1×10 11 gC for monoterpenes, and 2.6×10 11 gC for OVOC was obtained. The highest VOC emissions occurred in the northwestern, southwestern and north region of yunnan province. Some uncertainties were also discussed in this study.

关键词： biogenic VOC isoprene monoterpene emissions inventory yunnan province

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The Geochemical Characteristics and Minerogenic Model for the Amo Hypothermal Tin Deposit in Ximeng County, yunnan province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第3期65卷 271-287页

作者： Zhao Daxian Tang Guangting The Fifth Geological Party, yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Simao,yunnan Liu Linqun The Fifth Geological Party Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Sirnao Yunnan

Through studies on the element geochemistry, alteration of country rocks, ore-forming fluids and isotopegeochemistry of the Arno tin deposit in the metamorphic rocks of the Upper Proterozoic Ximeng Group, theauthors consider that the concentration of the B-F-Li-Rb-Cs-Sn association is related to acidic magmatism inthe study area. The Fe-Mg-Li tourmaline in the ore is the replaced product of the country rocks byhypothermal fluid. The δ^(18)O values of mineral separates are +2.01- +13.16‰ and their δ^(34)S values, +2.6-+7.2‰. The ore-forming materials were derived from hydrothermal fluid of granitic magma. For themineralization, the temperature is 450°-350℃, the pressure, 450-1000×10~5 Pa, and the age, Himalayan(21.5 Ma). According to the geochemical characteristics, a minerogenic model is established: the deposit is ahypothermal cassiterite-quartz vein type tin deposit controlled by the hidden Himalayan granites.

关键词： The Geochemical Characteristics and Minerogenic Model for the Amo Hypothermal Tin Deposit in Ximeng County yunnan province

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Geochemistry and Zircon U–Pb age of the Yao＇an pseudoleucite porphyry,yunnan province,China

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第2期36卷 316-328页

作者： Chundi Sun Peng Wu Die Wang Shenjin Guan Xiaojun Jiang Longyan Jiang Longyan Wang Southwest Institute of Geological Survey Geological Survey Center for Non-ferrous Mineral Resources Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 65093 Yunnan China Yue Da Mining Holdings Limited Kunming 650093 Yunnan China

The Yao'an Pb–Ag deposit, located in the Chuxiong Basin, western Yangtze Block, is an important component of the Jinshajiang–Ailaoshan alkaline porphyry–related polymetallic intrusive belt. This complex suite of rock bodies includes a vein of pseudoleucite porphyry within deposits of syenite porphyry and *** pseudoleucite is characterized by a variable greyish,greyish-white, and greyish-green porphyritic texture. Phenocrysts are mainly pseudoleucite with small amounts of alkali feldspar and biotite. In an intense event, leucite phenocrysts altered to orthoclase, kaolinite, and *** the pseudoleucite porphyry and the syenite porphyry samples were typical alkali-rich, K-rich, al-rich rocks with high LaN/YbNratios; enriched in light rare earth elements and large-ion lithophile elements, and depleted in high field strength elements; and with strongly negative Ta, Nb, and Ti(TNT) anomalies and slightly negative Eu anomalies—all characteristics of subduction-zone mantle-derived *** obtained a LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb age of 34.1 ± 0.3 Ma(MSWD = 2.4), which is younger than the established age of the Indian and Eurasian Plate *** magma derived from a Type-II enriched mantle formed in a post-collisional plate tectonic setting. The geochemical characteristics of the Yao'an pseudoleucite porphyry are powerful evidence that the porphyry'sdevelopment was closely linked to the Jinshajiang–Ailaoshan fault and to the Indian-Eurasian collision.

关键词： Geochemistry U-Pb age Pseudoleucite porphyry Pb-Ag deposit Yao'an yunnan province

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Impact of changes in precipitation pattern on food supply in a monsoon interlacing area and its mechanism:A case study of yunnan province

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第10期31卷 1490-1506页

作者： LIU Zhilin DING Yinping JIAO Yuanmei Faculty of Geography Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China

Following climate change,changes in precipitation patterns and food security are major challenges faced by ***,research on how these changes in precipitation pattern impacts food supply is *** study aims to elucidate this impact and response mechanisms using precipitation data of a climate change-sensitive confluence zone of the southwest and southeast monsoons in yunnan province from 1988 to *** results revealed that the precipitation pattern could be divided into three periods:abundant precipitation(Stage I,from 1988 to 2004),decreased precipitation(Stage II,from 2005 to 2015),and drought recovery(Stage III,from 2016 to 2018).Following the transition from Stage I to Stage II and from Stage II to Stage III,the area of precipitation changed significantly,accounting for 15.07%,13.87%,and 16.53%of yunnan’s total area,for Stages I,II,and III,*** the provincial level,a significant positive correlation was observed between precipitation and food production(r=0.535,P0.05),*** on the precipitation thresholds,yunnan province can be divided into precipitation surplus,precipitation equilibrium,and precipitation deficit regions,corresponding countermeasures to stabilize grain yield were proposed for each of these *** threshold effect of precipitation on grain yield is controlled by molecular-level water–crop mechanisms,in which reactive oxygen species,a by-product of plant aerobic metabolism,plays a key regulatory role.

关键词： monsoon confluence region precipitation patterns food supply influencing mechanisms yunnan province

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An equilibrium analysis of the land use structure in the yunnan province, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第3期8卷 393-404页

作者： Jiao LUO Jinyan ZHAN Yingzhi LIN Chunhong ZHAO State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Global land use structure is changing rapidly due to unceasing population growth and accelerated urbanization, which leads to fierce competition between the rigid demand for built-up area and the protection of cultivated land, forest, and grassland. It has been a great challenge to realize the sustainable development of land resources. Based on a computable general equilibrium model of land use change with a social accounting matrix dataset, this study implemented an equilibrium analysis of the land use structure in the yunnan province during the period of 2008-2020 under three scenarios, the baseline scenario, low TFP （total factor productivity） scenario, and high TFP scenario. The results indicated that under all three scenarios, area of cultivated land declined signifi- cantly along with a remarkable expansion of built-up area, while areas of forest, grassland, and unused land increased slightly. The growth rate of TFP had first negative and then positive effects on the expansion of built-up area and decline of cultivated land as it increased. Moreover, the simulated changes of both cultivated land and built-up area were the biggest under the low TFP scenario, and far exceeded the limit in the Overall Plan for Land Utilization in the yunnan province in 2020. The scenario-based simulation results are of important reference value for policy-makers in making land use decisions, balancing the fierce competition between the protection of cultivated land and the increasing demand for built-up area, and guaranteeing food security, ecological security, and the sustainable development of land resources.

关键词： land use land use structure computable general equilibrium model of land use change socialaccounting matrix scenarios yunnan province

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Earthquake event deposits in Mesoproterozoic Kunyang Group in central yunnan province and its geological implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第7期44卷 600-608页

作者：杜远生张传恒韩欣顾松竹林文娇 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 2. Faculty of Earth Science and Resource China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China

Earthquake and its resultant tsunami, as a kind of disaster events in geological history, may be recorded as event deposits of seismite and tsunamite. Typical characteristics of seismite and tsunamite, including seismo-fracture bed, synsedimentary microfracture, micro-corrugated lamination, molar tooth structure, hummocky bedding, occurs in Mesoproterozoic Dalongkou Formation of Kunyang Group in central yunnan province. Three types of sedimentary units have been recognized: seismite (unit-A, including limestone with molar tooth structure, seismic shattering rock, seismic corrugated rock, autoclastic breccia and intraclastic parabreccia), tsunamite (unit-B, intraclastic limestone with hummocky or parallel beddings) and background deposits (unit-C). Various stackings of these units construct three distinct sedimentary sequences: A-B-C, A-C and B-C. A-B-C represents an event sedimentary sequence of earthquake-tsunami-background deposits, A-C represents the sequence of earthquake and background deposits (no tsunami occur-ring), and B-C represents the sequence of tsunami and background deposits (far from the center of earthquake). As the central yunnan province was located in a tectonic setting of rift basin in Mesoproterozoic Era, the earthquake event deposits of the Dalongkou Formation are sedimentary response to tectonic activity of the rift basin.

关键词： yunnan province Mesoproterozoic Era earthquake tsunami seismites tsunamites

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Characteristics of the Reservoir of the Rehai Geothermal Field in Tengchong, yunnan province, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第3期65卷 307-320页

作者： Liao Zhijie Shen Minzi Guo Guoying Department of Geology, Peking University Department of Geology Peking University

The Rehai geothermal field in Tengchong County, yunnan province is a significant high-temperaturehydrothermal convective system. The geothermal reservoir is composed of granite. Various geothermometersare used to evaluate the reservoir temperature. The most likely temperature of the reservoir as representedby T_(Na-K-Ca) is about 230℃. The chemical and isotopic compositions of fluids before boiling within the reser-voir are estimated. The mixing and dilution of cold and warm waters are discussed. The Rehai geothermal fieldis a high-temperature (hot) water system with the subsurface boiling zone close to the surface. The reservoirpressure at different depths is calculated. And finally the water-rock equilibration is inferred.

关键词： Characteristics of the Reservoir of the Rehai Geothermal Field in Tengchong yunnan province

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Two major er1 alleles confer powdery mildew resistance in three pea cultivars bred in yunnan province, China

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 353-359页

作者： Suli Sun Yuhua He Cheng Dai Canxing Duan Zhendong Zhu National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is an important disease of pea(Pisum sativum L.).The use of cultivars carrying powdery mildew resistance alleles at the er1 locus is the most effective and economical means of controlling this disease. The objectives of this study were to screen Chinese elite pea cultivars for resistance to E. pisi and to identify the responsible gene at the er1 locus. Among the 37 pea cultivars tested, three(Yunwan 8, Yunwan 21, and Yunwan 23) were immune to E. pisi infection in phenotypic evaluations. The full-length cD NA sequences of the er1 candidate gene, PsM LO1, from the three resistant cultivars and control plants were analyzed. Comparison of the cD NA sequences of 10 clones revealed differences among the powdery mildew-resistant cultivars, susceptible controls, and wild-type cultivar Sprinter. The observed resistance in Yunwan 8 plants resulted from a point mutation(C → G) at position 680 of PsM LO1 that introduced a stop codon, leading to premature termination of protein synthesis. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–1. Powdery mildew resistance in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants was caused by identical insertions or deletions in PsM LO1. Three distinct PsM LO1 transcripts were observed in Yunwan 21 and Yunwan 23 plants. These transcripts were characterized by a129-bp deletion and 155- and 220-bp insertions, respectively. The responsible resistance allele was identified as er1–2. We have characterized two important er1 alleles in three E. pisi-resistant pea cultivars bred in yunnan province, China. These cultivars represent important genetic resources for the breeding of powdery mildew-resistant pea cultivars.

关键词： Erysiphe pisi er1 Pea Powdery mildew yunnan province

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