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The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the yangtze river valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 593-607页

作者： Ping LIANG Zhiqi ZHANG Yihui DING Zeng-Zhen HU Qi CHEN Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Prediction Center NCEP/NWS/NOAACollege ParkMD 20740USA

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the yangtze river valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since 1961.In this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of Shanghai.We found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global warming.During mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme HW.The Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time scale.Also,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking pattern.Anomalous warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong WPSH.At the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the HW.Therefore,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

关键词： extreme heatwave multiscale variability air-sea interaction warming trend yangtze river valley Shanghai

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Diagnosing the Dynamic and Thermodynamic Effects for the Exceptional 2020 Summer Rainy Season in the yangtze river valley

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 26-36页

作者： Na WEN Shujie LIU Laurent Z.X.LI College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Qingdao Engineering Technology Research Center for Meteorological Disaster Prevention Qingdao Meteorological BureauQingdao 266003China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75252France

An exceptional rainy season occurred in the yangtze river valley of eastern China in June-July 2020.The relative importance of the dynamic and thermodynamic effects on this unusual event is evaluated through the budget equations of moisture and moist static energy(MSE).The moisture budget analysis suggests that the thermodynamic effect contributes to the precipitation anomaly by 8.5%through the advection of abnormal water vapor by mean vertical motion,while the dynamic effect,related to water vapor advection by anomalous vertical motion,has the dominant contribution.The MSE budget analysis further reveals that the anomalous vertical motion is both constrained by the dynamic effect related to changes in atmospheric circulation and the thermodynamic effect related to changes of the atmospheric thermal state,with a ratio of thermodynamic versus total effects estimated at 45.3%.The dynamic effect is linked to the advection of warm and humid air by the abnormal southwesterly wind,which is related with an anomalous anticyclone over the Philippine Sea.The thermodynamic effect is partly induced by the positive advection of anomalous MSE(mainly latent energy)by the mean vertical motion.This analysis of the dynamic and thermodynamic effects is useful to understand the underlying physical mechanisms leading to the unusual rainy season in the yangtze river valley in summer 2020.It is also helpful to put forward a few speculations on the potential role of global warming whose primary effect is,after all,to change the thermal state of the atmosphere.

关键词： exceptional rainfall yangtze river valley global warming dynamic and thermodynamic effects

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A Simulation Study of a Heavy Rainfall Process over the yangtze river valley Using the Two-Way Nesting Approach

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第4期29卷 731-743页

作者：王树舟于恩涛王会军 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this study, the major features of a heavy rainfall event in the yangtze river region on 3-7 June 2011 and its event-related large-scale circulation and predictability were studied. Both observational analysis and model simulation were used, the latter being based on the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model forced by NCEP Global Forecast System （GFS） datasets. It was found that, during 3-5 June, the western Pacific subtropical high apparently extended to the west and was much stronger, and the Indian summer monsoon trough was slightly weaker than in normal years. The east-west oriented shear line over the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river was favorable for the transportation and convergence of water vapor, and the precipitation band was located slightly to the south of the shear line. During 6-7 June, the western Pacific subtropical high retreated eastward, while the trough over the Okhotsk Sea deepened. The low vortex in Northeast China intensified, bringing much more cold air to the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river, and the shear line over this area moved slightly southward. The convection band moved southward and became weaker, so the rainfall during 6-7 June weakened and was located slightly to the south of the previous precipitation band. Many of the observed features, including background circulation and the distribution and amount of precipitation, were reproduced reasonably by the WRF, suggesting a feasibility of this model for forecasting extreme weather events in the yangtze river region.

关键词： WRF yangtze river valley heavy rainfall shear line

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Synergistic Contribution of Precipitation Anomalies over Northwestern India and the South China Sea to High Temperature over the yangtze river valley

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第9期32卷 1255-1265页

作者： LIU Ge WU Renguang SUN Shuqing WANG Huimei Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Institute of Space and Earth Information Science/Department of Geography and Resource Management/Shenzhen Research Institute Chinese University of Hong Kong Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

This study explores the characteristics of high temperature anomalies over eastern China and associated influencing factors using observations and model outputs.Results show that more long-duration（over 8 days） high temperature events occur over the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river valley（YRV） than over the surrounding regions,and control most of the interannual variation of summer mean temperature in situ.The synergistic effect of summer precipitation over the South China Sea（SCS） region（18°–27°N,115°–124°E） and the northwestern India and Arabian Sea（IAS） region（18°–27°N,60°–80°E） contributes more significantly to the variation of summer YRV temperature,relative to the respective SCS or IAS precipitation anomaly.More precipitation（enhanced condensational heating） over the SCS region strengthens the western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH） and simultaneously weakens the westerly trough over the east coast of Asia,and accordingly results in associated high temperature anomalies over the YRV region through stimulating an East Asia–Pacific（EAP） pattern.More precipitation over the IAS region further adjusts the variations of the WPSH and westerly trough,and eventually reinforces high temperature anomalies over the YRV region.Furthermore,the condensational heating related to more IAS precipitation can adjust upper-tropospheric easterly anomalies over the YRV region by exciting a circumglobal teleconnection,inducing cold horizontal temperature advection and related anomalous descent,which is also conducive to the YRV high temperature anomalies.The reproduction of the above association in the model results indicates that the above results can be explained both statistically and dynamically.

关键词： high temperature events yangtze river valley precipitation ECHAM5

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Numerical Simulation of the 1999 yangtze river valley Heavy Rainfall Including Sensitivity Experiments with Different SSTA

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第1期21卷 23-33页

作者：郭裕福王嘉赵彦 LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029

With the IAP/LASG GOALS model, the heavy rainfall of the summer of 1999 in the yangtze river valley is simulated with observational sea surface temperature (SST). Comparing the simulations of 1999 with the corresponding ones of 1998 and the sensitivity experiments with different sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) at different ocean regions, the relationships between the floods in the yangtze river valley and the SSTA in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are studied. The results show that the positive SSTA in the tropical Indian Ocean are a major contributor to the heavy rainfall and may be a very important index to predict the heavy rainfall over the yangtze river valley in the summer. The simulations also show that the relationships between the SSTA in the tropical eastern Pacific and the heavy rainfall in the yangtze river valley are very complicated, and the heavy rainfall in the yangtze river valley can occur in both a decaying and an intensifying El Nino event and also in a La Nina event. However, the different SSTA of different periods in the above three cases play different parts.

关键词： yangtze river valley heavy rainfall sea surface temperature anomaly numerical simulation

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Development of a Meteorological and Hydrological Coupling Index for Droughts and Floods along the yangtze river valley of China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第6期30卷 1653-1662页

作者：牛涛王继志杨元琴刘洪利陈淼刘冀彦 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Yunnan University

To comprehensively investigate characteristics of summer droughts and floods in the yangtze river valley, a meteorological and hydrological coupling index （MHCI） was developed using meteorological and hydro- logical data. The results indicate that：（1） in representing drought/flood information for the yangtze river valley, the MHCI can reflect composite features of precipitation and hydrological observations; （2） compre- hensive analysis of the interannual phase difference of the precipitation and hydrological indices is important to recognize and predict annual drought/flood events along the valley; the hydrological index contributes more strongly to nonlinear and continuity features that indicate transition from long-term drought to flood conditions; （3） time series of the MHCI from 1960-2009 are very effective and sensitive in reflecting annual drought/flood characteristics, i.e. there is more rainfall or typical flooding in the valley when the MHCI is positive, and vice versa; and （4） verification of the MHCI indicates that there is significant correlation between precipitation and hydrologic responses in the valley during summer; the correlation coefficient was found to reach 0.82, exceeding the 0.001 significance level.

关键词： meteorological and hydrological coupling index （MHCI） yangtze river valley recent 50 years,drought and flood

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Why Was the Strengthening of Rainfall in Summer over the yangtze river valley in 2016 Less Pronounced than that in 1998 under Similar Preceding El Nino Events？Role of Midlatitude Circulation in August

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第11期34卷 1290-1300页

作者： chaofan li wei chen xiaowei hong riyu lu center for monsoon system research institute of atmospheric physicschinese academy of sciencesBeijing 100029China state key laboratory of numerical modelling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics institute of atmospheric physicschinese academy of sciencesBeijing 100029China climate change research center chinese academy of sciencesBeijing 100029China

It is widely recognized that rainfall over the yangtze river valley （YRV） strengthens considerably during the decaying summer of E1 Nifio, as demonstrated by the catastrophic flooding suffered in the summer of 1998. Nevertheless, the rainfall over the YRV in the summer of 2016 was much weaker than that in 1998, despite the intensity of the 2016 E1 Nifio having been as strong as that in 1998. A thorough comparison of the YRV summer rainfall anomaly between 2016 and 1998 suggests that the difference was caused by the sub-seasonal variation in the YRV rainfall anomaly between these two years, principally in August. The precipitation anomaly was negative in August 2016--different to the positive anomaly of 1998.

关键词： yangtze river valley summer rainfall super El Nio sub-seasonal variation Silk Road Pattern

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Holocene environmental change and archaeology,yangtze river valley,China:Review and prospects

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第6期3卷 875-892页

作者： Li Wu Feng Li Cheng Zhu Lan Li Bing Li School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Holocene environmental change and environmental archaeology are important components of an international project studying the human-earth interaction system. This paper reviews the progress of Holocene environmental change and environmental archaeology research in the yangtze river valley over the last three decades, that includes the evolution of large freshwater lakes, Holocene transgression and sea-level changes, Holocene climate change and East Asian monsoon variation, relationship between the rise and fall of primitive civilizations and environmental changes, cultural interruptions and palaeo- flood events, as well as relationship between the origin of agriculture and climate change. These research components are underpinned by the dating of lacustrine sediments, stalagmites and peat to establish a chronology of regional environmental and cultural evolution. Interdisciplinary and other environment proxy indicators need to be used in comparative studies of archaeological site formation and natural sedi- mentary environment in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river valley. Modern tech- nology such as remote sensing, molecular bioarchaeology, and virtual reality, should be integrated with currently used dating, geochemical, sedimentological, and palaeobotanical methods of analysis in envi- ronmental archaeology macro- and micro-studies, so as to provide a greater comprehensive insight into Holocene environmental and cultural interaction and change in the yangtze river valley area.

关键词： Holocene Environmental changeEnvironmentalarchaeology yangtze river valley

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THE ECOGEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION IN THE yangtze river valley

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1991年第4期 16-26页

作者： Zhang Dixiang Institute of Population Research Economic College of Wuhan University

The total population of the yangtze river valley(YRV)was 190 million by the end of 1949 and it amounted to 377 million in 1987,an increase of 95.95 percent in 38years,averaging 1.82 percent annually.The population density increased from 106.4 persons per km2 in 1949 to 208.6persons per km2 in 1987.The ecogeographic distribution of the population and the analysis of the reasons accountable for its development and changes in the YRV are presented in this paper.

关键词： population distribution ecogeography yangtze river valley

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Variation of GPS precipitable water over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:possible teleconnection triggering rainfall over the yangtze river valley

Variation of GPS precipitable water over the Qinghai-Tibet P...

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暴雨新型探测资料应用技术研讨会

作者： Gui-Rong Xu1,Chun-Guang Cui1,Wu-Jie Li1,Wen Zhang2,and Guangliu Feng1 1.Institute of Heavy Rain,China Meteorological Administration,Wuhan 430074,China 2.Wuhan Central Meteorological Observatory,Wuhan 430074,China

The GPS technology shows dramatic ability in monitoring the atmospheric water vapor. Based on the GPS data from Japan International Co-operation Agency （JICA） and Hubei GPS network, the precipitable water （PW） over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） and over the middle yangtze river valley （YRV） is calculated and compared. The results show that the southern QTP is wetter than the central part because of the barring effect of the Plateau on the monsoon. The PW is larger in summer than other months over either the QTP or the middle YRV. The diurnal variation of PW over the QTP is more complex than that of the middle YRV with fluctuations during the whole day due to its unique topography. The minimum PW over both the QTP and the middle YRV appears in the morning;however, the peak over the QTP occurs in the night while that over the middle YRV in the early afternoon. Furthermore, the PW over the QTP, especially its southern and eastern edges have a positive correlation with that over the middle YRV. This may imply that the southern and eastern Plateau are the key regions transporting atmospheric vapor to the middle YRV, indicating the possibility to find early warning signals resulting from the intensification of the QTP atmospheric vapor leading to heavy rainfall events over the middle YRV.

关键词： ground-based GPS precipitable water Qinghai-Tibet Plateau yangtze river valley correlation

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