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Relationship Among yield components and Selection Criteria for yield Improvement in Early Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第7期10卷 997-1003页

作者： LU Guang-yuan ZHANG Fang ZHENG Pu-ying CHENG Yong LIU Feng-lan FU Gui-ping ZHANG Xue-kun Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Biological Research Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430062 P.R.China The National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center Beijing 100125 P.R.China

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between seed yield and other important agronomic traits of early-maturing rapeseed as a rotation crop in a double-cropping rice area using Pearson＇s correlation coefficient as well as to estimate direct and indirect effects of specific yield component traits on seed yield via path analysis. Nineteen rapeseed genotypes were grown at ten environments in South China during 2008-2009 and 12 characters were evaluated. Analysis of variance showed that environment had a significant impact on all characters. For most characters the genotype by environment interaction was weak and not statistically significant. Simple correlation analysis indicated that the number of primary branches （PB）, number of pods on the main raceme （PR）, and number of seeds per pod made significant contributions to seed yield per plant （SYP）, while 1 000-seed weight was negatively correlated with SYP （r=-0.485, P0.05）. Furthermore, number of pods per plant （PP）, PB, and PR had the greatest direct effects on SYP. In addition, PP and PB were the best indicators to predict seed yield in stepwise regression analysis. Finally, yield component differences between early- and medium-maturity varieties were compared; this showed that to improve the seed yield of early varieties, more emphasis should be given to increase PP, PB, and PR, and reduce plant height and shortening of growth duration in breeding practice.

关键词： Brassica napus L. early maturity yield component path analysis

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Influence of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen on Grain yield andyield components of Hybrid Rice in Northwestern Pakistan

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 326-333页

作者： amanullah hidayatullah Department of Agronomy Faculty of Crop Production SciencesThe University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan

Field experiments were conducted to assess the impact of various organic sources, inorganicnitrogen （N） and the different combinations of inorganic N （urea）＋ organic source on the yieldcomponents （YC） and grain yield （GY） of hybrid rice （Oryza sativa L., Pukhraj） under rice-wheat *** experiments were conducted at Batkhela （Malakand）, Northwestern Pakistan, in 2011 and *** results revealed that YC and GY ranked first for the hybrid rice when applied with sole inorganic N（urea）, followed by the application of N in mixture （urea ＋ organic sources）, while the control plots （no Napplied） ranked in the bottom. Among the six organic sources （three animal manures： poultry, sheepand cattle; three crop residues： onion, berseem and wheat）, application of N in the form of poultrymanure was superior in terms of higher YC and GY. When applying 120 kg/hm2 N source, 75% N fromurea ＋ 25% N from organic source resulted in higher YC and GY in 2011, while applying 50% N fromurea ＋ 50% N from organic sources caused higher YC and GY in 2012. Therefore, the combinedapplication of N sources in the form of urea ＋ organic source can produce good performances in termsof higher YC and GY of rice under rice-wheat cropping system.

关键词： rice organic source urea nitrogen yield component grain yield

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Seed yields and yield components of Zoysia japonica Established by Seeding and Transplant

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第7期3卷 553-560页

作者： MAChun-hui HANJian-guo SUNJie-feng ZHANGQuan LUGuan-jun CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology AgriculturalUniversityofHebeiBaoding071001P.R.China InstituteofGrasslandScience ChinaAgriculturalUniversityBeijing100094P.R.China QingdaoHaiyuanTurfgrassCo.Ltd Jiaozhou266300P.R.China

The study was conducted to determine the optimum fertilizer-N application rate formaximum seed yields of Zoysiagrass stands from seeding and transplant respectively, atJiaozhou, Shandong Province, China from 2001 to 2003. In the third year after establishment,seed yields and yield components for both stands showed a similar response to fertilizer-N. Maximum fertile tiller numbers (3342 heads m-2 and 2941 heads m-2 from stands seeded inrows and transplanted, respectively) and the highest seed yields (844.50kgha-1 and 874.65kg ha-1 from stands seeded in rows and transplanted, respectively) were obtained at a Nfertilizer rate of 20kgha-1 in autumn and 10kgha-1 in spring (30kgha-1 N in total). Thefertile tillers and seed yields decreased with further increasing of N fertilizer ***-N application could increase the length of spike, spikelets per fertiletiller, seed number per spike, setting percentage and thousand seed weight. The 1000-seed weight and the length of spike from transplant plots were higher than that fromseeding plots. The optimal harvest time of zoysiagrass at Jiaozhou was on the 36th dayafter peak anthesis, near June 15th, when the seed moisture content was 26-28%.

关键词： Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) Nitrogen fertilizer Seed yield yield component

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Performance of Four Rice Cultivars Transplanted Monthly over Full Year under Irrigated Conditions in Tanzania

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Rice science 2015年第2期22卷 71-80页

作者： Nobuhito SEKIYA Aristarick Cyril SHAYO Mathew Kaozya JACOB Nobuaki OIZUMI Motonori TOMITAKA Hideki ARAKI Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) JICA Tanzania Office Institute for Sustainable Agroecosystem Services Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesUniversity of Tokyo Kilimanjaro Agricultural Training Centre Experimental Farm Faculty of AgricultureYamaguchi University Ministry of Agriculture Training Institute Ilonga Japan International Cooperation Agency JICA Headquarters

In Tanzania, the phenology and seasonal variations of the yields of different rice cultivars have rarely been studied, especially under fully-irrigated conditions. A trial was conducted to identify the most suitable calendar for rice production in Tanzania under fully-irrigated conditions. Four popular rice cultivars, NERICA1, Wahiwahi, IR64 and TXD306, were transplanted monthly from January to December 2011. The four cultivars recorded similarly higher or lower yields than the annual means when transplanted in July （0.50-0.57 kg/m2） and April （0.07-0.31 kg/m2）. A yield-ranking analysis showed that plants transplanted in July was the most productive while those transplanted in April was the least productive, and also revealed a yield-seasonality for irrigated rice in Tanzania, a low-yield season （April-May）, a high-yield season （June-August）, and an unstable-yield season （September-March）. These yield seasons would appear to be closely linked to seasonal temperature variations. When transplanted in April-May, plants were exposed to very low temperatures between panicle initiation and flowering, apparently reducing yield through cold-induced sterility. Those transplanted in June-August prolonged their growth under relatively low temperatures and increased yield through increasing biomass production. In September- March, yield levels varied greatly due to the shortened phenological growth durations at higher temperatures. We conclude that under fully-irrigated conditions in Tanzania, rice should be transplanted in July to ensure the maximum production and yield stability. The yield-seasonality suggests that implementing measures to protect plants from low and high temperature stress at critical phenological stages may allow year-round rice production under fully-irrigated conditions in Tanzania.

关键词： irrigated rice local variety phenological response temperature yield component yieldperformance

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Effect of Reaction-Finished Solution of Hydrochar(HRFS)Application on Rice Grain yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Saline Soil

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 859-868页

作者： Zhenghua Yi Paramsothy Jeyakumar Jiang Jiang Xiaomian Zhang Chunlei Yue Haijun Sun Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Environmental Sciences School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North4442New Zealand Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Hangzhou310023China

We conducted a pot experiment to examine the feasibility of applying a reaction-finished solution of hydrochar(HRFS)to enhance rice production in a saline *** this purpose,HRFS was applied(0,10,20,40,60,80 and 100 mL/pot)and rice yield and nitrogen(N)use efficiency(NUE)were *** application significantly(Pyield by 19.6%-30.0%compared to the control treatment(CKU,with N but without HRFS addition).Moreover,HRFS application promoted plant height and straw biomass of *** of rice yield were mainly achieved by increases in the number of panicles and grains per *** with the CKU treatment,the NUE of HRFS amendments significantly(Pyield with HRFS *** results of regression analysis showed that there was a positive relationship(R^(2)=0.8332)between rice yield and HRFS application rate within an appropriate *** highest rice yield was recorded with the HRFS application of 40 mL/pot,but a further increase in HRFS application rate appeared to reduce rice *** on the results of this pot study,HRFS application can increase rice yield in a saline soil by regulating its yield components and enhancing ***,impact of HRFS on these variables showed a“dose effect”.

关键词： Biochar saline soil nitrogen fertilizer yield component sustainable agriculture

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Perspective on oil flax yield and dry biomass with reduced nitrogen supply

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Oil Crop Science 2020年第2期5卷 69-73页

作者： Qiaoxia Zhang Yuhong Gao Bin Yan Zhengjun Cui Bing Wu Kun Yang Jun Ma Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouChina College of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouChina College of Life Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouChina

Field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design to determine effects of nitrogen(N)application levels(J0:150 kg/hm^2,J1:120 kg/hm^2,J2:90 kg/hm^2,J3:60 kg/hm^2)on regulating dry biomass accumulation,allocation and translocation,and grain yield of oil flax during 2018 cropping *** promotion was observed in dry matter during accumulation stage of oil flax,when N rate was reduced by 40%(from 150 to 90 kg/hm^2).Under J2 treatment,translocation of dry matter from vegetative organs to pod increased by 38.46%and 61.54%respectively,when compared with J1 and J0 treatment Dry matter distribution proportion of pod at maturity increased 4.47%-7.61%,contribution rate of leaf to grain upgraded 5.09%-8.77%,and number of effective pods and grains per pod increased by 27.16%-45.38%and 6.49%-26.59%respectively compared to other *** a result,seed yield of oil flax under J2 treatment was 2.23%-18.21%higher than those of other *** study recommended 90 kg/hm^2 as the best N fertilizer level to improve seed yield of oil flax.

关键词： Oil flax Nitrogen application rate Dry matter yield component Semi-arid area

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Effects of Different Transplanting Densities on yield and yield components of Japonica Longke 16

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第11期17卷 2582-2585页

作者：曾林苏文斌陆顺生张朝钟赵应平宋云飞戈芹英万卫东王勤田文伟云南省保山市隆阳区农业技术推广所云南保山678000 保山学院云南保山678000 云南省保山市隆阳区汉庄镇农业服务中心云南保山678013

[Objective] This study was conducted to improve unit yield of rice in Longyang District and find the relationship between transplanting density and rice yield. [Method] Under the condition of field plot test, effects of cultivation density on yield and yield components were investigated with japonica rice Longke 16 as a test material. [Result] Under a planting density of 2.7-3.3×10^5 clusters/hm^2, equivalent to a density of seedlings with tillers of 5.4-6.6×10^5/hm^2, the yield reached 11 250-12 000 kg/hm^2. [Conclusion] Longke 16 is a japonica rice variety with good comprehensive characters, and rational dense planting and accurate quantitative cultivation could give full play to its high yield potential.

关键词： Lonqke 16 Density yield yield component Japonica rice

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Grain yield and quality of foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.)in response to tribenuron-methyl

Grain yield and quality of foxtail millet(Setaria italica L....

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第十二届全国杂草科学大会

作者： Na Ning Xiangyang Yuan Shuqi Dong Yinyuan Wen Zhenpan Gao Meijun Guo Pingyi Guo Laboratory of Crop Chemical Regulation and Chemical Weed Control College of AgronomyShanxi Agricultural University

Foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.)is cultivated around the world for human and animal *** is no suitable herbicide available for weed control in foxtail millet fields during the post-emergence *** this study,we investigated the effect and safety of the post-emergence herbicide tribenuron-methyl(TBM)on foxtail millet in terms of grain yield and quality using a split-plot field *** experiments were conducted using two varieties in 2013 and 2014,i.e.,high-yielding hybrid Zhangzagu 10 and high-quality conventional Jingu *** treatments at11.25 to 90 g ai hareduced root and shoot biomass and grain yield to varying *** each of the two years,grain yield declined by 50.2%in Zhangzagu 10with a herbicide dosage of 45 g ai haand by 45.2%in Jingu 21 with a herbicide dosage of 22.5 g ai ha(recommended dosage).yield reduction was due to lower grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,panicle length,and panicle *** yield was positively correlated with grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight,but not with panicles *** respect to grain protein content at 22.5 g ai ha,the hybrid variety was similar to the control,whereas the conventional variety was markedly *** increase in TBM dosage led to a decrease in grain Mn,Cu,Fe,and Zn *** conclusion,the recommended dosage of TBM was relatively safe for the hybrid variety,but not for the conventional ***,the hybrid variety had a greater tolerance to TBM than the conventional variety.

关键词： Dose-response Herbicide tolerance yield component Hybrid variety Grain mineral

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