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Hydro-climatic Characteristics of yarlung zangbo river basin since the Last Glacial Maximum

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第3期39卷 415-426页

作者： Shuang LIU Kaiheng HU Weiming LIU Paul A.CARLING Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Geography&Environment University of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthamptonSO171BJUK

Global climate changes significantly impact the water condition of big rivers in glacierized high mountains. However,there is a lack of studies on hydrological changes within river basins caused by climate changes over a geological timescale due to the impossibility of direct observations. In this study, we examine the hydro-climatic variation of the yarlung zangbo river basin in the Tibet Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) by combining δ18 O proxy records in Indian and Omani caves with the simulated Indian summer monsoon, surface temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration and runoff via the Community Climate System Model and the reconstructed glacier coverage via the Parallel Ice Sheet Model. The mean river runoff was kept at a low level of 145 billion cubic meters per year until an abrupt increase at a rate of 8.7 million cubic meters per year in the B?lling-Aller?d interval(BA). The annual runoff reached a maximum of 250 billion cubic meters in the early Holocene and then reduced to the current value of 180 billion cubic meters at a rate of 6.4 million cubic meters per year. The low runoff in the LGM and Heinrich Stadial 1(HS1) is likely attributed to such a small contribution of precipitation to runoff and the large glacier cover. The percentage of precipitation to runoff was only 20%during the LGM and HS1. Comparison of glacier area among different periods indicates that the fastest deglaciation occurred during the late HS1, when nearly 60% of glacier area disappeared in the middle reach, 50% in the upper reach,and 30% in the lower reach. The rapid deglaciation and increasing runoff between the late HS1 and BA may have accelerated widespread ice-dam breaches and led to extreme outburst flood events. Combining local geological proxy records and regional simulations could be a useful approach for the study of paleo-hydrologic variations in big river basins.

关键词： yarlung zangbo river basin Indian summer monsoon glacier change runoff variability since the LGM

Integrating the ecosystem service in sustainable plateau spatial planning:A case study of the yarlung zangbo river basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第2期31卷 281-297页

作者： CHE Lei ZHOU Liang XU Jiangang School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China

The yarlung zangbo river basin(YZRB)is a key ecological protection area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).Determination of the ecosystem service values(ESVs)can help recognize the benefits of sustainable *** is gradually becoming the main path that constructs plateau spatial planning of integrating ecological protection,and achieves global sustainable development goals(SDGs)in *** this paper,the spatio-temporal dynamic evolutions of the ESVs were estimated on the multiple scales of“basin,subbasin and watershed”from 1980 to *** main factors influencing ESVs were explored in terms of physical geography,human activities,and climate *** had been proposed that sustainable spatial planning including ecological protection,basin management,and regional development was urgent to set *** results show that the increase in wetland and forest and results in an increase of 9.4%in the *** should be paid to the reduction of water and *** conservation(WC),waste treatment(WT),and soil formation and conservation(SFC)are the most important ecosystem services in the *** present,the primary problem is to solve the ESVs decreasing caused by glacier melting,grassland degradation,and desertification in the upper reaches *** middle reaches should raise the level of supply *** services should be increased in the lower reaches region on the premise of protecting *** ESVs in adjacent watersheds are interrelated and the phenomenon of“high agglomeration and low agglomeration”is obvious,existing hot-spots and cold-spots of ***,when the altitude is 4500-5500 m,the temperature is 3-8°C,and the annual precipitation is 350-650 mm,ESVs could reach its maximum.A framework of sustainable plateau spatial planning could provide references to delimit the ecological protection red line,key ecological function zone,and natural resource asset accounting on the QTP.

关键词： ecosystem service values spatial planning ecological protection yarlung zangbo river basin Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Summer Atmospheric Water Cycle under the Transition Influence of the Westerly and Summer Monsoon over the yarlung zangbo river basin in the Southern Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 830-846页

作者： Qianhui MA Chunyan ZHANG Donghai WANG Zihao PANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesKey Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Meteorological Data Center Guangdong Meteorological ServiceGuangzhou 510080China National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

This study compares the summer atmospheric water cycle,including moisture sources and consumption,in the upstream,midstream,and downstream regions of the yarlung zangbo river basin in the southern Tibetan *** evolutions of moisture properties under the influence of the westerly and summer southerly monsoon are examined using 5-yr multi-source measurements and ERA5 reanalysis *** that moisture consumption in this study is associated with clouds,precipitation,and diabatic *** to the midstream and downstream regions,the upstream region has less moisture,clouds,and precipitation,where the moisture is brought by the *** early August,the vertical wet advection over this region becomes enhanced and generates more high clouds and *** midstream region has moisture carried by the westerly in June and by the southerly monsoon from July to *** higher vertical wet advection maximum here forms more high clouds,with a precipitation peak in early *** downstream region is mainly affected by the southerly-driven wet *** rich moisture and strong vertical wet advection here produce the most clouds and precipitation among the three regions,with a precipitation peak in late *** height of the maximum moisture condensation is different between the midstream region(325 hPa)and the other two regions(375 hPa),due to the higher upward motion maximum in the midstream *** diabatic heating structures show that stratiform clouds dominate the upstream region,stratiform clouds and deep convection co-exist in the midstream region,and deep convection systems characterize the downstream region.

关键词： yarlung zangbo river basin atmospheric water cycle constrained variational analysis moisture source and consumption

A long-term record(1995-2019)of the dynamics of land desertification in the middle reaches of yarlung zangbo river basin derived from Landsat data

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第1期2卷 12-21页

作者： Qiqi Zhan Wei Zhao Mengjiao Yang Donghong Xiong Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Kathmandu Center for Research and Education Chinese Academy of Sciences-Tribhuvan UniversityBeijing 100101China

Widespread desertification in the middle part of the yarlung zangbo river(YZR)basin is threatening the sustain-able development of this *** capture this process,a method was proposed for large-scale desertification monitoring by using Landsat images from 1995 to *** method used an integrated classification method combined with a hierarchical decision tree and nearest neighbor *** spatio-temporal dynamics of the desertification pattern were analyzed to assist in the detection of possible driving *** validation samples collected from Google Earth high-resolution images and field investigations,the overall accuracy of the classification in 2019 was 92.3%with a Kappa coefficient of *** major results were:(1)total sandy land area in 2019 was 734.1 km^(2),which accounted for 3.7%of the study area,prominently distributed along the wide river valleys and inlets of tributaries with a strip and discontinuous *** land tends to be distributed in the southern aspect regions with lower elevations and that are closer to rivers;(2)sandy land areas showed two temporal stages:a gradual increase of 102.4 km^(2)from 1995 to 2015 and a large decrease of 106.8 km^(2)from 2015 to 2019;(3)newly increased sandy land was distributed in the YZR Valley,while the revegetation on sandy land occurred mainly in the Lhasa river basin and some regions in the YZR Valley;and(4)increased sandy land area of 142.1 km^(2)was mainly distributed in the southern band of the two ***,revegetation on sandy land was more effective on the northern banks of the river *** findings provide guidance for implementing vegetation recovery on sandy lands and provide important insights for maintaining sustainable development.

关键词： Desertification Landsat Spatial-temporal dynamics yarlung zangbo river basin Qingzang Plateau

Climate change over the yarlung zangbo river basin during 1961-2005

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第4期17卷 409-420页

作者： YOU Qinglong KANG Shichang WU Yanhong YAN Yuping Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research CAS Beijing 100085 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China

The yarlung zangbo river （YR） is the highest great river in the world, and its basin is one of the centers of human economic activity in Tibet. Using 10 meteorological stations over the YR basin in 1961-2005, the spatial and temporal characteristics of temperature and precipitation as well as potential evapotranspiration are analyzed. The results are as follows. （1） The annual and four seasonal mean air temperature shows statistically significant increasing trend, the tendency is more significant in winter and fall. The warming in Lhasa river basin is most significant. （2） The precipitation is decreasing from the 1960s to the 1980s and increasing since the 1980s. From 1961 to 2005, the annual and four seasonal mean precipitation is increasing but not statistically significant, especially in fall and spring. The increasing precipitation rates are more pronounced in Niyangqu and Palong zangbo river basins, the closer to the upper YR is, the less precipitation increasing rate would be. （3） The annual and four seasonal mean potential evapotranspiration has decreased, especially after the 1980s, and most of it happens in winter and spring. The decreasing trend is most significant in the middle YR and Nianchu river basin. （4） Compared with the Mt. Qomolangma region, Tibetan Plateau, China and global average, the magnitudes of warming trend over the YR basin since the 1970s exceed those areas in the same period, and compared with the Tibetan Plateau, the magnitudes of precipitation increasing and potential evapotranspiration decreasing are larger, suggesting that the YR basin is one of the most sensitive areas to global warming.

关键词： yarlung zangbo river basin climate change sensitivity

Temporal and spatial variations of δ^18O in precipitation of the yarlung zangbo river basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第3期17卷 317-326页

作者： LIU Zhongfang TIAN Lide YAO Tandong GONG Tongliang YIN Changliang YU Wusheng Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research CAS Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Tibetan Water Resource Reconnaissance and Designing Lhasa 850000 China

This paper reveals the temporal and spatial variations of stable isotope in precipitation of the yarlung zangbo river basin based on the variations of δ^18O in precipitation at four stations （Lhaze, Nugesha, Yangcun and Nuxia） in 2005. The results show that δ^18O of precipitation has distinct seasonal changes in the yarlung zangbo river basin. The higher value of δ^18O occurs in spring prior to monsoon precipitation, and the lower value occurs during monsoon precipitation. From the spatial variations, with the altitude-effect and rainout process during moisture transport along the yarlung zangbo river Valley, δ^18O of precipitation is gradually depleted. Thus, δ^18O of precipitation decreases gradually from the downstream to the upstream, and the lapse rate of δ^18O in precipitation is approximately 0.34‰/100m and 0.7%J‰/100km for the two reasons. During monsoon precipitation, spatial variation of δ^18O in precipitation is dominated by the amount effect in the large scale synoptic condition.

关键词： yarlung zangbo river basin δ^18O precipitation temporal and spatial variations

Land Use Change and Its Impact of Ecosystem Service Value in yarlung zangbo river basin in Southern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Land Use Change and Its Impact of Ecosystem Service Value in...