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Unveiling the mechanism of Yttrium significantly improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of super-austenitic stainless steel S32654

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第20期115卷 103-114页

作者： Shucai Zhang Huabing Li Zhouhua Jiang Hao Feng Zhejian Wen Junyu Ren Peide Han School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Aiming at serious catastrophic oxidation problem of super-austenitic stainless steel S32654,the influence of different rare earth elements on its oxidation behavior was comparatively investigated at 1200℃.The mechanism of Y significantly improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of S32654 was unveiled.The results demonstrated that Y played much better beneficial roles than Ce and La in the initial formation of oxide layer:(1)Y promoted Cr segregation to steel surface to combine with O;(2)its preferential oxidation provided nucleation cores for Cr_(2)O_(3).Both roles jointly promoted the selective oxidation of Cr and then the formation of protective Cr-rich oxide layer.This provided good prerequisites for inhibiting the formation and volatilization of MoO_(3).Additionally,Y cation segregation to oxide grain boundaries further promoted the selective oxidation of Cr and Si to form more protective oxide layer.These beneficial roles of Y essentially eliminated the synergistic effects of MoO_(3) volatilization and lamellar Cr_(2)N precipitation on catastrophic oxidation.Accordingly,the oxidation resistance of Y-bearing S32654 was improved by 22%–45%.

关键词： Super-austenitic stainless steel Rare earth elements Yttrium Oxidation MoO_(3)volatilization Cr_(2)N precipitation

Leaching of lanthanide and Yttrium from a Central Appalachian coal and the ashes obtained at 550-950℃

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 807-814,I0005页

作者： Ronghong Lin Yee Soong Bret H.Howard Murphy J.Keller Elliot A.Roth Ping Wang Evan J.Granite U.S.Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory626 Cochrans Mill RoadP.O.Box 10940PittsburghPA15236United States Keylogic Systems.Pittsburgh PA15236United States

In this work,we investigated leaching of lanthanide and Yttrium(REY) from a Central Appalachian coal and its ashes obtained at 550-950℃ with the main purpose of understanding the impact of ashing temperature on REY leachability in water,ammonium sulfate,and hydrochloric acid.It is found that the coal contains a negligible amount of water-soluble REY,less than 1% ion-exchangeable REY,and about 28% of HCl-soluble REY.Ashing leads to dramatic changes in REY leachability in both ammonium sulfate and hydrochloric acid solutions,which is believed to be related to transformation and redistribution of organically-associated REY in coal during the ashing process.Ashing temperature significantly affects REY leaching from coal ashes;higher ashing temperature results in lower REY leachability in both solutions.Clay minerals may play a significant role in changing the leachability of REY after ashing.In addition,the results also suggest that the organic matter in the coal is relatively enriched in heavy REY.

关键词： Acid leaching Cation exchange Coal Coal ash Rare earth elements Yttrium

Mechanism of Yttrium in deep desulfurization of NiCoCrAlY alloy during vacuum induction melting process

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Rare Metals 2022年第1期41卷 218-225页

作者： Jin-Peng Li Hua-Rui Zhang Ming Gao Qing-Ling Li Jie Zhang Bo Yang Hu Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Material and Thin Film Technology Beihang University

In this study,Yttrium as desulfurizer on the purification of Ni-20 Co-20 Cr-10 Al-Y alloy during vacuum induction melting(VIM) process using Y0crucibles was investigated experimentally.It is found that Y plays an important role on the desulfurizing of the NiCoCrAlY alloy.Without any addition of Y,merely the employment of YOcrucibles could effectively reduce S content of the alloy melts from 28 × 10to 6 × 10-7 × 10.With addition of 0.8 wt% Y in the alloy,the concentration of S could further reduce 2 × 10-3 × 10.The primary interactive mechanism between Y and molten alloy was concluded to be the synthesis reaction of NiY phase,YSphases and YAl0phase.In the desulfurize slags,YSphases and YAl0phase are found.No secondary contamination is present in the alloy melts after addition of Y.

关键词： Yttrium Desulfurization Vacuum induction melting Y 2 O 3 crucibles NiCoCrAlY alloy

Effect of Yttrium treatment on alumina inclusions in high carbon steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第4期29卷 655-664页

作者： Yi Wang Chang-rong Li Lin-zhu Wang Xing-qiang Xiong Lu Chen School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Guizhou Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Conservation Guiyang 550025GuizhouChina

Aluminum oxide inclusions in SWRS82B steel seriously affect the drawing performance of steel strands.The effects of different addition amounts of Yttrium(within the range of 0%–0.026%)on the composition,morphology,size and spacing of aluminum oxide inclusions were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis.Based on classical thermodynamics and FactSage software,the predominance diagram of inclusions in Fe–O–S–Y system and the effect of the addition of rare earth Yttrium on the stability of alumina inclusions were calculated.The results showed that molten steel was modified by adding the rare earth element Yttrium.It can be inferred that the approximate route of target inclusion modification was:Al_(2)O_(3)→Y_(2)S_(3)+YAlO_(3)+Al_(2)O_(3)→Y_(2)S_(3)+YAlO_(3)+Y_(2)O_(2)S+YAlO_(3)+Al_(2)O_(3)→Y_(2)S_(3)+Y_(2)O_(2)S.The experimental samples with 0.026%added Yttrium had the best inclusion characteristics,in which the inclusion surface density distribution was uniform,and the interfacial distance between inclusions was mainly in the range of 100–500μm.After modification,the average inclusion size in molten steel was reduced by 6.9–8.6μm.The mechanism of Yttrium modification was discussed based on actual calculation results and experimental results.

关键词： Yttrium treatment Modification of aluminum inclusions Inclusion evolution Thermodynamics

Studies on the Luminescence Property of Yttrium-Based Metallofullerenes

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2022年第9期41卷 1-7页

作者： Jiayi Liang Chunru Wang Taishan Wang Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100190China

Endohedral metallofullerenes(EMFs) exhibit various properties due to their multiple combinations between internal metals and outer carbon cages. Among them, Yttrium-based metallofullerenes have attracted much attention due to their luminescence properties. For example,YN@Cis distinguished by its photoluminescence(PL) properties with a small energy gap between the lowest singlet states(S) and the triplet excited states(T) in YN@C, allowing reverse intersystem crossing(RISC) of T→Sand resulting in thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF). In addition, the PL intensity, lifetime, and quantum yield(QY) of YN@Call depend on the molecular structure and surrounding environment. Typically, modulation of the PL properties can be achieved by replacing the Yttrium metal inside the carbon cage as well as by modifying the carbon cage externally.Here, we focus on the luminescence properties of Yttrium-based metallofullerenes, summarize recent research advances, and predict their future development.

关键词： metallofullerenes Yttrium luminescence thermally activated delayed fluorescence phosphorescence

Enrichment characteristics and sources of the critical metal Yttrium in Zhijin rare earth-containing phosphorites, Guizhou Province, China

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第3期40卷 441-465页

作者： Xingxiang Gong Shengwei Wu Yong Xia Zhengwei Zhang Shan He Zhuojun Xie Jiafei Xiao Haiying Yang Qingping Tan Yi Huang Yuhong Yang Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Technology Innovation Center of Mineral ResourcesExplorations in Bedrock Zones Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuiyang 550081China Reserve Bureau of Land and Mineral Resources of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550081China School of Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Yttrium(Y)is a critical metallic element that is used widely in modern scientific,technological,and industrial applications.Phosphorites in the Zhijin area of Guizhou Province,China,are famous for Y enrichment,but the enrichment characteristics and sources remain unclear.Previous studies suggested that the sources of rare earth elements(REEs,La-Lu)and Y(REYs,La-Lu+Y)were related to hydrothermal deposition.However,this study presents evidence refuting that hypothesis,with major and trace elemental data collected with quadrupoleinductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(Q-ICPMS)analysis.These data show that Y in Zhijin REYscontaining phosphorites has a normal distribution and is particularly enriched relative to other REYs.The Y enrichment degree is different at different∑REY intervals.Specifically,the Y enrichment degree is higher at lower∑REY values and lower at higher∑REY values.The REYs-containing phosphorites show features of primary phosphorites.Both REEs and Y have good correlations with P2 O5 in the phosphorites with low REYs contents(total REYs535 ppm),REEs have a good correlation with P2 O5 but Y does not.Inconsistent enrichment processes of REYs are suggestive of complex sources of Y.Thus,seafloor hydrothermal fluids were not the direct source of Y.Normal seawater mixed with terrestrial sources might have contributed to the origin of Y here.This study could lead to improvements in Y mineral resource explorations and the situation involving the global REYs supply crisis.

关键词： Yttrium Phosphorites Rare earth elements Trace elements Enrichment processes

Effective adsorptive denitrogenation from model fuels over Yttrium ion-exchanged Y zeolite

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 414-419页

作者： Fuping Tian Xin Sun Xinyi Liu Hongluan Zhang Jiaxu Liu Hongchen Guo Yifu Zhang Changgong Meng School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The adsorption removal of indole and quinoline in octane with and without toluene over zeolites NaY and Yttrium Ion-exchanged Y(YY)using batch adsorption experiments was studied at 25℃and 0.1 MPa.YY was prepared by treating NaY with Y(NO3)3 solution twice via liquid ion-exchange method.NaY and YY were both characterized by XRD,SEM,N2 adsorption,XRF,NH3-TPD,and pyridine-FTIR techniques.Adsorption isotherms of indole,quinoline and toluene in octane were conducted at 25.0℃to explain the influence of toluene on nitrogen removal over NaY and YY.The partial destruct of the crystalline structure of NaY was observed after the introduction of Yttrium ion,which led to an evident decline in BET surface area and pore volume of YY.Strong Br?nsted acidity and medium Lewis acidity were introduced by Yttrium ion-exchange.Though the specific surface area and pore volume of YY were much lower than those of NaY,YY exhibited equivalent adsorption capacities for indole and quinoline as NaY in model fuels without toluene.In the presence of 20 vol%toluene,however,YY exhibited much higher adsorption capacities for indole and quinoline than NaY,especially in the case of quinoline.The improved toluene-tolerant of YY was ascribed to the strong acid–base interaction between YY and quinoline and the decreased adsorption strength between YY and toluene.

关键词： Adsorptive denitrogenation Indole Quinoline Toluene Yttrium ion-exchanged Y zeolite

The use of computational thermodynamic for Yttrium recovery from rare earth elements-bearing residue

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第2期39卷 201-207页

作者： Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa Jorge Alberto Soares Tenorio Department of Chem ical Engineering Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

The rare earth elements are considered critical metals,due to the risk of supply interruption.The recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment can be an alternative to supply the rare earth market.Several processes have been developed,and by aqueous media is the most prominent,which makes possible the extraction and separation of elements even in low concentration(traces).As an example of thermal processing,the use of thermodynamic simulations might benefit the metal extraction in hydrometallurgical processing.For this reason,the goal of this work is to evaluate the use of FactSage 7.2 software for the leaching of fluorescent lamp powders by sulfuric acid.The effect of concentration and temperature was evaluated.Results comprise that the thermodynamic software wellpredicted the solid phase formed in all residues of leaching experiments-gypsum was predicted by the software and identified in XRD analyses.It demonstrates that FactSage software can be explored for metals extraction in aqueous media,being important for trace-elements extraction.Yttrium extraction reaches up to 95%at 45℃using H_(2)SO_(4)2 mol/L.

关键词： Yttrium Lanthanum Cerium WEEE FactSage Rare earths

Mechanisms of Yttrium on the wettability,surface tension and interactions between Ni-20Co-20Cr-10Al-ξY alloys and MgO ceramics

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第11期70卷 39-48页

作者： Jinpeng Li Huarui Zhang Ming Gao Qingling Li Weidong Bian Yongshuang Cui Tongxiang Tao Hu Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China China Aerospace Academy of Systems Science and Engineering Beijing100048China Qingdao Institute of New Material Technology of Beihang University Qingdao266000China

The mechanisms of Y on the wettability,surface tension,and interactions between the Ni-20 Co-20 Cr-10 Al-ξY alloys and MgO ceramics at 1873 K were investigated by sessile drop experiments.The results of nonlinear fitting showed that the equilibrium contact angles and Y concentrations were approximately in accord with the log-normal distribution law.The equilibrium contact angles changed from 101.5°to 140.5°with Y increasing from 0 wt.%to 1.23 wt.%.Cross-sectional microstructure observations revealed that the thermal dissociation of ceramics occurred and the released[O]atoms can react with Y to produce Y_(2)O_(3) reaction layer along three-phase interphase area.Wetting kinetics analyses indicated that surface tension of the melt droplets had been positively correlated with the Y concentrations,and it increased from 737.8–1045.1 mN/m.Meanwhile,the pinning effect of the rough substrate surface on the three-phase line hindered the spreading of the liquid on ceramics.The change in total free energy of the alloys/ceramics system was considered as the key factor affecting the wettability.Moreover,the surface morphology and thermodynamic stability of ceramics also had some influence on the wettability.

关键词： Yttrium Wettability Interfacial interaction Surface tension Three-phase line