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Contrast in vulnerability to freezing-induced xylem embolism contributes to divergence in spring phenology between diffuse-and ring-porous temperate trees

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 734-744页

作者： Ai-Ying Wang Han-Xiao Cui Xue-Wei Gong Jing-Jing Guo Nan Wu Guang-You Hao School of Life Sciences and Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044LiaoningChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Urban Integrated Pest Management and Ecological Security College of Life Science and BioengineeringShenyang UniversityShenyang110044LiaoningChina CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Tree Laboratory Shenyang Academy of Landscape-gardeningShenyang110016LiaoningChina

Background:The spring phenology and growth strategy of temperate tree species can be strongly linked to their sensitivity to frosts,which deserve more profound investigations under the background of climate warming particularly considering the advancement of spring phenology as well as the increase in frequency and intensity of spring cold ***:Spring phenologies,stem radial growth characteristics,frost sensitivity of leaves and stem hydraulic systems were studied in five diffuse-porous and five ring-porous temperate tree species under a common garden ***:The results showed that the spring leaf phenology of the diffuse-porous species was one to two weeks earlier than that of the ring-porous *** ring-porous species had significantly higher stem hydraulic conductivity than the diffuse-porous species(1.81 and 0.95 kg·m^(-1)·s^(-1)·MPa^(-1),Pxylem embolism than the *** a simulated freeze-thaw event,the average percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity in the current year shoots increased from 26.0%(native embolism)to 86.7%in the ring-porous species,while it only increased from 21.3%to 38.3%in the diffuse-porous *** spring phenology was clearly correlated with vulnerability to freeze-thaw induced embolism,with the more vulnerable ring-porous species exhibited substantially delayed phenology to reduce risks of catastrophic hydraulic dysfunction during spring ***,ring-porous species can offset the postponed onset of growth and gained even higher annual growth due to significantly higher hydraulic efficiency and leaf gas exchange ***:Contrasts between ring-porous and diffuse-porous species in resistance to freeze-thaw induced embolism suggest that they face different selective pressures from early spring frosts,which may at least be partially responsible for their divergence in spring phenology and growth strategy and can potentially lead to di

关键词： Diffuse-porous trees Freeze-thaw cycle Frost damage Ring-porous trees Spring phenology xylem embolism

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Cavitation resistance of peduncle,petiole and stem is correlated with bordered pit dimensions in Magnolia grandiflora

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Plant Diversity 2021年第4期43卷 324-330页

作者： Feng-Ping Zhang Jiao-Lin Zhang Timothy J.Brodribb Hong Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303YunnanChina College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi MedicinesYunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming650500YunnanChina Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming 650201YunnanChina School of Natural Sciences University of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 55HobartTasmania 7001Australia

Variation in resistance of xylem to embolism among flowers,leaves,and stems strongly influences the survival and reproduction of ***,little is known about the vulnerability to xylem embolism under drought stress and their relationships to the anatomical traits of pits among reproductive and vegetative *** this study,we investigated the variation in xylem vulnerability to embolism in peduncles,petioles,and stems in a woody plant,Magnolia *** analyzed the relationships between water potentials that induced 50%embolism(P50)in peduncles,petioles,and stems and the conduit pit traits hypothesized to influence cavitation *** found that peduncles were more vulnerable to cavitation than petioles and stems,supporting the hypothesis of hydraulic vulnerability segmentation that leaves and stems are prioritized over flowers during drought ***,P50 was significantly correlated with variation in the dimensions of inter-vessel pit apertures among peduncles,petioles and *** findings highlight that measuring xylem vulnerability to embolism in reproductive organs is essential for understanding the effect of drought on plant reproductive success and mortality under drought stress.

关键词： Drought Flower Pit traits xylem embolism Magnolia

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Ultrasonic Acoustic Emissions from Leaf xylem of Potted Wheat Subject to a Soil Drought and Rewatering Cycle

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第5期5卷 346-355页

作者： JIA Xiu-ling ZHANG Li-hua MA Rui-kun WANG Zhen-lin ZHANG Quan-guo YAO Yan-rong College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University Tai＇an 271018 P.R. China Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang 050031 P.R. China

Ultrasonic acoustic emissions （AEs） from leaf xylem of both water stressed and well watered potted winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） plants during drought and rewatering cycle were investigated with a ‘PCI-2 Based AE System＇（Physical Acoustics Corp. New Jersey, USA） for estimation of leaf xylem cavitation and embolism. Very few AEs occurred in xylem of wheat leaves in well-watered plant, and also in plant subject to mild and moderate soil water stress conditions over the first 4 d of the drought cycle. Great amounts of AEs have occurred since d 5 of the drought cycle as plant showed obvious leaf curling, indicating significant cavitation in leaf xylem on plant exposed to severe soil water deficit. At this point, relative soil water content （RSWC） and leaf xylem pressure （ψ1） dropped to 24.0-26.5% and -1.92 MPa, respectively, with reductions in leaf stomatal conductance （gs）, leaf transpiration （Tr） and leaf CO2 assimilation rate （A） of as much as 69.8, 60.7 and 46.5%, respectively. The effect of soil water deficit was in the order gs 〉 Tr 〉 A 〉 AE. Waveform physical property parameters such as amplitude, counts, rise time, duration, absolute energy and signal strength were analyzed. These parameters varied within very broad ranges, with frequency distribution of most parameters being well fitted by the exponential function y = yo- A exp （-x/t）. The proportion of stronger AE signals rose as soil dehydrated. While AEs occurrence in water stressed plant remained higher than in well-watered control at the following day after rewatering, waveform signal strength and related physical property parameters dropped immediately to that of control. Difference in AEs occurrence characterization between field-grown and potted wheat leaves was discussed.

关键词： xylem embolism ultrasonic acoustic emissions waveform physical property wheat leaves

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